<br><br><div class="gmail_quote"> Forwarded From: <b class="gmail_sendername">Ather Farouqui</b> <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:farouqui@yahoo.com">farouqui@yahoo.com</a>></span><br>Date: Wed, Aug 15, 2012 at 6:16 AM<br>
:Urdu needs Kiss of Life and not Myopic Policies<br><br><br><br><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td style="font:inherit" valign="top"><br><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span><br><div align="left">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:.05in;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1.2pt">MAINSTREAM, VOL L, NO 33, AUGUST 4, 2012<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Georgia,serif">Urdu</span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Georgia,serif"> </span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Georgia,serif">needs</span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Georgia,serif"> </span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Georgia,serif">Kiss</span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Georgia,serif"> of </span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Georgia,serif">Life</span><span style="font-size:17pt;font-family:Georgia,serif"> and not
Myopic Policies<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">by Ather Farouqui</span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">I would like to take
this opportunity of congratulating Nusrat Zaheer on his excellent views on
various aspects of the Progressive Writers Association (PWA) in Mainstream
(vol. L, no. 11, March 3, 2012) and Abdul W. Qasmi in ‘Whither National Council
for Promotion of Urdu Language’ in Mainstream (vol. L, no. 19, April 28, 2012)<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Though Zaheer has
commented on the PWA, his letter seems to have gone unnoticed in the CPI and
CPI-M. This is owing largely to their well-known arrogance, which spells more
bad news for the future of the communist movement in India. Most parts of the
world, Europe included, have seen the decline and withering away of the local
communist outfits because of their rigidity and obsolete thinking. The
exemplary defeat of the CPI-M in West Bengal is a case in point of a party,
beset by intellectual hubris, refusing to revise its thinking and learn from
its mistakes.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">This rigidity was
particularly noticeable at a recent tamasha, namely, the technical conference
of the PWA in Delhi University held on April 12, 13 and 14, 2012 to fulfil the
ritual of re-election of office-bearers. It was more in the nature of a circus
organised by the PWA office-bearers, mainly those who work in the Urdu
Department of the University and the helpless research scholars under their
tutelage. Most unfortunate is that no resolutions were passed, which is unique
in the history of the PWA. I checked on this on April 30, and was told that
they had not yet been typed though the report was available on the internet as
it was quickly published in New Age to set the record straight before the
communist leadership! Worse, the conference was organised with the support of
the corporate sector which led to an unprecedented hullabaloo that ultimately
forced the Secretary to withdraw his report and announce that the advertisement
money would not be collected. I seriously doubt this promise as the PWA has for
long now been an NGO kind of racket and not so long ago a huge grant for the
Faiz Centenary from the Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR) along with
a number of grants from the corporate sector (as widely alleged by reliable
sources) was shared between the PWA officer-bearers of the Department of Urdu,
Delhi University, and an agency to which the organising of the event was
outsourced. More than anything else the CPI will now have to check corruption
which is a new phenomenon in communist circles, particularly among
office-bearers of the PWA. Coinciding with the Delhi University conference was
an event graced by Tariq Ali in New Delhi—the Faiz Memorial Lecture, of which
no office-bearer of the PWA was aware. In fact, barring a few, most among the
present PWA leadership would not even have heard of him. And of course the
conference has left no impact except to fulfil the agenda of the office-bearers
which is certainly not in the public domain. Unfortunately, Zaheer has not
commented on many important issues which apply to other organisations,
particularly government ones, which are the worst victims of the ideological
confusion in the ranks of the Urdu and Muslim intelligentsia as well as Muslim
leadership. All of them have always rendered erroneous advice to the government
regarding Muslims issues since partition and all good-for-nothing government
institutions and ill-conceived policies for the revival of Urdu can be
attributed to them. They have reified Urdu as a language only of Muslims, at
the same time contributing to its decline as well as setting the community
apart from other Indians who speak regional languages.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Basically Urdu faces
only one major handicap: its absence in the school curriculum. Fortunately,
after the Right to Education (RTE) Act and the recent landmark judgment of the
Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, there is no need to define a ‘school’. But it
is a matter of great shame (the mildest term in this context) that Muslims have
decided not to be a part of the great revolution by making a hue and cry
through their atavistic leadership to exclude madrasas from the provisions of
the RTE Act. Nobody seems to have remarked on this collective suicide by
Muslims through their failure to cash in on this historic opportunity to get
their children decently educated!<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Since it is the duty of
the government to adhere to the spirit of Article 350A of the Constitution to
provide education to every child at the primary level in her/his mother tongue,
if it so wishes, it can easily extend this provision to the Sarva Shiksha
Abhiyan. Thus all school-going children can study in the medium of their
respective mother tongues at least in government-run schools and those whose
mother tongue is Urdu will, at least up to the age of 14, benefit from this
constitutional provision. Since this ceiling of 14 years is open to challenge
and is bound to be extended to 15 or 16 years, until these children appear in
the higher secondary examination, children whose mother tongue is Urdu (as well
as others who study in regional languages) can avail of the facility up to
Class 10. So far the activists’ concentration has been on the implementation of
the provisions of the RTE; they can now turn to other issues like reforms in
the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. As I have said, policymakers, ill advised by the
Urdu intelligentsia and Muslim leadership, have mistakenly come to the
conclusion that Urdu is a language only of culture. This is also a convenient
excuse for the government to hide behind for not undertaking the onerous task
of providing education to children of a 20-million strong community. Once a
language does not remain a functional language and is exiled from the formal
school system, it is bound to languish and eventually die. I have first-hand
experience of this and my observation is that Delhi-based institutions, by
treating Urdu superficially as a ‘language only of culture’, are sounding its
death knell. The membership of these institutions is mostly made up of
university teachers or political workers of the ruling party. Most unfortunate
in this regard is the attitude of Ms Sheila Dikshit, the Chief Minister of
Delhi and Chairperson of the Delhi Urdu Academy. Her myopia and ignorance, when
it comes to Urdu, is there for all to see. Like other political leaders, she
too has a superficial approach to Urdu, mouthing clichés such as ‘Urdu is the
finest component of the composite culture of India’ and maintaining that the
culture of Delhi can only be saved by the Delhi Urdu Academy, which has been a
dud from day one.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">It, however, needs to be
placed on record that the Honourable Chief Minister has never been well advised
on the subject of bringing about a change in official policy. Amazingly, Ms
Dikshit is also ignorant of the constitutional provisions relating to education
as she feels that the mandate of the Urdu Academy has nothing to do with Urdu
education which is the responsibility solely of the Delhi Government through
various departments like the Directorate of Education and the Municipal
Corporation of Delhi (MCD). Until now, Ms Dikshit’s attitude suggests that the
role of the Delhi Urdu Academy is just to cultivate appropriate Muslim leaders
for the benefit of the ruling party.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">The shrewd politician
that she is, whenever the issue of Urdu education in Delhi schools is raised,
it is forwarded to the Delhi Urdu Academy, even though it has no mandate in
this regard, when it should rightfully be tackled by the Directorate of
Education which is completely indifferent to Urdu. As a result there has been
no improvement in the state of Urdu education in schools run by the Delhi
Government and the state of Urdu education in Delhi’s schools is far worse than
that in UP’s schools. The UP Government is at least clear about the
institutions and personnel that have to deal with Urdu education. Let me make
it clear here that my criticism extends only to Ms Dikshit’s Urdu policy and I
will certainly cast my vote for her in the next elections too, simply because
the CPI is unlikely to come up with a candidate!<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">♦<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Some six years back, I
was nominated to the governing body of the Delhi Urdu Academy by virtue of my
article ‘The Great Urdu Fraud’, which exposed the underhand activities of the
then Director of the National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language (NCPUL),
Dr Hamidullah Bhat (who was recently removed from the service permanently
through contempt proceedings of the Delhi High Court). He lost in a PIL for
various frauds including remaining in service longer than he was actually
appointed for and was sent to jail via the CBI.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">Because of my general
cynicism, I have never been favoured for appointment to any committee which has
saved me from becoming a sarkari Musalman. Moreover, the governing body of the
Academy has no powers, except to assemble once or twice a year. The agenda at
the first meeting during my tenure included an item for the funding of Dini
madaris. While all the other members of the governing body kept quiet when Ms
Dikshit referred to this issue, I asked for permission to speak, which was
granted by the Honourable Chief Minister, who was in the Chair. I inquired
under which provision the grant to Dini madaris was being provided as it was
both illegal and unconstitutional. To this Ms Dikshit responded with great
surprise that if my contention that the matter was unconstitu-tional was
correct, then how was it that so many States were providing funding for the
purpose. By way of reply, I just passed on to her a copy of the Constitution in
which Article 27 was flagged. On going through the appropriate section, she and
the Secretary, Culture, Ms Rina Ray, were duly stumped. At that point of time,
I also gave them a copy of a letter written by none other than Syed Shahabuddin
and published in the Economic and Political Weekly on December 11, 2004, p.
5274, in response to an article by Bikramjit Dey, a historian from Oxford,
against the NCPUL under the title ‘Abuse of Urdu’ (EPW, November 27, 2004) It
says that the NCPUL was like a Shakha of the Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh (RSS).
I would, however, like to place on record here that the present Secretary and
Vice-Chairman of the Delhi Urdu Academy, Anis Azmi and Professor Akhtarul
Wasey, are most capable and deserving gentlemen, but in the absence of a
mandate, they are helpless to improve the state of Urdu education in Delhi and
unless that is done, the Delhi Urdu Academy has no relevance. When the
aforesaid incident occurred, two highly incompetent gentlemen were serving as
the Secretary and Vice-Chairman of the Academy.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">To hark back to Ms
Dikshit’s outing at the Academy, she finally told me that she was not really
aware of the constitutional position, but given the political compulsions, it
was difficult to discontinue the grant to those madrasas which were already
receiving it. But she promised that the Urdu Academy would not give any fresh
grants to madrasas. I have never subsequently tried to verify whether she kept
her promise as I thought that there was no point in proceeding further in the
matter. Till the time my term expired, I did not attend the almost worthless
and futile meetings thereafter.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">When subsequently the
search for a new Vice-Chairman of the Academy was initiated, I received a phone
call to the effect that the Chief Minister would like to see me. I sensed
something amiss, as the Chief Minister could not possibly remember a person
whom she had met only once. However after checking and reconfirmation, I put in
an appearance at her residence at the appointed hour. Five minutes after being
ushered in, the Hon’ble Chief Minister appeared in her nicely done up drawing
room. Though she welcomed me warmly, I could make out that she could not
recollect who I was. My premonition was turning out to be correct. As a
cultured person, she tactfully started a conversation to gauge why an unusual
person like me was there. After about five minutes or so of this, she abruptly
said: “But you do not look like an Urduwala.” My fault perhaps was that I was
sporting corduroy trousers and a formal shirt with appropriate footwear;
moreover I didn’t have a beard and was not chewing paan. This obviously did not
quite fit in with the mental image Ms Dikshit had of a pucca Urduwala, an image
shared by most of the English-speaking class.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">For this stereotypical
image and its damaging implications in the minds of the English-speaking elite,
the credit goes to Anita Desai’s novel In Custody, a Booker Prize winner of
1994, and a film by the same name based on the novel by Merchant Ivory directed
by Ismail Merchant. Both the novel and film project the Muslim community and
Urdu litterateurs in a highly objectionable manner and caricatured light. As
Faiz’s poetry was freely used—rather misused—in the movie, the non-Urdu
audience could have assumed, among other things, that the film was based on
Faiz’s life, a great disservice to Faiz. Our elite seem to be drawing upon
precisely such representations of the Urdu-speaking community while forming
their views and opinions.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">In case of Ms Dikshit,
who undoubtedly falls in the category of the English-speaking elite, the victim
was policy. Anyway, I politely asked about the business at hand and she told me
that two very eminent people for the first time had strongly suggested my name
so I had reasons to feel privileged. Then she added that the Secretary, Culture
(I owe my thanks to Ms Rina Ray), was of the view that I would be a fit
candidate for Vice-Chairmanship of the Delhi Urdu Academy. I sensed though that
she felt to the contrary. She asked me to send a note about myself and my
priorities if I became Vice-Chairman and said that if she did not find another
suitable (read incompetent) person, she would consider my name favourably for
some other assignment for which I am more suitable.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">She indicated her
priority that Chairmanship of a college will be the best proposition which to
me was more shocking as she has mostly nominated most incompetent Muslims as
Chairmen of different colleges. The only exception is Zakir Husain College for
the simple reason of the Khurshids’ successful political life but this is,
unfortunately, not the case of Shafiq Memorial School. She was at least honest
in saying this. I told her that I was not interested in any kind of political
affiliation or nomination but nevertheless I thanked her very sincerely for her
consideration and a nice cup of tea. It was very clear from this meeting that
for Ms Dikshit, Urdu was only an instrument for the ‘preservation of the
Culture of Delhi’ and I am sure that her idea of the same is not different from
that of In Custody. My name was included in the new committee as a Special
Invitee, which I thought was most disgraceful and meaningless. I, therefore,
did not put in an appearance at any of the iftaar parties organised by the
Academy to prove that Urdu is Muslim! To conclude, I would say that there is a
crying need to change the official approach towards Urdu, which is not possible
unless the functioning of Urdu institutions is subjected to proper public
scrutiny. I sincerely believe that Urdu is the language of both Hindus and
Muslims and has served the cause of cultural integration between them for
centuries which is not the case anymore because of the myopic policies of each
and every government in all the States and at the Centre, and more importantly
the communal Muslim politics. I hope that my views presented here serves to
nudge policy in this direction and I hope that Mainstream will publish articles
examining the approach and functioning of all the major Urdu institutions.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><i><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">(The author is a pioneer
scholar in the field of Urdu language and its education and has for long been
arguing that instead of modernising dini madrasas, the government should
provide Urdu education as part of the secular curriculum of school education. He
has written his M.Phil and Ph.D dissertations from Jawaharlal Nehru University,
New Delhi. His recent book, Muslims and Media Images, (OUP 2009) presents a
frank and no-holds-barred discussion on an important theme that has become a
victim of oversimplification. The paperback edition (2010) of the author’s
book, Redefining Urdu Politics in India, with a new Introduction argues how the
once-secular Urdu language has now been relegated to only Muslims and confined
within the realm of madrasas. It is a timely intervention in the wake of the
Right to Education Act, 2010. He can be contacted at e-mail:
<a href="mailto:farouqui@yahoo.com" target="_blank">farouqui@yahoo.com</a>)</span></i><span style="font-size:9pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:14.4pt;background:white"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif"> </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p></div><div align="left"><div style="MARGIN:0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><div style="MARGIN:0cm 0cm 0pt" class="MsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><font color="#0080ff"></font></div>
</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>**************************************<br>N.b.: Listing on the lgpolicy-list is merely intended as a service to its members<br>and implies neither approval, confirmation nor agreement by the owner or sponsor of the list as to the veracity of a message's contents. Members who disagree with a message are encouraged to post a rebuttal, and to write directly to the original sender of any offensive message. A copy of this may be forwarded to this list as well. (H. Schiffman, Moderator)<br>
<br>For more information about the lgpolicy-list, go to <a href="https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/">https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/</a><br>listinfo/lgpolicy-list<br>*******************************************<br>