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<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=3 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'>This article is pretty bad. So much
heavy duty labelling, so little analysis or understanding. Essentially
let’s let those who dominate continue to do so because unpicking the past
is difficult. Of course we should condemn coercion and
authoritarianism in language policies, but that is just used as a ruse in the
article to essentially tell minorities to “cop their lot”. In
a speech at the opening of the great Library of Alexandria Umberto Eco made the
point that perhaps the greatest gift of literary and educated culture is the
capacity to make distinctions. Consider the absurd section of the article where
the author fails to notice the difference between Fascist language repression
and <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Italy</st1:place></st1:country-region>’s
1946 constitution which expressly recognises minority regions. The invitation
to Inspector Clouseau is telling in more ways than one.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=3 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'>Joe<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=3 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=3 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 color=blue face="Arial Narrow"><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow";color:blue'>NEW PUBLICATIONS<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 color=blue face="Arial Narrow"><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow";color:blue'>Lo Bianco, Orton
and Gao, (2009), <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region>
and English: Globalisation and Dilemmas of Identity. <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">UK</st1:place></st1:country-region>:
Multilingual Matters<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 color=blue face="Arial Narrow"><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow";color:blue'>Lo Bianco, J.
(2009), Second Languages and Australian Schooling. Australian Council for
Educational Research<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'>********************************************<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><b><font size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow";font-weight:bold'>Joseph Lo
Bianco, AM, FAHA, FACE<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'>Professor of Language and Literacy Education<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'>Associate Dean (Global Engagement)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><b><font size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow";font-weight:bold'>President, <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Australian</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType
w:st="on">Academy</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> of the Humanities<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><font
size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'>Melbourne</span></font></st1:PlaceName><font
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<st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Graduate</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">School</st1:PlaceType></span></font></st1:place><font
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of Education<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial Narrow"'>The <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType>
of <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Melbourne</st1:PlaceName>, Parkville, 3010 VIC <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Australia</st1:place></st1:country-region><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=1 face="Arial Narrow"><span style='font-size:
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<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt'>-----Original Message-----<br>
From: lgpolicy-list-bounces@groups.sas.upenn.edu
[mailto:lgpolicy-list-bounces@groups.sas.upenn.edu] On Behalf Of Harold
Schiffman<br>
Sent: Friday, 29 January 2010 2:30 AM<br>
To: lp<br>
Subject: [lg policy] Catalan language policy: Marxist, Stalinist,Francoist or
fascist?</span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Catalan language policy: Marxist, Stalinist, Francoist or fascist?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>The precedents for, and some possible implications of, the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Catalanisation of <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Barcelona</st1:place></st1:City>'s
cinemas. Plus some crowd-pleasing video<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>of the <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Quebec</st1:place></st1:State>
language police in action. (Allez! Allez! Allez! And the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>hell with the economy!) All in somewhat fevered response to an article<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>by Martin Dahms in the Tages-Anzeiger.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Trevor @ Wednesday January 27th 2010 16:40<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Last night I had a quick beer with someone who wonks policy for the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Catalan governing coalition. He was very upset about a piece published<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>a couple of days ago in the Tages-Anzeiger, a left-leaning,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Zurich-based, mass-circulation daily, by a respected German foreign<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>correspondent called Martin Dahms. Entitled “In <st1:City w:st="on">Barcelona</st1:City>
<st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Hollywood</st1:place></st1:City><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>has to speak Catalan,” the article is a well-researched and
objective<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>look at Catalan government plans to force cinemas to show half of<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>films in Catalan. These plans have caused the cinema industry<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>association, which controls some 80% of seats in the region, to call a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>strike next Monday. They fear that frustrating the overwhelming market<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>preference for Spanish showings (to which, given that everyone speaks<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Spanish, you can take all your friends) will inevitably accentuate the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>already rapid drift, particularly among the young, away from public<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>cinema (and video clubs) to internet downloads. And even the Chinese<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>haven’t completely figured out how to regulate or impose quotas
on<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>those.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Mr Wonk’s main beef was about Mr Dahms’ comparison of the
Catalan<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>government’s gradualist strategy to banish Spanish from public
life<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>with the Franco government’s summarily implemented, anti-Catalan<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>version of this policy in 1939. “How dare he! There is a world of<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>difference between us and them!” he cried, echoing Christian<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>objections to analysis linking human beings with other primates. Apart<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>from all the usual “didn’t never have no niggers/faggots/Spanish
here<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>before” paleocrap essential to any progressive discourse in <st1:City
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Barcelona</st1:place></st1:City>,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Mr Wonk also made the interesting claim that Catalan linguistic<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>aggression is essentially Marxist, designed to create a common<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>language and thus achieve equality of opportunity for all.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Neglecting the fact that we already have a common<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>language–Spanish–you’ve got to be pretty stupid or
ignorant to believe<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>that The Beard’s works sanction cultural interventionism, whether<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>we’re talking about ironing out dialectal variation and
linguistic<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>diversity or any other field. As any Eastern European child over the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>age of 50 can tell you, Marx actually says that culture is<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>superstructural to the economy. So the only strategy open to a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>conventional Marxist who wants to make Catalan the common language in<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Catalonia</span></font></st1:place></st1:State>
is to leap into a time machine, rip back to the 14th<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>century, close the borders, thwack down the populace, and try to make<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>anti-revolutionary autarky work … for ever. Which, for all I
know, may<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>indeed what President Montilla has in store for us.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>However, at this point the barman suggested that a far better<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>left-wing model for the restriction of individual language rights is<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>provided by Stalin. Stalin knew Marx rather better than my friend and<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>realised that if Marx had got it right then the language of the Tsars<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>should have disappeared automatically as a superstructural consequence<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>of the economic changes wrought by the October Revolution; there was<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>no theoretical basis to justify the (violent) Russification of the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'>Soviet Union</span></font></st1:place>. He got round
this by saying–obviously not in so many<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>words—that Marx was wrong and the Nazis were right: that language
is<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>not superstructure but is by some ingenious and unspecified means<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>generated by the entire course of a society’s history, reflecting
not<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>needs based in time or class but the Volksgeist.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Like Stalin’s massive programme of cultural expansionism, the
Catalan<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>government’s willingness to pay for Catalan education,
exhibitions,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>street signs etc in areas of <st1:country-region w:st="on">France</st1:country-region>
and <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Italy</st1:place></st1:country-region>
to which it has cultural<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>and thence territorial claims, as well as hegemonist pressures on<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font
size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Valencia</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region>
and the Balearics, show that its ambitions are imperialist.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>In that sense it may be closer to Stalinism than to the Francoist<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>programme of Hispanicisation in the 1940s, which reasserted (by<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>totalitarian means) public dominance of the national language in<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>territories which had been formally Spanish for some 500 years and<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>where Spanish had been the language of the educated class and the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>administration for respectively some 400 and 200 years.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>In another sense, however, Catalan nationalists would say<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Catalanisation is merely reasserting (by totalitarian means, of<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>course) the public use of Catalan in territories which in the late<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Middle Ages were Aragonese and where Catalan and other southern French<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>dialects were at the time the language of the educated class and,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>subordinated to Latin, of the administration. Which is rather<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>complicated, but at least indicates that they accept the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Catalanism/Francoism parallel.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>[<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>And that's all so <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Ulster</st1:place></st1:country-region>
isn't it! For novices, here's a helpful<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>summary of provincial life by Manuel Estimulo:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>As I am understand it, the place is divided up into two part, one<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>ruled over by a militaristic authoritarian misogynistic reactionary<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Protestant fascism, which want to take everyone back to the 17th<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>century, and the other part is rule over by a militaristic<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>authoritarian misogynistic progressive Catholic fascism, which want to<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>take everyone back to the 1920s. And even though they seem to have<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>everything in common with one another, the main sticking plaster is<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>they cannot agree over which football team to support. It all very<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>much seem like a stork in a teacup!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>I find neither Francoism nor Stalinism to be an entirely satisfactory<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>parallel, because neither is afflicted by the all-devouring<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>inferiority complex which drives mandatory Catalanisation: the notion<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>that if people are not forced to use the language, it will die, and<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>that this is for some reason of transcendent importance.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>A few years ago following a rather wild bet I denounced myself to the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>language police for using English preferentially in (public) business<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>communications, and when they failed to respond an Italian friend<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>commented that the narrow focus of their paranoia–a rival Romance<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>dialect–was reminiscent of the persecution of French in <st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Italy</st1:place></st1:country-region> in the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>late 19th and early 20th centuries, reaching its peak under Mussolini.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>French was a more vigorous language, with far greater intellectual,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>artistic and industrial reach, and so strenuous efforts were made to<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>deny French-speaking families education in French and other public<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>opportunities to use it, and to cleanse Italian of all trace of French<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>loanwords. (There’s a fascinating piece here on the <st1:place
w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Aosta</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Valley</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>,
the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>persecution of French by Italian nationalists, and the French-language<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>anti-fascist resistance.)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Mussolini was inverted in 1945 but his world was not, and full<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Italianisation of French-speaking areas was achieved in the post-war<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>period by the pervasive influence of Italian mass media. Yet while<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=2
face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Catalonia</span></font></st1:place></st1:State>
has succeeded in denying access to Spanish-language<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>education, and while heavy fines are used to ensure that businesses<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>promote themselves according to the ethnic fantasies of civil servants<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>rather than according to their perception of customer need and their<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>desire to maximise profits, it’s difficult to see in the internet
age<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>how putting cinemas out of business will contribute either to getting<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>people to speak Catalan or to rescuing the region’s struggling<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>economy.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Whether or not you agree with me that this is closer to<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>(Mediterranean) littoral than to continental totalitarianism,
it’s<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>clear that the direct inspiration for Catalan ethnic bulldozering<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>comes mainly from <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Quebec</st1:place></st1:State>.
Stuff that should concern serious people:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>despite considerable natural potential, <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Quebec</st1:place></st1:State> has succeeded in<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>driving away much of its original business class, it has struggled to<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>maintain foreign investment, it has a poor record on wealth creation<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>compared with other provinces, and, although it effectively runs its<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>own immigration policy, immigrants there are spectacularly less<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>successful than in neighbouring <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Ontario</st1:place></st1:State>,
which has no such powers or<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>ethnic paranoias. And so on.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Stuff that may amuse less serious people: an old favourite, Inspector<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Clouseau of the <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Quebec</st1:place></st1:State>
language police at work:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>http://oreneta.com/kalebeul/2010/01/27/catalan-language-policy-marxist-stalinist-francoist-or-fascist/<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>-- <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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