<div dir="ltr"><h1 class="entry-title"><a href="http://groundviews.org/2017/05/27/response-to-article-on-national-reconciliation-policy-by-laksiri-fernando/" title="Response to Article on “National Reconciliation Policy” by Laksiri Fernando">Response to Article on “National Reconciliation Policy” by Laksiri Fernando</a></h1>
<div class="entry-meta" id="gmail-sidepanel">
<div class="gmail-icon gmail-author">
<div class="gmail-author">
<img src="http://1.gravatar.com/avatar/78e7323c319d98dc2b916856e32de083?s=96&d=http%3A%2F%2Fgroundviews.org%2Fwp-content%2Fthemes%2Fgroundviews%2Fimages%2Favatar-gv.png&r=g" class="gmail-avatar gmail-hidden-xs gmail-hidden-sm" alt="Devanesan Nesiah" width="140" height="140">
<a href="http://groundviews.org/author/dr-nesiah/">Devanesan Nesiah</a>
</div>
<p><span class="gmail-posted-on">on <time class="entry-date gmail-published" datetime="05/27/2017">05/27/2017</time></span></p>
</div>
<div class="gmail-icon gmail-comments gmail-hidden-xs gmail-hidden-sm">
<span class="gmail-icon-holder"></span> <span class="gmail-hidden-xs gmail-hidden-sm"></span>
</div><div class="gmail-icon email">
<span class="gmail-icon-holder"></span>
<span class="gmail-hidden-xs gmail-hidden-sm"><br><br></span>
</div>
</div>
<p><em>Featured image courtesy <a href="https://www.unicef.org/">UNICEF</a> </em></p>
<p>I enjoyed reading Laksiri Fernando’s <a href="http://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=165127">article</a>
and endorse most of his comments under policy areas 1-7, but not those
under policy area 8 for reasons that I will elaborate later on.</p>
<p>I am particularly appreciative of what Laksiri has to say on the need
to eliminate caste discrimination; and to adopt a trilingual language
policy. On Caste, the initiative needs to come from Sri Lankan Buddhists
to eliminate the continuation of caste based Nikayas as well as other
manifestations of caste consciousness within Buddhism; from Hindus to
eliminate all caste based oppression including the vestiges of
untouchability, especially in relation to temple entry and access to
public places; and from Sinhalese and Tamils (including Christians) to
eliminate even the most subtle public identification of the caste
identity of individuals, notably in marriage advertisements.</p>
<p>In respect of a trilingual language policy, we have the advantage of a
highly literate population that is also very responsive to financial
and other incentives, whether for employment or for admission to
educational or training institutions. What is needed is to work out
appropriate schemes of incentives for such employment, education and
training, backed by an island-wide trilingual school network
supplemented by out of school language training institutions. It will
not be many years before we have a nation that is predominantly
trilingual.</p>
<p>The one issue on which I have clear differences of opinion is on
affirmative action /reverse discrimination. This should be a device to
provide a level playing field for those with unequal opportunities due
to external factors beyond their control. Accordingly African Americans,
Native Americans (Red Indians), women and certain minorities in the USA
received quota benefits for nearly two decades. Similarly, in India,
Untouchables (Dalits), Tribals and certain other “Backward Classes”
continue to receive quota benefits in respect of employment or education
in state sector institutions.</p>
<p>The confusion of affirmative action/reverse discrimination with area
quotas (in relation to university admissions) is peculiar to Sri Lanka.
The scheme of district quotas in university admissions in Sri Lanka is
unrelated to affirmative action/reverse discrimination. District quotas,
in design and in impact boost further the privileges of the children of
the rural elite. They gain from good schooling (they invariably gain
admission as day scholars to the best schools in the district or as
boarders to good schools elsewhere) and are further privileged on
account of affluence at home. There are privileged and under privileged
populations and also schools of widely different quality in every
district. The children of the elite everywhere have access to good
schooling. On the other hand children of the underclass have
difficulties in accessing good schooling anywhere.</p>
<p>For example, Royal College and Visakha Vidyalaya cater predominantly
to the upper classes in preference to the underclass in their
neighbourhood. This holds true of elite schools everywhere. In every
district there are lesser schools to serve the underclass. The children
of elite schools anywhere are not primarily from the neighbourhood,
judging by the glut of cars and vans that converge on these schools at
opening and closing times. Similarly, Trinity and Hillwood cater
primarily to the elite of Kandy and elsewhere. These children are in no
way handicapped by being surrounded by estate schools and depressed
Sinhalese medium schools. However, the children of Trinity and Hillwood
gain a boost in university admissions due to being surrounded by under
privileged schools. In turn, schools for low income populations all over
Colombo and Jaffna lose out in university admissions due to being
surrounded by numerous elite schools. This is certainly not affirmative
action/reverse discrimination.</p>
<p>Some factors that impact on performance in school are related to the
quality of the school and others to the socio-economic and education
levels of parents and family. The latter is difficult to quantify and
therefore to compensate for. Yet schools can be graded objectively (they
already are) and these grades, further refined periodically in relation
to individual university faculties that the children qualify to enter
each year can be objectively quantified and university admissions duly
adjusted. Such a scheme would indeed be affirmative action/reverse
discrimination, which disrtrict quotas are definitely not.</p>
<p>Further, as Laksiri points out, reconciliation requires attention to
several other more contentious items such as dealing with killings,
disappearances, physical disabilities, physiological trauma,
displacement, loss of land, occupation as well as the overwhelming
presence of the military among the population most affected by the war.
These issues are more difficult to deal with. Healing in respect of
issues listed 1-7 by Laksiri, and issue 8 as amended above, will go a
long way towards reconciliation and make it easier to deal with the more
controversial issues.</p><p><a href="http://groundviews.org/2017/05/27/response-to-article-on-national-reconciliation-policy-by-laksiri-fernando/">http://groundviews.org/2017/05/27/response-to-article-on-national-reconciliation-policy-by-laksiri-fernando/</a><br></p>
<em>Readers who enjoyed this article might find “<a href="http://groundviews.org/2016/11/24/dealing-with-caste-prejudice-and-inequalities-in-sri-lanka/">Dealing with Caste prejudice and inequalities in Sri Lanka</a>” and “T<a href="http://groundviews.org/2017/03/22/the-art-of-connection-two-organisations-take-on-reconciliation/">he Art of Connection: Two organisations take on reconciliation</a>” enlightening.</em><br clear="all"><br>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature">**************************************<br>N.b.: Listing on the lgpolicy-list is merely intended as a service to its members<br>and implies neither approval, confirmation nor agreement by the owner or sponsor of the list as to the veracity of a message's contents. Members who disagree with a message are encouraged to post a rebuttal, and to write directly to the original sender of any offensive message. A copy of this may be forwarded to this list as well. (H. Schiffman, Moderator)<br><br>For more information about the lgpolicy-list, go to <a href="https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/" target="_blank">https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/</a><br>listinfo/lgpolicy-list<br>*******************************************</div>
</div>