<div dir="ltr"><h1>Sanskrit or German? A row over foreign languages in India's schools</h1>
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German Chancellor Angela Merkel has spoken to India's PM Narendra Modi
about his order that state schools stop teaching German as a foreign
language. The move is designed to promote more traditional Indian
languages.
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<p>
India's government has ordered a state-run school association to stop
offering German as a language option for its more than a million
students and focus on promoting more traditional languages such as
Sanskrit instead.</p>
<p>
The country's government gave the order to the Kendriya Vidyalaya
Sangathan (KVS), or the Central School Organization, on Saturday,
November 15. Human Resource Development Minister Smriti Irani told the
Indian Express newspaper the decision was made in "the national
interest," and that young people could continue to study German as a
hobby for no academic credit. The organization has 1,092 schools across
India, for the children of army officials and government staff.</p>
<p>
<strong>Local vs foreign</strong></p>
<p>
The announcement throws exam preparations into chaos, with 68,000
students in grades six to eight due to sit exams in less than three
months. The students will be asked in the coming days if they wish to
switch from learning German. The KVS says it will be providing
counseling and extra support to those directly affected by the change.</p>
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<img src="http://www.dw.de/image/0,,18068790_404,00.jpg" alt="Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and German Chancellor Angela Merkel" title="German chancellor Merkel raised the issue with Indian PM Modi when the two met on the sidelines of the G20 summit" height="191" width="340" border="0">
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<p>German chancellor Merkel raised the issue with Indian PM Modi when the two met on the sidelines of the G20 summit</p>
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However privately-run schools will continue to be free to provide a range of foreign languages, including German.</p>
<p>
India's government promotes a "three-language policy," designed to
encourage schools to teach students Hindi, English and "an Indian
language" such as Sanskrit. But many schools have allowed students to
study another foreign language such as German in place of Hindi or
Sanskrit, while schools in non-Hindi speaking regions generally teach on
a "two-language policy" basis, ignoring Hindi altogether.</p>
<p>
The alleged violation of the national educational curriculum was
uncovered in October, when a 2011 memorandum signed by the KVS and the
Goethe Institute came up for renewal. Indian Minister Irani says an
investigation has now been opened into how this agreement originally
came to be, calling it illegal.</p>
<p>
Prior to this, India's Sanskrit Teachers Association (SSS) had begun
legal action in Delhi's High Court, saying the continued allowance of
German in the school curriculum went against national education policy.
The group also described the teaching of foreign languages in Indian
schools as "a Western conspiracy."</p>
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<p>
<strong>More options for students</strong></p>
<p>
On Sunday, German Chancellor Angela Merkel raised the issue with India's
Prime Minister Narendra Modi when the two met on the sidelines of the
G20 summit in Brisbane, Australia.</p>
<p>
Following the meeting India's foreign ministry spokesman Syed Akbaruddin
said although no decisions had been made, Modi had made it clear his
first priority was the students.</p>
<p>
"Indian PM Narendra Modi assured German Chancellor Angela Merkel that he
would look into the matter. Modi told Merkel that he wanted Indian
children to have the chance to learn as many languages as possible,"
said Akbaruddin.</p>
<p>
On Monday, November 17, German Ambassador Michael Steiner said while he
understood the motivation behind the government's announcement, he hoped
it would consider letting German remain as a foreign language option.</p>
<p>
"There is no harm in learning the Sanskrit language as it is an integral
part of the Indian culture and society. But if the Indian students want
to learn a modern language to improve their professional prospects,
they should be given the opportunity," he told DW.</p>
<p>
<strong>Language politics</strong></p>
<p>
The ruling Bharatiya Janata Party has been pushing for Sanskrit to play a
bigger role in Indian society. Although he can speak some English,
Prime Minister Modi speaks almost exclusively in Hindi, a controversial
action for some in a country where English is one of the official
languages.</p>
<p>
Though in the most recent national census only 14,000 people identified
Sanskrit as their primary language, it is considered the root of many of
the country's more than 20 official languages, and is particularly
important in Hinduism.</p>
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