<div dir="ltr"><h1 class="">‘Pakistani’ — a united language for a divided country</h1><div class=""><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?m2w&s=100&p[title]=%E2%80%98Pakistani%E2%80%99%20%E2%80%94%20a%20united%20language%20for%20a%20divided%20country&p[summary]=Creating%20a%20new%20language%20%E2%80%94%20%E2%80%98Pakistani%E2%80%99%20%E2%80%94%20will%20be%20representative%20of%20all%20Pakistanis&p[url]=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F985881%2Fpakistani-a-united-language-for-a-divided-country%2F&p[images][0]=http%3A%2F%2Fi1.tribune.com.pk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F11%2F985881-DrAhmarMahboob-1446740483.JPG%20" class=""><span class=""></span>Share</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F985881%2Fpakistani-a-united-language-for-a-divided-country%2F&text=%E2%80%98Pakistani%E2%80%99%20%E2%80%94%20a%20united%20language%20for%20a%20divided%20country" class=""><span class=""></span>Tweet </a></div><div class=""><div id="id-985881" class=""><h1 class=""><a href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/985881/pakistani-a-united-language-for-a-divided-country/">‘Pakistani’ — a united language for a divided country</a></h1><div class=""><div class="">By <a href="http://tribune.com.pk/author/6136/dr-ahmar-mahboob/" title="Posts by Dr Ahmar Mahboob">Dr Ahmar Mahboob</a></div><div class="" title="2015-11-05T18:04:01 GMT">Published: November 5, 2015</div></div><div id="socialshare"><div class=""><span class="">317</span><span class="">SHARES</span></div> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?m2w&s=100&p[title]=%E2%80%98Pakistani%E2%80%99%20%E2%80%94%20a%20united%20language%20for%20a%20divided%20country&p[summary]=Creating%20a%20new%20language%20%E2%80%94%20%E2%80%98Pakistani%E2%80%99%20%E2%80%94%20will%20be%20representative%20of%20all%20Pakistanis&p[url]=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F985881%2Fpakistani-a-united-language-for-a-divided-country%2F&p[images][0]=http%3A%2F%2Fi1.tribune.com.pk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F11%2F985881-DrAhmarMahboob-1446740483.JPG%20" class=""><span class=""></span>Share</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F985881%2Fpakistani-a-united-language-for-a-divided-country%2F&text=%E2%80%98Pakistani%E2%80%99%20%E2%80%94%20a%20united%20language%20for%20a%20divided%20country" class=""><span class=""></span>Tweet </a> <a href="http://tribune.com.pk/email/985881/pakistani-a-united-language-for-a-divided-country/" class=""><span class="ma"></span>Email</a></div><div class=""><div class=""><div class=""> <img src="http://i1.tribune.com.pk/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/985881-DrAhmarMahboob-1446740483-500-640x480.JPG" alt="The writer earned his PhD at Indiana University, Bloomington. He is currently Senior Lecturer at the University of Sydney and has worked in the areas of language policy development and issues surrounding minority languages in South Asia
" height="469" width="625"></div><p class=""> The writer earned
his PhD at Indiana University, Bloomington. He is currently Senior
Lecturer at the University of Sydney and has worked in the areas of
language policy development and issues surrounding minority languages in
South Asia</p></div><p>A country deeply divided on ethno-linguistic
lines, Pakistan is in dire need to reconsider its policies towards
language if it hopes to survive and thrive as a unified national entity.
Currently, Pakistan is a country that does not have any
‘Pakistani’-speaking people; instead, it is a country where people see
themselves and others as Balochi-speaking, Hindko-speaking,
Punjabi-speaking, Pashto-speaking, Sindhi-speaking, Seraiki-speaking and
Urdu-speaking, etc. Our ethnic languages separate us. And while Urdu,
as a national language, is used in most parts of the county, the idea
that it has been successful in uniting us as a nation is a controversial
one. To create a unified national identity, we need a language that
brings us all together.</p><p><strong><a href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/973567/linguistic-battle-sla-to-fight-for-sindhis-official-educational-use/" target="_blank">Linguistic battle: SLA to fight for Sindhi’s official, educational use</a></strong></p><p><img alt="" src="http://i1.tribune.com.pk/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Developing-a-well-thought.jpg"></p><p>One
way of doing this might be by creating a new language — ‘Pakistani’.
This new language will draw on the already established languages in the
country and integrate features from all other languages currently used
in Pakistan (including English). Thus, while it will be a new language
in how it integrates features of all Pakistani languages into one and
how it is used for various purposes, it will be built on languages that
Pakistanis already use and are familiar with. In this way, it will be
representative of all Pakistanis.</p><p>Creating and developing
languages (or aspects of languages) for national unity and/or national
development is not a new thing. China, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia and
Turkey, among other countries, have all engaged in considerable language
development and planning work in recent times to help with national
development. Filipino, the national language of the Philippines, for
example, was only created after a policy decision in the early 1970s.
The Philippines, like Pakistan, is a post-colonial, multilingual,
developing country where people have a strong sense of attachment to
their languages. By replacing Tagalog with a newly created Filipino
language, which integrated features from local languages, the government
was able to get past a number of stumbling blocks and accusations of
privileging people from a particular ethnicity/region. Although there
are some issues and controversies in relation to Filipino, these are
being addressed as the language develops; Article XIV of their 1987
Constitution states that “as Filipino evolves, it shall be further
developed and enriched on the basis of existing Philippine and other
languages”. In addition, while Filipino is being strengthened, the
Philippines government recognises all indigenous languages and has laws
in place to promote these through their use in education (through what
is known as mother-tongue-based multilingual education, MTB-MLE).</p><p><strong><a href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/971362/promoting-urdu-urdu-literati-off-to-istanbul-university/" target="_blank">Promoting Urdu: Urdu literati off to Istanbul University</a></strong></p><p>The
Philippines provide one of many examples that the Pakistani government
can learn from. Language policy and planning can play an instrumental
role in creating national unity and aiding national development. Urdu
was selected to fulfill this role at the time of the creation of
Pakistan. However, it unfortunately has not been very successful in
doing so. The Urdu-Bengali controversy, while not the main cause of the
separation of East Pakistan, played an important symbolic role in the
creation of Bangladesh. Even today, there are groups and communities in
Pakistan that choose not to use Urdu. This reflects a failure of
successive governments to build a national identity through and around
Urdu. Court orders on language use, while symbolic, are not sufficient
to deal with the underlying linguistic issues that the country faces.</p><p>While
we can lament and criticise people and groups for not accepting Urdu,
such rhetoric does not help resolve the issues. Given the sensitivities
and politics around language, governments prefer not to deal with
language-related issues. However, instead of brushing aside or ignoring
these issues, the government needs to tackle them head on by developing a
well-researched and appropriately resourced language policy. Developing
a well-thought out national language policy may reduce a number of
current language-based sensitivities, divisions, politics and issues. In
addition to decreasing ethno-linguistic conflicts, a good language
policy can also have numerous economic, educational, health, legal,
social, and other benefits. It is beyond the scope of this article to
discuss all of these here, but readers may be interested in looking at
the Lahore Declaration on Language Sciences and the Developing World (<a href="https://www.academia.edu/2491683/Language_Sciences_and_the_Developing_World" target="_blank"><i>https://www.academia.edu/2491683/Language_Sciences_and_the_Developing_World</i></a>).</p><p>It
needs to be noted that the recommendation to create a new language here
is contrary to current proposals presented by some other Pakistani
linguists who recommend the dividing up of provinces based along
linguistic lines (creating a Seraiki-speaking province, for example).
Such recommendations, while appearing to be responding to current
sentiments and attitudes, are arguably ones that will take us further
down the road of disintegration and disunity. Instead of building unity,
such recommendations endorse and strengthen ethno-linguistic divides.
If we create language-based provinces for the larger regional languages
today, we will have smaller regional language-based groups asking for
greater autonomy tomorrow. If new provinces need to be created, then we
need strong administrative reasons for this, not linguistic.</p><p><strong><a href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/983439/official-language-cant-switch-overnight-says-saad/" target="_blank">Official language: Can’t switch overnight, says Saad</a></strong></p><p>The
recommendation made in this article, the need to create ‘Pakistani’, is
an approach that aims to unify the people and to allay language-based
misgivings and mistrust. This is because ‘Pakistani’ will draw on and
reflect the linguistic practices and behaviours of the diverse peoples
of the country; it will belong to all Pakistanis and not a particular
group. As a ‘new’ language, it will not be a mother tongue of any
existing group and everyone will need to learn it in schools and
colleges. As a ‘modern’ language, it will be flexible and encourage
variations that reflect the needs, desires, customs and habits of the
Pakistani people. As a ‘Pakistani’ language, it will be used in
education and exist alongside, draw on, and support the indigenous
languages of local communities.</p><p>The creation, adoption, use, and
development of ‘Pakistani’ is not going to be an easy task, but it is an
achievable one. There are many examples from around the world that we
can learn and draw from in doing so. The linguistics needed to achieve
these goals is already available. What is needed now is political vision
and commitment to make this happen.</p><p><em>Published in The Express Tribune, November 6<sup>th</sup>, 2015.</em></p><p><em><a href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/985881/pakistani-a-united-language-for-a-divided-country/">http://tribune.com.pk/story/985881/pakistani-a-united-language-for-a-divided-country/</a><br></em></p></div></div></div><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature">**************************************<br>N.b.: Listing on the lgpolicy-list is merely intended as a service to its members<br>and implies neither approval, confirmation nor agreement by the owner or sponsor of the list as to the veracity of a message's contents. Members who disagree with a message are encouraged to post a rebuttal, and to write directly to the original sender of any offensive message. A copy of this may be forwarded to this list as well. (H. Schiffman, Moderator)<br><br>For more information about the lgpolicy-list, go to <a href="https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/" target="_blank">https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/</a><br>listinfo/lgpolicy-list<br>*******************************************</div>
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