Quotative "Like"

[Maggie Ronkin]

SUMMARY FOR QUOTATIVE “LIKE”
(omits material in other recent postings)

Thanks again to: Bambi Schieffelin, David Samuels, Harriet Ottenheimer,
Barbara Johnstone, Gary Toth, David Valentine, Hal Schiffman, Debra
Keller-Cohen, Nancy Lemoine, Mary Bucholtz, Peter Patrick, Ellen
Contini-Morava, Kerim Friedman, Marie Helt, and Adrienne Lo.

Comments: One respondent mentioned interest in work on quotative “all”, as
in: He’s all “What are you talking about?” Another forwarded Alice Kahn’s
parody (perhaps an example of mock be + like et al.?) that appeared in the
San Francisco Chronicle and made it to the Linganth List on 12 July 1995.

(1) The vast majority of cites are articles from American Speech and the
Journal of Sociolinguistics. Respondents don’t agree on whether these
articles are accessible to first- and second-year undergraduates. However,
most frequently mentioned are:

Blyth, Jr., Carl., Recktenwald, Sigrid, and Wang, Jenny. 1990. “I’m like,
“say what?!”: A new quotative in American oral narrative.” American Speech
65:215-227.

Ferrara, Kathleen and Bell, Barbara. 1995. “Sociolinguistic variation and
discourse function of constructed dialogue introducers: The case of BE +
LIKE”. American Speech 70:265-290.

Romaine, Suzanne and Lange, D. 1991. “The use of 'like' as a marker of
reported speech and thought: A case of grammaticalization in progress.”
American Speech 66:227-279.

(2) Also, below are interesting sources NOT yet posted to the list or in
American Speech or the Journal of Sociolinguistics (Apologies for overlap
with the on-line bibliography recently posted to this list.):

Daily-O’Cain, Jennifer. 1996. “I don’t want to sound like stupid: The
influence of gender and age on the use of ‘like’ as a discourse marker and
the effect on language attitudes”. Paper presented at NWAVE, Los Vegas,
Nevada, October.

Gilman, Jonathon, Igoe, Matthew, and Lamb, Nel. 1999. “Quotatives: The
progressive grammaticalization of BE + LIKE and introduction of BE  + ALL”.
Paper presented at NWAVE, Toronto, October.

Golato, Andrea. 2000. “An innovative German quotative for reporting embodied
actions: Und ich so/und er so ‘and I’m like/and he’s like’”. Journal of
Pragmatics 32: 29-54.

(3) Finally, here are two sources from the Journal of Sociolinguistics also
based on research outside the USA:

Macaulay, Ronald. 2001. “You’re like ‘Why Not?’: The quotative expressions
of Glasgow adolescents”. Journal of Sociolinguistics 5:3-21.

Tagliamonte, Sali and Hudson, Rachel. 1999. “Be like et al. Beyond America:
The quotative system in British and Canadian Youth”. Journal of
Sociolinguistics 3:147-172.

Thanks once again.

Maggie Ronkin

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