<div dir="ltr"><div style>Language policy is a
sure recipe for failure
<br><br>Updated Friday, February 7th 2014 at 22:31 GMT +3
0
inShare<br><br> By Ken Opalo
Several months ago, I wrote in this page about how hard it is to develop
and successfully implement public policy. One of the arguments I
advanced then was for the government to develop the habit of data-driven
policy development and analysis. Those calls fell on deaf ears. Day in
day out the government continues to engage in jua kali policymaking. The
latest instance of this is the education ministry’s directive that
Kenyan pupils under the age of eight be taught in mother tongue.
Now, there is nothing wrong in giving value to our languages and the
cultures they embody by teaching them in schools. Indeed, one can argue
that we will only be truly decolonised the day we start learning about
our history, culture and the natural world we occupy in our own local
languages as opposed to what President Jomo Kenyatta called “colonial
languages.”
That said there is also a lot of evidence against teaching young Kenyans
in their mother tongues. First is the question of standards and equal
access to quality education. Income inequality and access to education
in Kenya overlaps to a significant degree with ethnicity. What this
means for the new policy is that historically wealthier groups with more
access to education will have better vernacular teachers than the rest
of the country.
Smaller, poorer ethnic groups will be at a great disadvantage in this
regard. More broadly, the proposed system is guaranteed to confine
poorer children without access to English instruction at the bottom of
the academic ladder after Standard Three. Is this what we want for our
children? Second, a lot of research shows that the first few years of
schooling are critical for pupils’ academic development and achievement.
In other words, students with a firm pre-primary education tend to do
very well in school. Here in Kenya we seem to be actively fighting
against this reality. By laying the groundwork for a shaky academic
beginning for our children, we are dooming them to failure after they
stop being taught in their mother tongues.
If this boneheaded policy gets implemented, Kenya will find itself
saddled with thousands of Standard Three pupils who cannot read or
write. And given the challenges that our education system faces,
majority of these pupils will not catch up. In other words, the Ministry
of Education is condemning hundreds of thousands of Kenyan children to a
future of academic underachievement. How otherwise sane people are
letting this happen is absolutely mind-boggling.
Third, there is the question of national cohesion.
Negative ethnicity is one of the millstones that continue to weight us
down as a nation. How will the new educational directive affect the way
we see ourselves? Aren’t we priming future Kenyans to think of
themselves firstly as members of their ethnic groups and only secondly
as Kenyans?
To see the potential impact of the ministry of education’s directive, we
need not go far. Our neighbor to the south, Tanzania, has had a policy
of mixed language instruction. There, students in lower classes are
taught almost exclusively in Kiswahili and only later on does English
get introduced as a language of instruction. The result? Massive failure
rates in high school national exams. A lot of reasons may explain
Tanzania’s high failure rates, but language policy is certainly up there
as a cause. This is what Kenya is trying to do to its students, albeit
on a more circumscribed scale. Is this what we want for our children?
If we want to compete with the best in the world we have to pull up our
socks. Our public officials must take public policy development and
implementation seriously. The culture of jua kali policy development
must stop. Before we implement policies that will have a material impact
on the lives of millions of Kenyans we ought to think them through.
Otherwise we shall keep moving in circles, and will continue to confine
millions of our people to lives marked by underachievement and material
want.
Public policy development is hard. Those who go about it without serious
thought are charlatans that do not belong in the public service. Their
continued employment at the expense of the taxpayer is a gross failure
of our political leadership. We should definitely think of ways of
preserving our diverse languages and the cultural riches they embody. We
should also strive to ensure that our kids get the best education
possible.
The sad truth, however, is that neither objective can be achieved by
implementing a policy as boneheaded as the proposed language policy from
the Ministry of Education.
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