<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-title gmail-field-type-ds gmail-field-label-hidden" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:13px;line-height:19.5px;font-family:'Proxima Nova',Arial,sans-serif;clear:left;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><h1 style="margin:0.22em 0px 10px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:26px;line-height:1.4em;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:0px">Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World</h1></div></div></div><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-field-subheadline gmail-field-type-text gmail-field-label-hidden" style="margin:0px 0px 5px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:18px;line-height:inherit;font-family:'Proxima Nova',Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">Waadookodaading Ojibwe Language Institute Not Only Teaches Ojibwe, It Is The Language Of Instruction</div></div></div><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-authorship-fields gmail-field-type-ds gmail-field-label-hidden" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:13px;line-height:19.5px;font-family:'Proxima Nova',Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-author" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">By Judith Siers-Poisson</div></div></div></div><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-field-date-air gmail-field-type-date gmail-field-label-hidden" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:13px;line-height:19.5px;font-family:'Proxima Nova',Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><span class="gmail-date-display-single" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">Monday, October 2, 2017, 4:35pm</span></div></div></div><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-service-links-displays-group gmail-field-type-ds gmail-field-label-inline gmail-clearfix" style="margin:10px 0px;padding:4px 0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:13px;line-height:19.5px;font-family:'Proxima Nova',Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div class="gmail-field-label" style="margin:0px;padding:4px 0px 0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12px;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;display:inline;text-transform:uppercase">SHARE: </div><div class="gmail-field-items" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:b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outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-form-item gmail-form-type-fivestar gmail-form-item-vote" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-form-item gmail-form-type-select gmail-form-item-vote" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left"><select id="edit-vote--2" name="vote" class="gmail-form-select gmail-ajax-processed" style="vertical-align:middle;border-color:rgb(132,132,132) rgb(193,193,193) rgb(225,225,225);outline:0px;padding:2px 20px 2px 3px;font-size:13px;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;height:1.8em;display:none;background-image:url("../images/select-arrow.gif");background-clip:padding-box;background-position:100% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat"><option value="-">Select rating</option><option value="20">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 1/5</option><option value="40">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 2/5</option><option value="60">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 3/5</option><option value="80">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 4/5</option><option value="100">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 5/5</option></select><div class="gmail-fivestar-widget gmail-clearfix gmail-fivestar-widget-5" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-1 gmail-odd gmail-star-first" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><a href="https://www.wpr.org/wisconsin-school-works-keep-native-american-languages-alive-around-world#20" title="Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 1/5" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 1/5</a></div><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-2 even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><a href="https://www.wpr.org/wisconsin-school-works-keep-native-american-languages-alive-around-world#40" title="Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 2/5" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 2/5</a></div><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-3 gmail-odd" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><a href="https://www.wpr.org/wisconsin-school-works-keep-native-american-languages-alive-around-world#60" title="Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 3/5" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 3/5</a></div><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-4 even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><a href="https://www.wpr.org/wisconsin-school-works-keep-native-american-languages-alive-around-world#80" title="Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 4/5" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 4/5</a></div><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-5 gmail-odd gmail-star-last" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><a href="https://www.wpr.org/wisconsin-school-works-keep-native-american-languages-alive-around-world#100" title="Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 5/5" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat">Give Wisconsin School Works To Keep Native American Languages Alive Around The World 5/5</a></div></div></div><div class="gmail-fivestar-static-form-item" style="margin:0px 40px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left"><div class="gmail-form-item gmail-form-type-item" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left"><div class="gmail-fivestar-default" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-fivestar-widget-static gmail-fivestar-widget-static-vote gmail-fivestar-widget-static-5 gmail-clearfix" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-1 gmail-star-odd gmail-star-first" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><span class="gmail-on" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px -32px;background-repeat:no-repeat">2.5</span></div><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-2 gmail-star-even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><span class="gmail-on" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px -32px;background-repeat:no-repeat"></span></div><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-3 gmail-star-odd" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><span class="gmail-on" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;display:block;width:8.5px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px -32px;background-repeat:no-repeat"></span></div><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-4 gmail-star-even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><span class="gmail-off" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"></span></div><div class="gmail-star gmail-star-5 gmail-star-odd gmail-star-last" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:17px;height:15px;overflow:hidden;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"><span class="gmail-off" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;display:block;width:17px;height:15px;background-image:url("../widgets/default/star.gif");background-color:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-repeat:no-repeat"></span></div></div></div><div class="gmail-description" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:0.85em;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(106,106,106)"><div class="gmail-fivestar-summary gmail-fivestar-summary-average-count" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><span class="gmail-average-rating" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">Average: <span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">2.5</span></span> <span class="gmail-total-votes" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">(<span style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">2</span> votes)</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></form></div></div></div><div class="gmail-field-collection-container gmail-clearfix" style="margin:15px 5px;padding:0px;border:none;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:13px;line-height:19.5px;font-family:'Proxima Nova',Arial,sans-serif;clear:both;float:right;max-width:30%;color:rgb(0,0,0)"><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-field-sidebar gmail-field-type-field-collection gmail-field-label-hidden" style="margin:20px 0px;padding:5px;border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238);outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:14px;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-collection-view gmail-clearfix gmail-view-mode-full gmail-field-collection-view-final" style="margin:0px 1em;padding:5px 0px 0.3em;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-bottom-style:none;border-color:initial;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item gmail-field-collection-item-field-sidebar gmail-clearfix" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;float:left;width:146px"><div class="gmail-content" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;width:146px"><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-field-rel-links gmail-field-type-link-field gmail-field-label-hidden" style="margin:5px 0px 0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="margin:0px;padding:2px 0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12px;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><a href="https://www.wpr.org/native-american-children-learn-about-sugaring-tradition" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">Slideshow: Native American Children Learn About Sugaring Tradition</a></div><div class="gmail-field-item gmail-odd" style="margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12px;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><a href="https://www.wpr.org/listen-native-american-children-learn-oneida-ojibwe-menominee-languages" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">Listen To Native American Children Learn Oneida, Ojibwe, Menominee Languages</a></div><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12px;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><a href="https://www.wpr.org/series/first-wisconsinites" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">First Wisconsinites: Dispatches From Native American Life In Wisconsin Today</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-body gmail-field-type-text-with-summary gmail-field-label-hidden" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:17px;line-height:1.4em;clear:left;float:none;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:'Sina Nova',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">In Hayward, Wisconsin, a program is working to preserve Native American language and culture in the state and across the world.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em"><a href="http://www.lco-nsn.gov/waadookodaading.php" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">Waadookodaading Ojibwe Language Institute</a> is an immersion school where the Ojibwe language isn't only taught, it's the language used to teach all core classes.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">Waadookodaading means "a place where people help each other," and the name is apt. The school's mission and activities reach far beyond its own facility, and even past the borders of the state.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">Executive Director Brooke Ammann explained Waadookodaading was a founding member of the<a href="http://www.ncnalsp.org/" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">National Coalition of Native American Language Schools & Programs</a>. That group is made up of schools and programs in 16 states that use an indigenous language as the language of instruction for at least half of the classes offered in the targeted grades.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">"We share with each other when we need support, not just in any of the policy fields, but also in planning and sharing best practices that we have all developed over time with our programs," Ammann said, adding that coalition members "share knowledge, resources. At times, we also will review any upcoming federal policies to see if they align with the <a href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/101/s2167/text" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">Native American Languages Act of 1990</a>. It's a law that protects the right to use our native languages in educational settings."</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">Ojibwe and other Native American languages didn't decline naturally. Federal policy aimed to wipe them out. For example, an <a href="http://www.ncnalsp.org/know-the-laws/" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">1868 Report of the Indian Peace Commissioners</a>stated<strong style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit"> </strong>"schools should be established, which children should be required to attend; their barbarous dialect should be blotted out and the English language substituted."</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">Native American children were sent to boarding schools beginning in the 1870s, and often weren't allowed to return to their families and communities when school wasn't in session. While <a href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2011-title25/html/USCODE-2011-title25-chap14-subchapV.htm" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934</a> mandated boarding schools be phased out, many remained open into the 1960s and even 1970s.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">Given that history, creating an appropriate curriculum and framework was challenging.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">"So, what we've learned in our work is we've had to reach out and look at models," Ammann said. "Some of the first models that our founders looked at were in New Zealand, in Wales the Welsh language, Gaelic, like there's many models in the world of kind of less commonly taught or spoken languages." </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">"And we looked at different efforts that were happening. And that also brought us to our relationship with <a href="http://mokuolahonua.com/" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">the native Hawaiian group within the United States</a> as well. So we really looked all over the place for the best ways to revitalize and teach indigenous languages."</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">The most natural way to learn a language is to grow up hearing and speaking it. Waadookodaading attempts to replicate that by using only Ojibwe in teaching preschool through third grade. This means all of the children are bilingual in English and Ojibwe, since they are likely growing up in English-speaking homes. As Ammann wrote for "<a href="http://theways.org/story/waadookodaading" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">The Ways</a>," "By the end of kindergarten, most students at Waadookodaading know two alphabets and writing systems."</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">Language is key to identity, but so is learning cultural traditions. </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">"Language alone does not convey or connect people to culture. It is a medium through which culture can be learned," Ammann wrote. She added that "Ojibwemowin, the Ojibwe language, is a language of action. In the Ojibwe worldview, there are two ways to learn: by observing and by doing."<br><br>At Waadookodaading, students and staff learn traditional activities like turning maple sap into maple sugar together, and older students help teach younger students, which echoes how many traditions have been handed down for centuries.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">According to the National Coalition of Native American Language Schools & Programs, "the Native American Languages Act (1990) established federal policy to allow the use of Native American languages as the medium of instruction, and affirms the right of Native American children to express themselves, be educated, and assessed in their languages."</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">While this represents progress, the coalition goes on to state that there is uneven application of the act within the U.S. Department of Education.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">"I think it really is important to remember that speaking Ojibwe, or practicing our culture, was outlawed in the not-so-distant past. I was born in the '70s, and the freedom of religion for Native Americans was at the end of the '70s," Ammann said. "So even when I was born, some of those things were legally prohibited." </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em">"And I think a lot of what we deal with today is people suffering from shame from some of the trauma inflicted within families and our communities by those efforts. And we know it’s one of the reasons American Indian students still struggle with this kind of mainstream English-only focus in our education. So our efforts, normalizing Ojibwe language and education, it’s part of our effort really to empower, engage, students, families those who have been disenfranchised by the mainstream American education system."</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 20px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1.4em"><em style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">This story is part of a week-long series called <a href="https://www.wpr.org/series/first-wisconsinites" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">First Wisconsinites: Dispatches From Native American Life In Wisconsin Today</a>. Stories explore everything from education to politics to art and more and </em><em style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit">can be heard on Central Time and online at <a href="http://wpr.org/" target="_blank" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;outline:0px;vertical-align:baseline;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;color:rgb(0,0,0);text-decoration:none">wpr.org</a>.</em></p></div></div></div><div><br></div>-- <br><div class="gmail_signature">**************************************<br>N.b.: Listing on the lgpolicy-list is merely intended as a service to its members<br>and implies neither approval, confirmation nor agreement by the owner or sponsor of the list as to the veracity of a message's contents. Members who disagree with a message are encouraged to post a rebuttal, and to write directly to the original sender of any offensive message.  A copy of this may be forwarded to this list as well.  (H. Schiffman, Moderator)<br><br>For more information about the lgpolicy-list, go to <a href="https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/" target="_blank">https://groups.sas.upenn.edu/mailman/</a><br>listinfo/lgpolicy-list<br>*******************************************</div>
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