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<div id="gabfire_share_widget-7" class=""><div class=""><h1 class="" style="font-size:20px;line-height:26px;padding:5px 0px 0px;margin:0px 0px 5px;font-family:Georgia,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Birhanemeskel Abebe Segni:- Top Ten Reasons Why Afan Oromo Should Be the Federal Working Language in Ethiopia</h1>
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<p style="margin:0.5em 0px 1.5em 0em;font-size:12px;border-bottom:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);border-top:1px solid rgb(204,204,204)">Posted: Bitootessa/March 4, <strong><span class=""></span></strong></p>
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<p><strong>By Birhanemeskel Abebe Segni*</strong></p>
<p>Nowhere in the world has the government of the country refused to
speak the language of the majority of its people. It is weird,
unthinkable, unjust, undemocratic, immoral, and absolutely unacceptable.
Ethiopia is all of these. The Ethiopian Federal Government and two of
its largest cities do not speak the language of the majority of the
people, Afan Oromo.</p><p> This is a preliminary outline to say the obvious:
make Afan Oromo legally and unconditionally the Working Language of the
Federal Government of Ethiopia and the two largest cities of Addis Ababa
and Dire Dawa.</p>
<p>Here are the top ten reasons why:</p>
<p>1. <strong>Demographic</strong> reasons: Afan Oromo, the language of
the Oromo people, is the single most widely spoken language in Ethiopia
and the fourth largest African language in terms of the number and size
of speakers. It is spoken in at least three countries outside Ethiopia.
Although statistical data may vary, about 50% of the Ethiopian
population is estimated to speak Afan Oromo. In comparison, only about
29.1% of the entire population of Ethiopia speaks Amharic, the legally
imposed Official Language of the Federal Government, and the two largest
cities of Dire Dawa and Addis Ababa. Given this demographic weight, it
is unjust, undemocratic, and discriminatory, to say the least, not to
use the language of the majority of the people as the Working Language
of this multinational and multilingual country.</p>
<p>2. <strong>Geographic</strong> reasons: All of the segregationist
entities, including the Federal Government, the Addis Ababa City
Administration and the Dire Dawa City Administration, are based in and
hosted in the Afan Oromo-speaking State of Oromia. Yet, due to the
discriminatory and exclusionary Amharic only language policy, the
federal government institutions and these two large cities do not speak
the language of the host people and the host state. These entities,
which feel like occupying forces rather than governing forces, cannot
continue as an Amharic-speaking island in the middle of the sea of Afan
Oromo-speaking population while fully relying on the resources of the
Oromo people for their existence, including food, water, electricity,
ports, waste disposals and roads – at a very high human, financial and
environmental costs to the Oromo people and the State of Oromia.</p>
<p>3. <strong>Unity</strong> of the country as a reason: The
exclusionary Amharic-only language policy is the antithesis of the
multilingual and multicultural nature of Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Federal
Government and the two segregationist cities under its administration
have an urgent civic duty, if they care, to abolish this divisive and
dangerous policy that undermines the equality, mutual respect and
peaceful coexistence of the people. Ethiopia cannot continue as a united
whole with its current segregationist policy – which benefits one
segment of the population while fully excluding the other segment of the
population.</p>
<p>4. <strong>Economic and job opportunities</strong>. This
segregationist and exclusionary Amharic-only language policy of the
federal government and the two largest cities (Addis Ababa and Dire
Dawa) have fully and completely excluded Afan Oromo speakers from all
federal, municipal, corporate, and private jobs as well as all economic
and business opportunities, including the right to do business and live
in these jurisdictions unless one speaks Amharic. All employees of the
Federal Government and these two largest cities are 100% Amharic
speakers. Less than 10% of ethnic Oromos, who have been assimilated into
Amharic-speakers, are presently employed both by the federal government
institutions and by these two segregationist cities. Even worse, none
of the federal government offices and offices of these two cities,
including hospitals, businesses and all other service providers, provide
translation services for Afan Oromo-speaking customers and users. Yet,
Afan Oromo speakers and their State, Oromia, is the economic backbone
and major sources of exports and tax-revenues for the Federal Government
and the two segregationist cities.</p>
<p>5. <strong>Representational</strong> reasons: The Ethiopian Federal
Government institutions and its bureaucracies, and the two major cities
of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, have legally excluded Afan Oromo speakers
by adopting Amharic as their only Working Language. Under this
condition, it is very hard to either say Afan Oromo speakers are
represented in the Federal Government and these two cities, or to say
that the Federal Government and these two cities represent the Afan
Oromo speakers. The ruthless Amharic-speaking ethnic Oromo political
appointees the government and these two cities flag as representatives
of the Afan Oromo speakers are outlaws who don’t even represent
themselves. Even the percentage of the assimilated, i.e. culturally and
linguistically disconnected, ethnic Oromos employees in Ethiopian
federal institutions, and the institutions of these two major cities, as
a whole is less than 10%. This is in a country where the Oromo people
constitute more than 40% of the total population.</p>
<p>6. <strong>Legitimacy</strong> reasons: The government that does not
speak the language of the people it claims to govern neither it does
speak for that people nor it does legitimately represent the interests
of that people. For the Ethiopian government to be considered a
legitimate representative of the Afan Oromo-speaking population, it must
speak Afan Oromo and be the representatives of the interests of the
Afan Oromo speakers at all levels of its institutions, not just in
nominal political appointee positions and portfolios.</p>
<p>7. <strong>Justice, Equality, Equity and Fairness</strong> reasons:
Justice, equality, equity and fairness demand equal opportunity and
equal treatment of Afan Oromo speakers on the same basis as the
Amharic-speaking segment of the population. The Amharic-only language
policy of the federal government and the two segregationist cities have
completely left the Afan Oromo-speaking population outside all economic,
social, religious and educational institutional frameworks – creating a
country where close to half of its population lives in subhuman
situations, without any single institution of their own. The Ethiopian
Federal Government and these two largest cities must not only
immediately abolish this unjust, discriminatory and apartheid language
policy, but also invest financial and human resources to create Afan
Oromo economic, religious, cultural and educational institutions; and
adopt economic empowerment policies that will remedy and address the
historical injustice Afan Oromo speakers had passed through and are
passing through right now.</p>
<p>8. <strong>Multilingualism</strong> to create bond among various
nations and nationalities: The Amharic-only policy – that was intended
to assimilate over 80% of the Ethiopian population into the
Amharic-speaking few or exclude them from the political, economic,
religious, and social structure and institutional fabrics of the
Ethiopian state – has created a very racist and hateful group which does
not accept and respect the equality of various nations, nationalities,
languages, and various ethnic identities. This dangerous policy has now
lent legitimacy to the development of racist and hate groups which claim
to struggle for the ‘unity of Ethiopia in the name of this Amharic-only
language policy’ to openly discriminate, propagate hatred towards
non-Amharic speakers, and even issue racist political manifestos in a
way that will destroy the social bond among various nations and
nationalities of Ethiopia. The main targets of these hate and racist
groups – which have been incubated and developed through this
Amharic-only racist and bigotry policy – are the Afan Oromo-speaking
population of Ethiopia.</p>
<p>9. <strong>One language and one ethnic hegemony policies will kill Ethiopia</strong>:
Diverse and pluralistic Ethiopia can only stand on the acceptance of
the policy of unity through diversity. The two most important challenges
that work against this most important policy presumption to keep
diverse and united Ethiopia are the effort to create one ethnic
hegemonic country and the Amharic-only language policies. These are two
equally cancerous and terminal policies that will kill Ethiopia.
Ethiopia will only continue to exist on the multinational and
multilingual federal structure – where mutual respect and peaceful
coexistence of its multiple nations and nationalities are protected and
respected by institutionalizing constitutional system of governance
where fair economic power- and political power-sharing mechanism are
legally established. Making Afan Oromo the Working Language of the
federal government and the two largest cities will open the door to save
this sick and disabled country that now operates with less than one
third of its potentials.</p>
<p>10. <strong>Language as a core factor in Human Development</strong>:
The only means and avenue through which any human society could produce,
develop, exchange and disseminate knowledge and information for
self-actualization, economic and social development is language. The
Ethiopian Federal Government and the two segregationist cities of Addis
Ababa and Dire Dawa have denied the Afan Oromo-speaking population of
Ethiopia this fundamental, inalienable and basic right through their
Amharic-only policy. No wonder Ethiopia is the tail of the world and at
the very bottom in the Human Development Index of the United Nations.</p>
<p>As a conscientious member of the Afan Oromo- speaking society, and
because of the above listed reasons and so many others, I call upon the
Ethiopian government to immediately and unconditionally abolish the
Amharic-only language policy and make Afan Oromo the Working Language of
the Ethiopian Federal Government and the two largest cities of Addis
Ababa and Dire Dawa.</p>
<p><em>* <a href="http://finfinnetribune.com/Gadaa/category/articles/birhanemeskel-abebe-segni/">Birhanemeskel Abebe Segni</a>
is an Attorney & Counselor at Law, and a former Legal Affairs
Advisor in the Permanent Mission of Ethiopia to the United Nations.</em></p>
<p><img src="http://finfinnetribune.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/TopTenReasons2015_2.jpg" alt="TopTenReasons2015_2" class="" height="654" width="823"></p></div></div></div><a href="http://gadaa.com/oduu/26742/2015/03/04/birhanemeskel-abebe-segni-top-ten-reasons-why-afan-oromo-should-be-the-federal-working-language-in-ethiopia/">http://gadaa.com/oduu/26742/2015/03/04/birhanemeskel-abebe-segni-top-ten-reasons-why-afan-oromo-should-be-the-federal-working-language-in-ethiopia/</a><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature">**************************************<br>N.b.: Listing on the lgpolicy-list is merely intended as a service to its members<br>and implies neither approval, confirmation nor agreement by the owner or sponsor of the list as to the veracity of a message's contents. Members who disagree with a message are encouraged to post a rebuttal, and to write directly to the original sender of any offensive message. A copy of this may be forwarded to this list as well. (H. Schiffman, Moderator)<br><br>For more information about the lgpolicy-list, go to <a href="https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/">https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/</a><br>listinfo/lgpolicy-list<br>*******************************************</div>
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