<div dir="ltr"><div id="content-header">
<h1 class="">Georgia: Russia Flashes Territorial Appetite</h1>
</div>
<div id="node-67115" class=""><div class="">
<div class="">
<div class="">
<span class="">June 13, 2013 - 12:23pm</span>, by <span class=""><a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/taxonomy/term/2686">Molly Corso</a></span> </div>
<div class=""><ul class=""><li class=""><a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/resource/georgia" rel="tag" title="">Georgia</a></li><li class=""><a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/taxonomy/term/3279" rel="tag" title="Receive weekly updateson the notable eventsin Central Asia.">EurasiaNet's Weekly Digest</a></li>
<li class=""><a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/taxonomy/term/4188" rel="tag" title="">Georgian-Russian Border</a></li></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="">
<fieldset class=""><div class="">
<div class="">
<div class="">
<a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/sites/default/files/imagecache/gallery/061313_0.jpg" rel="lightshow[field_image][Georgian border guards on patrol near the Russian frontier. Two decades after independence, Georgia still lacks fully demarcated borders with Russia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. (Photo: Molly Corso)]" class=""><img src="http://www.eurasianet.org/sites/default/files/imagecache/story/061313_0.jpg" alt="Georgian border guards on patrol near the Russian frontier. Two decades after independence, Georgia still lacks fully demarcated borders with Russia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. (Photo: Molly Corso)" title="Georgian border guards on patrol near the Russian frontier. Two decades after independence, Georgia still lacks fully demarcated borders with Russia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. (Photo: Molly Corso)" height="140" width="210"></a> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="">
<div class="">
<div class="">
Georgian border guards on patrol near the Russian
frontier. Two decades after independence, Georgia still lacks fully
demarcated borders with Russia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. (Photo: Molly
Corso) </div>
</div>
</div>
</fieldset>
<p>The Greater Caucasus Mountains form a natural buffer between Russia
and Georgia. But in the absence of a border agreement between the two
states, even some of the highest peaks in Europe are not enough to
protect Georgia from the risk of Russian territorial nibbling, analysts
say.</p>
<p>The 894-kilometer-long Georgian-Russian border is largely delineated –
meaning there is a line on a map, based on Soviet-era documents, that
defines it. But that line has not been confirmed by both sides. Before <a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/node/66825" target="_blank">the 2008 war</a>
between the two states, 86 percent of the border had been agreed upon,
according to Georgia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The topic has not
been addressed since then.</p>
<p>With both sides now divided over the status of the breakaway regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia – Russia <a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav082608b.shtml" target="_blank">recognizes them as independent states</a>; Tbilisi does not – further discussion in the near future is unlikely.</p>
<p>Shota Utiashvili, the former head of the Interior Ministry’s
Analytical Department and currently an analyst at the Free University’s
Tbilisi Center for Policy Analysis, noted that over the past two years
Russian forces within South Ossetia have taken over hundreds of meters
of land, at times dividing Georgian villages in half. He called the
Russian encroachment a “danger.”</p>
<p>“[T]hey are moving this [administrative border line] to basically
wherever they please, and they are telling Georgia … ‘Let’s create a
border demarcation commission,’” he said, in reference to Russian
soldiers’ recent installation of a fence a few hundred meters inside the
Tbilisi-controlled region of Shida Kartli.</p>
<p>Meanwhile, Tbilisi State University political scientist Kornely
Kakachia described efforts to push the frontier forward as part of a
Russian campaign “to somehow propagate the idea that there is a ‘new
political reality’ … that there are the two independent states, South
Ossetia and Abkhazia.”</p>
<p>The lack of an agreement presents potential problems beyond these two
disputed territories. Since the 1991 Soviet collapse, there have been a
few border flaps involving the two countries.</p>
<p>In 1997, Russia attempted unsuccessfully to take over Larsi, now the
sole functioning Georgian-Russian land border crossing, situated in the
northeastern part of the country. A similar unsuccessful Russian push
occurred at the Mamisoni Pass, an area to the west where the
Georgian-controlled region of Racha runs up against the South Ossetian
and Russian frontiers.</p>
<p>In the past, territory near the medieval fortress village of Shatili,
several kilometers from Russia’s Chechnya, also has been under
question, while locals in the southeastern region of Tusheti, which
borders on Chechnya and Dagestan, have raised the alarm at the
appearance of Russian border guards near highland villages.</p>
<p>Kakha Kemoklidze, head of the Analytical Department at the Georgian
Ministry of Internal Affairs, which oversees Georgia’s border guards,
stressed that no major issues exist at present on the Georgian-Russian
border. At the same time, he allowed that “particular segments” could be
considered “problematic.” He declined to elaborate. Meanwhile,
representatives of the border guards did not respond to written requests
for details.</p>
<p>Demarcation has been a tricky issue for the formerly Soviet
republics. Russia and Ukraine, for example, agreed on their border just
three years ago, in 2010. And although Estonia is a member of the
European Union, its border with Russia is not yet demarcated. Central
Asian frontiers <a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/node/66432" target="_blank">remain in dispute</a> in many places.</p>
<p>For Georgia, the lack of a demarcated border is fraught with risk.</p>
<p>“One never knows how this unfinished business of
demarcation/delineation might come out as a new trigger for additional
military confrontation … given Russia’s ambitions to stop Georgia’s
sovereign development,” said Davit Darchiashvili, deputy chairperson of
the Georgian parliament’s Defense Committee. [Editor’s note:
Darchiashvili is a former director of the Open Society Georgia
Foundation, an entity in the Soros foundations network. EurasiaNet.org
operates under the auspices of the Open Society Foundations in New York,
a separate entity in the network].</p>
<p>The lack of an officially demarcated frontier means that abandoned,
highland villages like Ch’ero and Ints’okhni in Tusheti can end up
serving as a de-facto buffer zone for border guards from both sides.</p>
<p>Utiashvili, the former Interior Ministry official, stressed that the
countries’ border guards do not “share” the Tusheti villages. A Tbilisi
tour company that operates in the region confirmed to EurasiaNet.org
that the villages remain under Georgian control.</p>
<p>While reports about Russian border guards allegedly trying to seizing
strategic spots along the border have caused stirs before among
Georgians, Tbilisi is essentially powerless to prevent such acts, noted
political scientists. “How can you … demarcate a border with a power
that is a thousand times stronger than you and has a different view than
you?” asked Alexander Rondeli, the founder of Tbilisi’s Georgian
Foundation for Strategic and International Studies. “It is a big
problem, but this problem has to be solved.”</p>
<p>A special commission was created in 2006 to finalize the border
agreement, according to the Foreign Ministry. The process is also
underway with Armenia and Azerbaijan. Georgia’s only fully demarcated
border is with Turkey.</p>
<p>Although problems periodically flare up on the borders with Armenia
and Azerbaijan, they are less problematic than the border with Russia,
said Darchiashvili.</p>
<p>The Russian-Georgian situation merits close international attention,
said Ariel Cohen, a senior research fellow at the Heritage Foundation in
Washington, DC. “Borders are only as good as both sides decide to
recognize them,” Cohen noted. “If … one of the sides decided to push a
border, and the international community does not react … not only does
it put in danger the weaker power, it threatens international order in
Europe and in the world.”</p>
<div class="">
<div class="">
<div class="">
<div class="">
Editor's note: </div>
Molly Corso is a freelance journalist who also works
as editor of Investor.ge, a monthly publication by the American Chamber
of Commerce in Georgia. </div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br></div><div class="">Forwarded from Eurasianet.org<br><br><a href="http://www.eurasianet.org/node/67115?utm_source=Weekly+Digest&utm_campaign=d7a73ee598-my_google_analytics_key&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d6d0d0e55f-d7a73ee598-205692161">http://www.eurasianet.org/node/67115?utm_source=Weekly+Digest&utm_campaign=d7a73ee598-my_google_analytics_key&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_d6d0d0e55f-d7a73ee598-205692161</a><br>
</div></div><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>**************************************<br>N.b.: Listing on the lgpolicy-list is merely intended as a service to its members<br>and implies neither approval, confirmation nor agreement by the owner or sponsor of the list as to the veracity of a message's contents. Members who disagree with a message are encouraged to post a rebuttal, and to write directly to the original sender of any offensive message. A copy of this may be forwarded to this list as well. (H. Schiffman, Moderator)<br>
<br>For more information about the lgpolicy-list, go to <a href="https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/">https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/</a><br>listinfo/lgpolicy-list<br>*******************************************
</div>