<div dir="ltr"><h1 class="gmail-article_title">Answer to the language question</h1>
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<p>Malta’s varied colonial past has often raised the question of what
language should prevail in the education sector. Almost a century ago,
the battle between the use of Italian and English in public
administration, the law courts and even in education waged on until
Malta gained independence and Maltese and English were recognised as
official languages.</p>
<p>Yet, the language question has not yet been fully resolved in the
educational sector as, despite any official guidelines on which language
teachers should use in the classroom, many educators adopt a pragmatic
approach and use either Maltese or English or both to ensure their
lessons are understood by the great majority of their students.</p>
<p>Maltese society is unavoidably becoming multi-ethnical with the flow
of migrants who speak little or no English or Maltese, mixed marriages
between persons with different mother tongues and cultural issues that
influence some local families in their choice of the language they speak
at home. No wonder many young pupils find the mastery of English and
Maltese a hard nut to crack in their first school years with many
speaking a hybrid language that is neither good English nor Maltese.</p>
<p>It is, therefore, encouraging that, following a consultative process,
the Ministry of Education has approved a language policy for the early
years in Malta and Gozo that stipulates that all children should have
equal opportunities to develop and practise both languages equally.</p>
<p>This policy is not much different from that of other countries like
the US where education policymakers are trying to crack the
anti-bilingual wall in terms of education. In some schools in California
both English and Spanish are used equally in the education of young
pupils many of whom come from Mexico and other South American countries.</p>
<p>The implementation of bilingual education in primary schools will not
be without its challenges. The language spoken at the home of pupils
will affect their ability to absorb the teaching that is imparted to
them in the classroom that, presumably, will be either in English or
Maltese.</p>
<p>The goal should be to give students education in all core areas in
both English and Maltese – acquiring English and maintain Maltese if one
is a pupil that lives in a family where Maltese is the main language
spoken at home and learning both English and Maltese for those pupils
who are not fluent in either of these languages.</p>
<p>This will be a tough challenge for teachers who may need to retrain
themselves to acquire the skills of teaching in different languages to
pupils of mixed language abilities. The task becomes even more arduous
if high standards of both written and spoken Maltese and English are set
in early primary school curricula. It is a sad reality that the
standards of written and spoken Maltese and English are not what they
used to be three or four decades ago when reading good books was a far
more common practice among people of all ages.</p>
<p>Socio-educational research maintains that the reason why bilingual
education programmes produce higher-achieving students has to do with
cognitive benefits such as enhanced understanding of mathematics,
creativity and selective retention. It makes very little sense to block
the use of either Maltese or English until secondary school.</p>
<p>It is, therefore, essential that teachers must be able to adequately
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