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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" style="font-size: 11pt;" dir="auto"><b>From:</b> Planet Word <social@planetwordmuseum.org><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, May 18, 2026 6:03:12 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Zentella, Ana <azentella@ucsd.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> The Weekly Wordsmith — On Spanglish<br>
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<span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">THE WEEKLY WORDSMITH</span></h2>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Start your week with etymology and fun language facts delivered straight to your inbox!</span></p>
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<span style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ON SPANGLISH</span></h3>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Ana Celia Zentella</span></p>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Professor Emerita in the Department of Ethnic Studies, University of California, San Diego</span></p>
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<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">“Spanglish” is a debated and often misunderstood term that first appeared in a Puerto Rican newspaper article by Salvador Tio’ in 1948. In 2023, the Pew Research Center reported that 63% of U.S.
Latinus* report speaking Spanglish at least sometimes, most frequently (72%) among the second generation. Does Spanglish refer to a mishmash of two languages, a third language, or a style of speaking? Is it a positive or negative label? These questions become
more relevant as the 68 million U.S. Latinus are en route to becoming the largest U.S. ethnic group by 2045.</span></p>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Although 60% of U.S. Latinus (my preferred gender-inclusive term) are of Mexican background, eight other countries each have over one million representatives, and eleven more exceed 75,000. What
do Latinus think about the labels that refer to them? In the 2023 Pew report, half of the U.S. Latinu adults surveyed had never heard the term “Latinx,” and only 4% used it; most preferred “Hispanic,” “Latino,” or their country of origin. Each country speaks
its distinct variety of Spanish, but increasing violence against all Latinus is further fueled by attacks against their Spanish and Spanglish.</span></p>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In 2010, 71% of 115 U.S. Latinus I interviewed with Adam Schwartz approved of the “Spanglish” label (mainly speakers of Spanglish themselves); 25% disapproved, and 4% were indifferent. But the great
majority (94%) defined Spanglish in neutral or positive terms, and decades of research have documented how most Spanglish speakers honor the complex rules of both English and Spanish.</span></p>
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<p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; letter-spacing: 0px; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Spanglish is an in-group and informal style that blends both languages through adapted (“parquear,” meaning “to park”) and unadapted (“el internet”) English loan words, word-for-word translations
of borrowed phrases (“llamar para atra’s”/“to call back”), and switching languages between or within sentences. The New York Puerto Rican children I talked to for my book
<i>Growing Up Bilingual</i> honored the grammatical rules of both languages in 95% of 1,685 code switches. They switched languages for topic or role shifting, quoting, requests, and translating. They often switched complete sentences, e.g., an eight-year-explained,
“We speak both. Hablamos los dos.”</span></p>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">The Spanglish label, along with Chinglish, Taglish, etc. for switches between Chinese, Tagalog or other languages and English force us to confront how language often masks racial and ethnic prejudices
by imposing national, cultural, and linguistic boundaries. The insistence on maintaining strict borders between languages, as if bilinguals were two monolinguals joined at the tongue, has encouraged what I call “La Migra Bilingue” — critics who forbid crossing
language borders, like the Border Patrol. Even Spanglish speakers may think this way, like the high schooler who insisted: “Pochos are people who mix Spanish and English y no deben hablar así” (“and they shouldn’t speak that way”). For those of us who speak
it proudly with each other, alongside Spanish and English with monolinguals, Spanglish is an affirmation of our identity that says, vividly and unapologetically: “We speak both because we are both.”</span></p>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Ana Celia Zentella</b> is Professor Emerita in the Ethnic Studies Department of the University of California San Diego and a member of Planet Word’s Advisory Board. An anthro-political linguist, she studies U.S. Latinu
varieties of Spanish and English and was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2023. She is also the author of the award-winning book
<i>Growing up Bilingual: Puerto Rican Children in New York</i>, co-author of <i>Spanish in New York: Language Contact, Dialect Leveling, and Structural Continuity</i>, and editor of
<i>Multilingual San Diego and Multilingual Philadelphia</i>, written by her students.</span></p>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 11px;"><i>Copyright (C) 2026 Planet Word Museum. All rights reserved.</i><br>
<br>
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