<div dir="ltr"><div id="gmail-main" class="gmail-clearfix" style="box-sizing:border-box"><h1 class="gmail-title" id="gmail-page-title" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:1.1;padding:0px;margin:0px 0px 15px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:inherit;font-size:2em">Northern politics during Parliamentary Elections of 1950s</h1><div class="gmail-tabs" style="box-sizing:border-box"></div><div class="gmail-region gmail-region-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div id="gmail-block-system-main" class="gmail-block gmail-block-system gmail-clearfix" style="box-sizing:border-box;padding:0px"><div class="gmail-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-node-main-content gmail-custom-width gmail-clearfix" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-post-submitted-info" style="box-sizing:border-box;width:616.656px;float:left;color:rgb(153,153,153);line-height:24px;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-submitted-date" style="box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:6px"><span class="gmail-datetime" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-field-date-publishing gmail-field-type-datetime gmail-field-label-hidden" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;width:616.656px;float:left;margin-bottom:10px"><span class="gmail-date-display-single" style="box-sizing:border-box">Wednesday, March 27, 2019 - 01:00</span></div></div></div></span></div></div><div class="gmail-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-item gmail-print-edition gmail-pull-right" style="box-sizing:border-box;float:right"><a style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(51,51,51);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px rgb(218,218,218);padding:6px 8px;line-height:1;border-radius:2px;display:inline-block;margin:3px 3px 2px 0px">Print Edition</a></div><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-field-section gmail-field-type-taxonomy-term-reference gmail-field-label-hidden" style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline;overflow:hidden;font-size:15px;margin:0px 0px 10px;clear:both"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline;margin-right:2px;color:rgb(0,0,0);line-height:24px;text-align:justify"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/category/features" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(51,51,51);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px rgb(218,218,218);text-decoration-line:none;padding:6px 8px;line-height:1;border-radius:2px;display:inline-block;margin:3px 3px 2px 0px">Features</a></div></div></div><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-field-image gmail-field-type-image gmail-field-label-hidden" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-item even" rel="og:image rdfs:seeAlso" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(0,0,0);line-height:24px;text-align:center"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/news/2019/03/26/z_p24-Northern-1.jpg" title="Northern politics during Parliamentary Elections of 1950s" class="gmail-colorbox gmail-init-colorbox-processed gmail-cboxElement" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/news/2019/03/26/z_p24-Northern-1.jpg" width="800" height="474" alt="" title="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;"></a></div></div></div><div class="gmail-field gmail-field-name-body gmail-field-type-text-with-summary gmail-field-label-hidden" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-items" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-item even" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(0,0,0);line-height:24px;text-align:justify"><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">“As an East Asian looking at America, I find attractive and unattractive features. I like, for example, the free, easy and open relations between people regardless of social status, ethnicity or religion”</span></p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">---Lee Kuan Yew</span></p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/u264/Tag-Contemporary-Politics-2.jpg" class="gmail-colorbox-load gmail-init-colorbox-load-processed gmail-cboxElement" rel="field_image_gallery" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img alt="" src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/resize/u264/Tag-Contemporary-Politics-2-200x100.jpg" width="200" height="100" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: 100px; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px; width: 200px; float: left;"></a>S. Nadesan was a promoter of democratic principles such as regional autonomy, bilingualism, federalism, and constitutional safeguards for the Tamil speaking. Regarding the tension caused by the Official Language (Sinhala Only) Act, he firmly believed that separatist movements only took root in unitary states, and dismissed the suggestion that federalism leads to separation.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;text-align:center"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">Somasundaram Nadesan, QC-Senator</span></p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">Somasundaram Nadesan, QC was a leading Tamil lawyer, civil rights activist and member of the Senate from end 1940s to early 1970s. He served on the bar for 55 years and was made a Queen’s Counsel in 1954. A passionate defender of minority rights though, Nadesan remained detached from Tamil nationalistic politics of S. J. V. Chelvanaygam (Fedral Party) and G. G. Ponnambalam of Tamil Congress (TC). He was highly critical of the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF)- under the leadership of Chelvanayakam and its Vaddukoddai Resolution calling for the creation of an independent Tamil Eelam. However, political violence of the 1980s compelled Nadesan to change his stance from politics to Human Rights. He was a founding member of the Civil Rights Movement of Sri Lanka in 1971.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">ITAK (Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi) was founded in late 1949. Commonly known as the Federal Party in English, the Northern based party was formed by a group of three Tamil parliamentarians, SJV Chelvanayakam, Vanniasingam and Senator E. M. V. Naganathan, all members of ACTC (All Ceylon Tamil Congress), who had policy differences with its leader G. G. Ponnambalam over the latter’s decision to go into an alliance with D. S. Senanayke and enter the UNP government and accept a Cabinet Portfolio.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;text-align:center"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">Early splits in Northern based parties</span></p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">SWRD Bandaranaike’s attitude towards minority rights and success of the Sinhala nationalist government in 1956, made ITAK the main voice of Tamil politics. As racial and political tension between the ethnic groups increased, it forced three Tamil political parties, FP, ACTC and the CWC based in Plantations led by Thondaman snr., to form the Tamil United Front (TUF) in early 1970s. The nationalistic alliance had renamed itself as the Tamil United Liberation Front- (TULF) and began campaigning for an independent Tamil Eelam. JRJ, the ‘old fox’ manipulated the exit of CWC from the alliance weakening the unity of Tamil politics.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/u264/z_p24-Northern-2.jpg" class="gmail-colorbox-load gmail-init-colorbox-load-processed gmail-cboxElement" rel="field_image_gallery" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img alt="" src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/resize/u264/z_p24-Northern-2-400x260.jpg" width="400" height="260" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: 260px; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px; width: 400px; float: right;"></a>Winning 18 seats in the north and east, the TULF became the first Tamil party to run on a pro-autonomy platform in the 1977 Parliamentary election and became the largest opposition party in parliament. The Black July-’83 caused Tamil nationalism’s radicals to turn into a violent movement which subsequently paved way for a 30-year civil war: while the TULF remained as a moderate party to face Tamil politics, it became the target of racist and nationalist forces on both North and South and many of its moderate leaders like A. Amirthaligam, M. Sivasittamparam were assassinated by young terrorists led by V. Prabaharan of LTTE.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;text-align:center"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">1956 Parliamentary Election</span></p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">A. Amirthalingam contesting the Vadukkodai seat at 1956 election, addressing his constituents referred to S. Nadesan, he said, “none could beat the record of the learned Senator Nadesan of being all things to all men, but the Tamil people could not build their future on the shifting sands of his policies” he further said, Senator Nadesan has told the Jaffna Lawyers’ Association that he was the author of the Tamilnad resolution, moved by V. Kumaraswamy and the brain behind the communist party idea of making Sinhalese the only language for foreign relations. He was also the advisor to Bandaranaike on various political matters. Referring to Nadesan he further said, Nadesan once stated that, “Federalism does not mean that the Tamils will not be able to get employment or do business in South. The right to get employment throughout the country, the right to engage in commerce and trade throughout the island is guaranteed under a Federal Constitution.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">Parity of status to both Sinhala and Tamil was the language policy of the two Marxist parties, LSSP and CP who could boast of a strong base in Jaffna. Though somewhat disastrous to their popularity, they stuck to it.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px"></p><div id="gmail-block-inject-1" class="gmail-block-inject gmail-block-inject-1" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div id="gmail-block-block-38" class="gmail-block gmail-block-block gmail-clearfix" style="box-sizing:border-box;padding:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div id="gmail-div-gpt-ad-1528189287220-0" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div id="gmail-google_ads_iframe_/267803636/CDN_InContent_Top_0__container__" style="box-sizing:border-box;border:0pt none;width:728px;height:90px"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="gmail-clearfix" style="box-sizing:border-box"></div><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">The equal status policy which the LSSP and CP cost them a lot. On October 17, 1955, LSSP held a meeting at the Colombo Town Hall, in support of this; it was broken up and the leaders were escorted by police, (it was repeated in 1956 when SLFP’s Sinhala only bill was debated in the House. Crowds led by racist forces assembled opposite old Parliament to physically handle NM, Colvin and other Marxists).</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">The chaotic situation compelled UNP to abandon policy of parity status, causing extensive damage to its popularity in the North/East. Tamil Cabinet Ministers and MPs demand to reassess its new language policy, which was ignored by Prime Minister, Sir John Kotalawala because it was suicidal to the Party at the forthcoming Election. The Tamil members charged Kotalawala with linguistic inequity and opted to resign. Attempts by this group to form an alliance of Tamils however, was unsuccessful.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;text-align:center"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">Official Language - the main issue and Muslim factor</span></p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">There were many differences in political interest between Muslims and Tamils. Muslim factor was not so dominant during the election time of 1956. Muslims in 1950s considered that Tamils enjoyed more privileges in education than the Muslims. An independent contestant for Kalkudah, M. A. Abdul Majeed openly condemned Federalism. The Kalmunai independent candidate declared his support to Bandaranaike, while Macan Markar opposed the Federal Party. However the majority of Muslims was in favour of the Sinhala Only policy.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">The 1956 election result was a surprise; out of the 95 seats, the MEP won 51—LSSP and CP won 14 and 3 respectively—Federal party secured 10 seats and Tamil Congress could retain only one while UNP managed eight. Independents won eight too.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">Federal Party polled 141,900 votes against 146,500 polled by all its opponents in Jaffna, but won only six seats in the district.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;text-align:center"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700">Ponnambalam and Chelvanaygam</span></p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">The Federal Party established in 1949 as a breakaway group of Tamil Congress was not successful at the General Election it faced in 1952, winning only two Federal Party candidates, but the TC managed to secure four seats out of seven seats they contested. Later, the FP began to emerge as a powerful political force in the North when leader G. G. Ponnambalam a Cabinet minister failed to persuade the government to give up its ‘Sinhala Only’ Policy.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">The FP had a great opportunity to tell Tamils in the North/East that they would be discriminated and treated as second-class citizens. They argued that in a Unitary State equality for the people would be an impractical concept and the only option therefore, would be to fight for both Sinhalese and Tamil the official languages. If they succeeded Sinhala would become the official language of the Sinhala State and Tamil the official language of Tamil State under a single country.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px">The majority of the daily newspapers in 1950s were sympathetic towards the UNP except one Sinhala daily.</p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;padding:0px 0px 15px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px"><span style="box-sizing:border-box;font-weight:700"><a href="mailto:kksperera1@gmail.com" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none">kksperera1@gmail.com</a></span></p></div></div></div><span class="gmail-a2a_kit gmail-a2a_kit_size_32 gmail-a2a_target gmail-addtoany_list" id="gmail-da2a_1" style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline;line-height:32px"><a class="gmail-a2a_button_email gmail-a2a_counter" target="_blank" href="http://www.dailynews.lk/#email" rel="nofollow noopener" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;font-size:32px;padding:0px 4px"><span class="gmail-a2a_svg gmail-a2a_s__default gmail-a2a_s_email" style="box-sizing:border-box;background-repeat:repeat;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;height:32px;line-height:32px;padding:0px;width:32px;vertical-align:middle;float:none;border-radius:4px;opacity:1;background-color:rgb(1,102,255)"></span><span class="gmail-a2a_label" style="box-sizing:border-box;overflow:hidden;height:32px;width:32px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;float:none;border-radius:4px;line-height:32px;opacity:1">Email</span></a> <a class="gmail-a2a_button_facebook gmail-a2a_counter" target="_blank" href="http://www.dailynews.lk/#facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;font-size:32px;padding:0px 4px"><span class="gmail-a2a_svg gmail-a2a_s__default gmail-a2a_s_facebook" style="box-sizing:border-box;background-repeat:repeat;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;height:32px;line-height:32px;padding:0px;width:32px;vertical-align:middle;float:none;border-radius:4px;opacity:1;background-color:rgb(59,89,152)"></span><span class="gmail-a2a_label" style="box-sizing:border-box;overflow:hidden;height:32px;width:32px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;float:none;border-radius:4px;line-height:32px;opacity:1">Facebook</span><span class="gmail-a2a_count" style="box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);color:rgb(42,42,42);display:inline-block;float:none;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:16px;line-height:32px;height:32px;margin-left:4px;text-align:center;width:64px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:4px;opacity:1"></span></a> <a class="gmail-a2a_button_twitter gmail-a2a_counter" target="_blank" href="http://www.dailynews.lk/#twitter" rel="nofollow noopener" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;font-size:32px;padding:0px 4px"><span class="gmail-a2a_svg gmail-a2a_s__default gmail-a2a_s_twitter" style="box-sizing:border-box;background-repeat:repeat;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;height:32px;line-height:32px;padding:0px;width:32px;vertical-align:middle;float:none;border-radius:4px;opacity:1;background-color:rgb(85,172,238)"></span><span class="gmail-a2a_label" style="box-sizing:border-box;overflow:hidden;height:32px;width:32px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;float:none;border-radius:4px;line-height:32px;opacity:1">Twitter</span></a> <a class="gmail-a2a_button_google_plus gmail-a2a_counter" target="_blank" href="http://www.dailynews.lk/#google_plus" rel="nofollow noopener" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;font-size:32px;padding:0px 4px"><span class="gmail-a2a_svg gmail-a2a_s__default gmail-a2a_s_google_plus" style="box-sizing:border-box;backgroun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x;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/features/181433/what-condominium-owners-should-know" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/26/z_p11-What.jpg?itok=2NW1S3DX" width="728" height="410" alt="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/features/181433/what-condominium-owners-should-know" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">What condominium owners should know?</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">The complex documentation of a condominium project should be clearly understood by the purchaser.First-time condo buyers are sometimes confused by the monthly maintenance fee that condo buildings...</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-26 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-4 gmail-views-row-even gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px 10px 0px 0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/features/181432/kusumasana-devi-twice-consort-never-queen" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/26/z_p11-Kusumasa-1.jpg?itok=gPnNiDuA" width="728" height="410" alt="The Portuguese Pedro Lopez welcomes the Empress of Ceylon, Dona Catharina. The Ceylonese monarch Rajasingha, who ruled from 1582 to 1593 had dethroned Dona Katarina’s father. After Rajasingha’s death the King of Kandy, Wimaladharmasuriya, attempted to fill the power vacuum. But the Portuguese defeated him and installed Dona Katarina as empress." style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/features/181432/kusumasana-devi-twice-consort-never-queen" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">Kusumasana Devi: Twice the consort, never the queen</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">Kusumasena Devi (1581-1613) survived during one of the worst periods in Sri Lankan history. It was a period of perilous wars, political mayhem, inordinate evil ambitions, conspiracy and strategic...</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-26 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-5 gmail-views-row-odd gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px 10px 0px 0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/features/181431/northern-politics-during-parliamentary-elections-1950s" class="gmail-active" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(0,0,0);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/26/z_p24-Northern-1.jpg?itok=Z5xkrY3D" width="728" height="410" alt="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/features/181431/northern-politics-during-parliamentary-elections-1950s" class="gmail-active" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">Northern politics during Parliamentary Elections of 1950s</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">“As an East Asian looking at America, I find attractive and unattractive features. I like, for example, the free, easy and open relations between people regardless of social status, ethnicity or...</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-26 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-6 gmail-views-row-even gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/26/features/181290/raising-voice-community-ethics" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/25/z_p11-Raising.jpg?itok=tRj5Zdiq" width="728" height="410" alt="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/26/features/181290/raising-voice-community-ethics" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">Raising a voice for community ethics</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">To achieve sustainable social development, as a nation it is our duty to create an ethical platform or social movement to raise a voice about the need of Community Ethics in Sri Lankan culture....</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-25 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-7 gmail-views-row-odd gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px 10px 0px 0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/26/features/181289/may%E2%80%99s-time" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/25/z_p11-May.jpg?itok=bKHw3gCr" width="728" height="410" alt="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/26/features/181289/may%E2%80%99s-time" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">May’s time is up</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">The last thing the country needs is a Tory leadership contest. David Lidington should take the reins for a limited period.There is an unforgettable moment in Richard Pryor: Live on the Sunset Strip...</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-25 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-8 gmail-views-row-even gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px 10px 0px 0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/26/features/181285/pilgrim%E2%80%99s-progress" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/25/z_p10-A-Pilgrim.jpg?itok=GS-QC04s" width="728" height="410" alt="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/26/features/181285/pilgrim%E2%80%99s-progress" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">A Pilgrim’s Progress</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">I read with a sense of nostalgia but with delight the elegant prose of Elmo Rodrigopulle in the Daily News of March 22 informing the reader that Summa Navaratnam will celebrate his birthday, 94 years...</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-25 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-9 gmail-views-row-odd gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/26/features/181283/optimist-heart" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/25/z_p10-An-optimist.jpg?itok=dX0GQrjw" width="728" height="410" alt="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/26/features/181283/optimist-heart" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">An optimist at heart</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">Don Philip Rupasinghe Gunawardena (1901-1972), as a political leader, exercised a profound influence on the thought and imagination of modern Sri Lanka. He was a natural-born leader who instinctively...</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-25 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-10 gmail-views-row-even gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px 10px 0px 0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/25/features/181173/towards-disease-free-sri-lanka" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/24/z_p04-Towards-01.jpg?itok=NQFMNKVu" width="728" height="410" alt="WHO South-East Asia Regional Director Dr. Poonam Khetrapal Singh, Health Minister Dr. Rajitha Senaratne and WHO Director General Dr. Margaret Chan with the Malaria Elimination Certificate awarded to Sri Lanka by the WHO." style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/25/features/181173/towards-disease-free-sri-lanka" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">Towards a disease-free Sri Lanka</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">Sri Lanka has made remarkable progress in disease elimination and has already eliminated several communicable diseases such as polio, diphtheria, neonatal tetanus and whooping cough from the country....</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-24 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-11 gmail-views-row-odd gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px 10px 0px 0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/25/features/181177/slaves-built-galle-fort" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/24/z_p07-Slaves.jpg?itok=aZV6vk7m" width="728" height="410" alt="Entrance to the slave cells, Galle Fort. - Pinterest" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/25/features/181177/slaves-built-galle-fort" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">Slaves built Galle Fort</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">The topic of the piece today was triggered by a conversation with the current High Commissioner in Colombo from South Africa, Ruby Marks, who has also posted on her Facebook page this passage, “...</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-24 19:30:00</div></div></li><li class="gmail-views-row gmail-views-row-12 gmail-views-row-even gmail-views-row-last gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-sm-4 gmail-col-md-4 gmail-col-lg-4 gmail-col4item" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding:0px;float:left;width:205.547px;margin:0px 0px 20px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/25/features/181176/bold-policy-changes-needed" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/24/z_p07-Bold.jpg?itok=UC8CdFrn" width="728" height="410" alt="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/25/features/181176/bold-policy-changes-needed" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">Bold policy changes needed</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:24px;padding:0px 20px 10px 0px"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">According to our age-old tradition, we are expected to treat motherhood with feelings of respect and veneration. Modern sociologists, however, believe that such deification of mothers not only has...</span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-date-publishing" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(153,153,153);font-size:0.85em;margin-bottom:10px"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">2019-03-24 19:30:00</div></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="gmail-item-list" style="box-sizing:border-box"><ul class="gmail-pager gmail-pager-load-more" style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px;padding:0px;text-align:center;list-style:none;clear:both"><li class="gmail-pager-next gmail-first gmail-last" style="box-sizing:border-box;display:inline;margin:0px;padding:0px;background-image:none;list-style-type:none;border-bottom:none;font-size:14px"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/features/181431/northern-politics-during-parliamentary-elections-1950s?page=1" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(30,30,30);outline:none medium;background-image:initial;background-position:0px 0px;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;text-decoration-line:none;display:inline-block;padding:11px 17px;border-top:none;border-right:none;border-bottom:2px solid transparent;border-left:none;border-radius:0px;line-height:1">Load more</a></li></ul></div><div class="gmail-view-footer" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div id="gmail-357011411" style="box-sizing:border-box"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="gmail-region gmail-region-sidebar-second" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div id="gmail-block-views-latest-news-block" class="gmail-block gmail-block-views gmail-clearfix" style="box-sizing:border-box;padding:0px 0px 10px"><h2 class="gmail-title" style="box-sizing:border-box;line-height:1.1;padding:0px;margin:0px 0px 15px;color:inherit;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:21px">Latest News</h2><div class="gmail-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-view gmail-view-latest-news gmail-view-id-latest_news gmail-view-display-id-block gmail-view-dom-id-27c904726e121e055f8fa2552f246b49" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-view-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div id="gmail-views-bootstrap-grid-1" class="gmail-views-bootstrap-grid-plugin-style" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-row" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-lg-6" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;float:left;width:323.328px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><div class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/law-order/181507/court-rejects-gamini-senaraths-request-hapuwinna-released-case" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none"><img src="http://www.dailynews.lk/sites/default/files/styles/node-teaser-default/public/news/2019/03/27/judge.jpg?itok=g6r1C33O" width="728" height="410" alt="" style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; outline: none; vertical-align: middle;"></a></div></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-title" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box"><a href="http://www.dailynews.lk/2019/03/27/law-order/181507/court-rejects-gamini-senaraths-request-hapuwinna-released-case" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(4,79,170);outline:none medium;background:0px 0px;text-decoration-line:none;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px">Court rejects Gamini Senarath's request; Hapuwinna released from the case</a></span></div><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-body" style="box-sizing:border-box"><span class="gmail-field-content" style="box-sizing:border-box">Colombo Permanent High Court-at-Bar  rejected a request made by three...</span></div></div><div class="gmail-col-xs-12 gmail-col-lg-6" style="box-sizing:border-box;min-height:1px;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;float:left;width:323.328px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:15px"><div class="gmail-views-field gmail-views-field-field-image" style="box-sizing:border-box"><br class="gmail-Apple-interchange-newline"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature">=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+<br><br> Harold F. Schiffman<br><br>Professor Emeritus of <br> Dravidian Linguistics and Culture <br>Dept. of South Asia Studies                     <br>University of Pennsylvania<br>Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305<br><br>Phone:  (215) 898-7475<br>Fax:  (215) 573-2138                                      <br><br>Email:  <a href="mailto:haroldfs@gmail.com" target="_blank">haroldfs@gmail.com</a><br><a href="http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~haroldfs/" target="_blank">http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~haroldfs/</a>    <br><br>-------------------------------------------------</div></div>