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<h1>Mother tongues test the justice system</h1>
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December 11 2014 at 06:24pm <br>
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<p>A magistrate has highlighted the difficulties of fixing a language policy for South Africa’s courts, writes Carmel Rickard. </p>
<p>A magistrate who opted to conduct a case entirely in Zulu has
highlighted the difficulties of fixing a language policy for South
Africa’s courts. But it has also shed light on new steps to deal with
the problem. </p>
<p>The magistrate, not named in the high court judgment that brought the
matter to light, works in Mahlabathini in northern KwaZulu-Natal. </p>
<p>He presided in the trial of Phathumuzi Damani, convicted him of
assault and gave him a suspended sentence. But when this case was sent
to the High Court in Pietermaritzburg on automatic review, it became far
more interesting. </p>
<p>As in all such review cases, the judges had to decide whether the
proceedings accorded with justice. In one line at the end of their
judgment, Judges Simon Ndlovu and Zaba Philip Nkosi made this
certification. The rest of the judgment was taken up with the fact that
the trial was conducted in Zulu. </p>
<p>Judge Ndlovu noted that it remained “uncertain” whether an accused or
a court could insist on a particular official language being used
during proceedings, or whether English or Afrikaans always had to be the
official language of record. </p>
<p>It’s a dilemma raised before. For example in 2003, Judge James
Yekiso, sitting in the High Court in Cape Town, also dealt with a matter
on automatic review from the magistrate’s court. In that case, no
interpreters were available to translate for an Xhosa-speaking accused. </p>
<p>As the prosecutor and magistrate were both also Xhosa speakers,
however, the case went ahead on the basis that everyone involved would
speak this language and no interpreters would be needed. </p>
<p>In his review of that case, Judge Yekiso commented on the delays and
the huge costs involved if an accused could demand that a trial be
conducted in a particular language. </p>
<p>Has anything changed in the 11 years since then? </p>
<p>The unnamed magistrate in this week’s case said he conducted the
whole trial in Zulu as it was the language of “99.9%” of accused in
those courts as well as the magistrate, the prosecutor, the complainant
and Damani. In addition, the constitution called for equality of all 11
official languages. </p>
<p>Judge Ndlovu said it was a constitutional ideal for courts to
operate in the predominant language of an area, although it is still
seemed impracticable. But in preparing his judgment, he was given a
report on a pilot project started in 2008 by the government “to promote
the use of indigenous languages” in courts. </p>
<p>Among several difficulties experienced were that magistrates,
prosecutors and defence counsel found difficulty in “articulating legal
terminology in Zulu, including quotation from statues and legal
precedents”. </p>
<p>Another difficulty, experienced first-hand by judges Ndlovu, Nkosi
and Yekiso, was the delays in transcribing court records into English
for review or appeal. </p>
<p>Faced with all these challenges, the pilot project came to a halt. </p>
<p>In June this year, however, the chief magistrates forum released a
report indicating that the director-general of the Department of Justice
and Constitutional Development had ordered that the “indigenous
language courts” be revived in all provinces. </p>
<p>Three months ago, the chief magistrates recommended that the chief
justice should also find out if the Department of Justice had provided
proper structures for “adequately and timeously’ transcribing and
translating into English, proceedings recorded in any of the nine
indigenous languages. </p>
<p>Judge Ndlovu said efforts to reach the constitutional goal of
parity between all the languages was a noble idea, but that it should be
done in a way that didn’t cause delays. </p>
<p>Without structures in place for quickly transcribing court records,
appeals cases would inevitably be delayed with “dire consequences”. </p>
<p>Until these problems were sorted out, magistrates shouldn’t try to go it on their own, he said. </p>
<p>* Carmel Rickard is a legal affairs specialist. Email <a href="mailto:carmelr@iafrica.com">carmelr@iafrica.com</a> or visit <a href="http://www.tradingplaces2night.co.za">www.tradingplaces2night.co.za</a> <br></p><p><a href="http://www.iol.co.za/mercury/mother-tongues-test-the-justice-system-1.1794399#.VIsUJXt8PIU">http://www.iol.co.za/mercury/mother-tongues-test-the-justice-system-1.1794399#.VIsUJXt8PIU</a><br></p><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature">**************************************<br>N.b.: Listing on the lgpolicy-list is merely intended as a service to its members<br>and implies neither approval, confirmation nor agreement by the owner or sponsor of the list as to the veracity of a message's contents. Members who disagree with a message are encouraged to post a rebuttal, and to write directly to the original sender of any offensive message. A copy of this may be forwarded to this list as well. (H. Schiffman, Moderator)<br><br>For more information about the lgpolicy-list, go to <a href="https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/">https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/</a><br>listinfo/lgpolicy-list<br>*******************************************</div>
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