<div dir="ltr"><h1 class="">Undermining Official Languages Policy</h1>
<p><em><strong>By Lionel Guruge</strong></em></p>
<div><a href="http://www.thesundayleader.lk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/122.gif"><img class="" title="12" src="http://www.thesundayleader.lk/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/122.gif" alt="" height="292" width="495"></a>The
2015 Presidential election concluded with an unprecedented majority of
Tamil and Muslim voters casting their vote against the former President
Mahinda Rajapaksa and choosing Maithripala Sirisena. One of the main
themes around that election was the establishment of national unity and
religious harmony.</div>
<p>Maithripala Sirisena voiced that whilst there had been development in
infrastructure facilities in the North, nothing tangible has happened
to heal the wounded hearts of the people in that region, following the
end of the war which had lasted almost 30 years. He pledged to focus the
attention of his government to finding solutions to the problems faced
by Tamils and Muslims.</p>
<p>The Tamil National Alliance and other parties commended the
replacement of the military official who held the position of Governor
in the Northern and Eastern provinces with civil administrative
officials.</p>
<p>However, it is apparent that certain sections of the government behave in a manner detrimental to national amity.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Barriers to reconciliation</strong></p>
<p>For example, pre 2015 there was a separate ministry known as the
Ministry of National Languages and Social Integration and Vasudeva
Nanayakkara was the Ministry in charge. With the new government assuming
office, the Ministry of National Languages and Social Integration has
been dismantled and the functions that came under that Ministry have
been assigned to the Ministry of Public Administration, Local
Government, Provincial Councils and Buddha Sasana of which the Minister
is Karu Jayasuriya.</p>
<p>The Ministry of National Languages and Social Integration was
established under Gazette Notification 1681/.3 of 25.11.2010. The
Department of Official Languages, the Official Languages Commission and
the National Institute of Language Education Training (NILET) functioned
under this Ministry. Even though Vasudeva Nanayakkara did not receive
sufficient funds to carry out the mandate of the Ministry, it is
acknowledged that he managed to fulfill functions expected of the
Ministry to a commendable level. Of note are the determined attempts to
implement Official Languages Policy and the trilingual training
programmes conducted within government institutions.</p>
<p>It is widely agreed that the one of the main reasons that led to the
protracted war in the country was the issue of language inequality. The
Ministry however implemented a number of provisions that facilitated
Tamil speakers to communicate and be served in their mother tongue. What
was expected from the incumbent government was to facilitate the
further expansion of such activities.</p>
<p>A hotline, number 1956 was introduced by the Ministry for lodging
complaints about violation of the people’s language rights. Though there
were admittedly shortcomings in taking down the complaints and
initiating action on them, this was a timely move.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Official Language Commission </strong></p>
<p>The Colombo-centric nature of the Official Languages Commission in
which people had to travel to Colombo to seek justice on matters of
Language Policy, prompted the Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Report
(LLRC) to recommend the establishment of district offices. The
government should have put in place a mechanism to implement the LLRC
recommendations. However, the Commissioners to the Official Languages
Commission have not been appointed to date resulting in a dysfunctional
situation. Even though the functions of the Ministry of National
Languages and Social Integration fall within the ambit of the Central
government, a number of institutions coming under it belong to the
provincial councils. Therefore it is advisable to devolve the subjects
and functions of the Ministry of National Languages and Social
Integration to the provincial councils. There should be public dialogue
on this.</p>
<p>More than 2000 language societies have been formed under the Ministry
of National Languages. Significant progress was made by these language
societies with civil society organisations towards the promotion of the
language rights of the people.</p>
<p>They also worked to protect the language rights of the people with
the language societies that functioned in the Northern and Eastern
provinces as well as to implement a bilingual policy in an environment
of understanding through teaching Sinhala and Tamil languages,
discussions with state institutions and creating awareness. Whereas this
mechanism should in fact be strengthened, the present government has
failed to take steps towards the maintenance of these languages
societies and the language classes are no longer functional; bringing
the subjects of public administration, local government, provincial
councils and Buddha Sasana under one Ministry has crippled the
functioning of the Ministry of National Languages and Social
Integration. This is inappropriate for a government which shows good
governance to be a main objective.</p>
<p>The Minister of National languages and Social Integration had a
policy of inviting civil society activists and independent
intelligentsia to the Ministry every other month to a discussion on the
progress of the implementation of the Official Languages Policy, issues
and new proposals. This review was a very important step forward as it
saw the direct involvement of the Minister. Unfortunately that has all
come to a standstill now.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Chanting peace and co existence </strong></p>
<p>Social integration can be achieved through a programme committed to
its objective. That objective cannot be achieved by merely chanting
phrases “peace” and “co existence” day in and day out. It calls for a
practical programme.</p>
<p>The Ministry of National Languages and Social Integration should have
been allowed to implement a cohesive programme which brings together
provisions relating to languages, notices, recommendations of the LLRC
and the judgments of cases involving language rights in a conducive
environment. That would have been the path to reconciliation.</p>
<p>It is vital that the new President and the government, having kindled
fresh hopes in the minds of Muslim and Tamil people, not to mention the
Sinhala community, to be more sensitive to the proper implementation of
the language policy as a preliminary step towards national unity and
reconciliation. War has no winner and its first victim is humanity.
Triumphalism is an obstacle to genuine reconciliation; this is what
leads to the Tamil in the North viewing the Sinhala in the south with
suspicion, and vice versa. What is most important is to heal the wounded
hearts of war affected people and bring back the togetherness of the
people in the north and the south, which was shattered due to the
harrowing experiences of the conflict. Seeds of change need to be
planted within hearts.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Culture and arts </strong></p>
<p>Therefore, it is a first responsibility of the government to put in
place a mechanism committed to solving issues surrounding languages and
establishing national reconciliation. This can be done through the media
of culture and literature which has a magical power of revitalizing the
lives of Sinhala and Tamil people.</p>
<p>The drama traditions such as “Kooththu” which the Tamil people in the
North heralded as their own have been submerged by South Indian
Commercial art which has today become the main mode of aesthetic
enjoyment of the people therein. The responsibility of the Ministry of
Culture should be to identify the cultural and artistic heritage of the
people in the North and promote it. Culture and Arts can play a large
role in establishing national unity. The twin aspects of ensuring the
language rights of the people and a cultural revival should take place
together. The government should given priority to establishing a
ministry with an independent mandate towards cultural and social revival
that can take responsibility relating to official language and social
integration.</p>
<p>These subjects should be devolved to the provincial councils as well.
That will certainly act as a bridge bringing the north and the south
closer.</p><p><a href="http://www.thesundayleader.lk/2015/03/22/undermining-official-languages-policy/">http://www.thesundayleader.lk/2015/03/22/undermining-official-languages-policy/</a><br></p><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature">**************************************<br>N.b.: Listing on the lgpolicy-list is merely intended as a service to its members<br>and implies neither approval, confirmation nor agreement by the owner or sponsor of the list as to the veracity of a message's contents. Members who disagree with a message are encouraged to post a rebuttal, and to write directly to the original sender of any offensive message. A copy of this may be forwarded to this list as well. (H. Schiffman, Moderator)<br><br>For more information about the lgpolicy-list, go to <a href="https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/">https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/</a><br>listinfo/lgpolicy-list<br>*******************************************</div>
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