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                            <a class="gmail-byline-column-link" href="http://www.nytimes.com/column/hector-tobar">Héctor Tobar</a>
                        <time class="gmail-dateline" datetime="2016-11-15T12:18:46-05:00">NOV. 15, 2016</time>
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<p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">Los Angeles — In the deepest reaches of my brain, there is a boy who speaks Spanish.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">He
 calls his mother and father “Mamá” and “Papá.” One of his favorite 
expressions is “qué lindo” (how nice, or how sweet). He’s proud of the 
Mexican slang he’s learned: for instance, “no hay pedo,” which means “no
 problem,” though its literal translation is “there is no fart.”</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">California nearly killed that boy.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">My
 parents arrived in Los Angeles as immigrants from Guatemala. We had a 
shelf of books in Spanish in our Los Angeles home, including “El Señor 
Presidente” by the Guatemalan Nobel laureate Miguel Ángel Asturias, but 
growing up I could not read them.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">Like
 millions of Latino kids educated in California public schools, I never 
took a class in Spanish grammar or Spanish literature, nor was I ever 
asked to write a single word with an accent or a squiggly tilde over it.
 In the ’70s, Spanish was the language of poverty and backwardness in 
the eyes of some school administrators, and many others.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">Supposedly,
 we got smarter by forgetting Spanish. By the time I was a teenager, I 
spoke the language at the level of a second grader. My English was 
perfect, but in Spanish I was a nincompoop.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">I
 knew I had lost something priceless to me. A lot of Latino kids who 
grow up without Spanish feel this. And last week, even as the 
Latino-immigrant basher Donald J. Trump was elected president, many 
engaged in a successful collective act of cultural resistance by joining
 other Californian voters who overwhelmingly <a href="http://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/trailguide/la-na-election-day-2016-proposition-58-bilingual-1478220414-htmlstory.html">approved</a> a ballot measure to expand <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/18/us/californians-having-curbed-bilingual-education-may-now-expand-it.html">bilingual education</a> in public schools.</p>
<p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content" id="gmail-story-continues-1">Proposition
 58 overhauls another ballot initiative that was approved by the voters 
in 1998. That measure was born in the early years of the anti-immigrant 
movement, before it spread from California across the United States.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">Back
 then, Spanish had become the de facto second language of California. 
Latino immigrant children were filling the underfunded public schools 
and not doing very well, while chattering away to one another and to 
their teachers in Spanish in their overcrowded classrooms. Ron Unz, the 
Silicon Valley entrepreneur who helped lead the anti-bilingual education
 movement, argued that educating immigrant kids exclusively in English 
would improve our test scores.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">No
 one disputes that every child in this country should learn English. But
 the no-Spanish dictate amounted to a form of cultural erasure. It was a
 cruel, shortsighted act, born of ignorance and intolerance.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">Being
 literate in the language of your immigrant ancestors (whether that 
language is Spanish, Korean, Mandarin or Armenian) makes you wiser and 
more powerful. I know this from experience.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">It
 took me two years of college study and a year enrolled abroad at 
Mexico’s national university to reboot and upgrade my bilingual brain. 
Shakespeare and Cervantes now live in my frontal lobe. Seinfeld and the 
Mexican comedian Cantinflas, too. Bob Dylan and the Chilean songwriter 
Violeta Parra. I have sought to master the Anglo-Saxon language spoken 
by Lincoln and Whitman, and also the Latinate language of Pablo Neruda 
and of the Angeleno street vendors.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">With
 Spanish’s endearments and ample use of the subjunctive tense and the 
diminutive, I have learned that to know a language is to enter into 
another way of being.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">My
 father, for example, is a charming man in English, a language he has 
spoken fluently for a half-century. In Spanish, however, his full 
talents as a sardonic raconteur are on display; he’s even prone to the 
occasional philosophical soliloquy. My mother is a fluent English 
speaker, but in Spanish she’s a storyteller with a deeply romantic bent 
and a flair for the ironic.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">Today, I write books in English, but the roots of my career as a writer lie in Spanish literacy and Spanish fluency.</p>
<p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content" id="gmail-story-continues-2">Most
 of my extended family lives in Guatemala and speaks no English. When I 
returned to that country as a fluent Spanish speaker, I had my first 
grown-up conversations with my grandparents, uncles and cousins. I 
learned of village dramas and quiet acts of resistance against 
Guatemala’s dictatorship, including my grandfather’s adventures as a 
bricklayer and die-hard union man.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">It was only as a fluent Spanish speaker that I finally I came to know my true self. Who I was and where I came from.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">Soon
 enough, I also came to know a Los Angeles I would not have known 
otherwise: a city with its own brand of Spanish, a city shaped by the 
ceaseless improvisations, reinventions and ambitions of its Spanish 
speakers. They became the subjects of my novels.</p><div class="gmail-newsletter-signup gmail-original-newsletter-module gmail-dropzone-17 gmail-ab-test-newsletter-buffet gmail-buffet-test" id="gmail-newsletter-promo">
    
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<p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">For
 Latino immigrant children, Spanish is the key that unlocks the 
untranslatable wisdom of their elders, and that reveals the subtle 
truths in their family histories. It’s a source of self-knowledge, a 
form of cultural capital. They are smarter, in fact, for each bit of 
Spanish they keep alive in their bilingual brains. And they are more 
likely to see the absurdity in the rants of xenophobes and racists.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">In
 Europe, most people speak more than one language. Some speak three or 
four or more. Multilingualism is a sign of intellectual achievement and 
sophistication.</p>
<p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">A
 fourth grader from Guadalajara, Mexico, learning English for the first 
time in a Los Angeles classroom needs to know that what she already 
possesses is valuable. Teach her English, yes, but also the rules of 
Spanish spelling — and give her some Juan Rulfo to read when she gets 
older.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">She’ll
 most likely see some of herself in the stories of that Mexican genius. 
And it might soon dawn on her that she’s a genius, too.</p><p class="gmail-story-body-text gmail-story-content">NYTimes November 15, 2016<br></p><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature">=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+<br><br> Harold F. Schiffman<br><br>Professor Emeritus of <br> Dravidian Linguistics and Culture <br>Dept. of South Asia Studies                     <br>University of Pennsylvania<br>Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305<br><br>Phone:  (215) 898-7475<br>Fax:  (215) 573-2138                                      <br><br>Email:  <a href="mailto:haroldfs@gmail.com" target="_blank">haroldfs@gmail.com</a><br><a href="http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/%7Eharoldfs/" target="_blank">http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~haroldfs/</a>    <br><br>-------------------------------------------------</div>
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