<div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Dear Thomas,<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Thanks for your informative message!<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Your information is consistent with our data.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">What we are interested most is the likely implicational universal as follows:<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">If ordinal numeral precedes the head noun, cardinal numerals do as well.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">What we request for are, first, whether the universal is valid in your data;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">second, whether the universal has been proposed in the literature; third, the respective numbers of languages of <B>OrdN-CardN, NOrd-NCard and OrdN-NCard (and OrdN-CardN</B> if any).<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText
style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">If ordinals behave more adjective-like than cardinals, then, the proposed universal is quite expectable, according to Greenberg¡¯s Universal 18 (When the descriptive adjective precedes the noun, the demonstrative and the numeral, with overwhelmingly more than chance frequency, do likewise).<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Greenberg does not distinguish cardinal and ordinal numerals here. Our current investigation is based on the distinction of the two kinds of numerals. A further question is whether
ordinals are descriptive. ¡®First, second¡¯ may be if interpreted as ¡®primary, secondary¡¯, but how about other ordinals?<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">In passing, we are investigating the relative order between cardinals and ordinals when they both co-occur on the same side of the noun. Our expectation that if both precede, the order is always Card-Ord-N, while both follow, both order are possible, following the pattern of adjectives and numerals in general. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">We hope we can find some answer to
our inquiries in the literature you mentioned, which we are still looking for.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Best<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div> <div class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman">Bingfu <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></div><BR><BR><B><I>Thomas Stolz <stolz@UNI-BREMEN.DE></I></B> wrote: <BLOCKQUOTE class=replbq style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #1010ff 2px solid"> <META content="Microsoft Word 11 (filtered medium)" name=Generator> <STYLE> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:*
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class=Section1> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Dear Bingfu,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">thanks a lot for your answer. Yes, I noticed that there were typos in the original mail.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">The higher degree of adjective-like properties of ordinals as opposed to
cardinals is quite wide-spread. For instance, in my native German, only the cardinal ONE behaves like an adjective (agreement in case and gender) whereas the bulk of the cardinals is indeclinable. However, all and each ordinal has to agree in gender, case and number with its so-called head noun. Note that in German, cardinals and ordinals precede the noun.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">More or less the same picture can be found in other SAE-like languages such as Italian (ONE is like an adjective, from TWO upwards cardinals remain uninflected whereas [ideally] all ordinals inflect for gender and number according to the agreement rules; in addition, Italian cardinals precede the
noun whereas ordinals may be positioned pre-nominally [= preferred position] as well as post-nominally [= marked position under very particular conditions] ¨C and thus behave syntactically a bit more like Italian adjectives which are normally in post-nominal position).<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I am pretty sure that you¡¯ll encounter many such cases throughout (¡°Indo-¡°)<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place>. Have a look at Romance, Germanic, Celtic for that matter (as you already know the Slavic data). By the way, I forgot to tell you that in our project on the Grammar of Ordinaly at the
<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on">university</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Bremen</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>, there are two more people involved, viz. my assistant-to-be Maxim Gorshenin and at Stockholm University, Ljuba Veselinova with whom I have been working on ordinals for quite some time.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Please keep in touch and let us know what you have found out about ordinals in the languages of the area you are scrutinizing.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div
class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Best wishes.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Thomas<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Prof. Dr. Thomas Stolz<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div
class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Universität Bremen<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">FB 10: Linguistik<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PF 330 440<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">D-28 334 Bremen/Germany <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <DIV> <DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <HR tabIndex=-1
align=center width="100%" SIZE=2> </SPAN></FONT></DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><B><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">Von:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"> <st1:PersonName w:st="on">bingfu Lu</st1:PersonName> [mailto:lubingfu@yahoo.com] <BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Gesendet:</SPAN></B> Montag, 20. August 2007 17:02<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">An:</SPAN></B> Thomas Stolz; Linguistic Typology; Renping Jiang<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Betreff:</SPAN></B> Re: AW: word order of cardinals</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></div></DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">Dear Thomas,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">Sorry, there is two typos in my previous posting:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">The title of the posting should be ¡°word order of <FONT color=red><SPAN style="COLOR: red">ordinals</SPAN></FONT>¡±, not ¡°cardinals¡±.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">?lt;o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">We want to know the possible counterexample and relevant literature and data in other languages.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">In addition, in some languages, <FONT color=red><SPAN style="COLOR: red">ordinals</SPAN></FONT>
morphologically belong to adjectives, such as Russian.?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">In Russian, ordinals are more adjective-like than cardinals in the sense that all ordinals are morphologically adjective but not all cardinals.?What we really want to know is that is there any other languages than Slavic where ordinals are more adjective-like than cardinals.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">Thanks for your information of the literature, which is most important and helpful to
our?investigation!</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></div></DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">What you said about the particularity of number ¡®one¡¯ (even if ordinals precede the noun, the cardinal ONE may follow the noun) is totally consistent with our data. Many languages in China behaves like Maltese in this aspect.?Renping may tell you which languages.?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">Best<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 7.5pt">Bingfu
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><BR><BR><B><I><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-STYLE: italic">Thomas Stolz <stolz@UNI-BREMEN.DE></SPAN></I></B> wrote: <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Dear colleagues,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">at the <?xml:namespace prefix = u1 /><u1:place u2:st="on"><u1:PlaceType u2:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on">university</u1:PlaceType></st1:PlaceType> of <u1:PlaceName
u2:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Bremen</u1:PlaceName></u1:place></st1:PlaceName></st1:place>, we are currently conducting a large-scale crosslinguistic study of the grammar of ordinal numerals. We also look at word-order issues and word-class membership problems of numerals. First of all, cardinal numerals behave like adjectives in loads of languages ¨C especially Indo-European ones. However, this is often true only of a certain sub-set of the cardinals (lower cardinals as opposed to higher ones, digits as opposed to decimal values, etc.). Thus, there is a difference between Latvian and Lithuanian on the one hand and Greek on the other: Latvian and Lithuanian treat most of their numerals as adjectives when it comes to agreement while Greek has agreement only for numerals including the digits 1, 3 and 4. Details can be found in the work by Hurford, Veselinova and my own. For the latter see:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT
face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2cm"> <div class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: -2cm; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Stolz, Thomas. </SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">2001. </SPAN></FONT><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">d?„Ordinalia ¨C Linguistisches Neuland. Ein Typologenblick auf die Beziehung zwischen Kardinalia und Ordinalia und die Sonderstellung von EINS und ERSTER.¡°, in <I><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: italic">Was ich noch sagen wollte¡ </SPAN></I></SPAN></FONT><I><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-STYLE: italic">A multilingual Festschrift for Norbert Boretzky on occasion of his 65<SUP>th</SUP>
birthday</SPAN></FONT></I><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">, herausgegeben von Birgit Igla & Thomas Stolz (= Studia Typologica 2). <u1:place u2:st="on"><u1:State u2:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Berlin</u1:State></u1:place></st1:place></st1:State>: Akademie-Verlag, 507-530. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2cm"> <div class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: -2cm; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Stolz, Thomas. 2002. </SPAN></FONT><FONT size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">„Is ‚one¡® still ‚one¡® in ‚tewnty-one¡®? On agreement and government properties of cardinal numerals in the languages of
Europe.¡°, <I><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: italic">Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung</SPAN></I> <B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">55</SPAN></B>, 354-402. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2cm"> <div class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: -2cm; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2cm"> <div class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: -2cm; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">STOLZ, Thomas & VESELINOVA, Ljuba. 2005.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2cm"> <div class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: -2cm; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"> „Ordinal
numerals.¡°, in: <I><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: italic">The World Atlas of Language Structures</SPAN></I>, edited by Martin Haspelmath, Matthew S. Dryer, David Gil & Bernard Comrie. <u1:City u2:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Oxford</u1:City></st1:City>: <u1:place u2:st="on"><u1:PlaceName u2:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Oxford</u1:PlaceName></st1:PlaceName> <u1:PlaceType u2:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</u1:PlaceType></u1:place></st1:PlaceType></st1:place> Press, 218-221.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2cm"> <div class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: -2cm; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV style="MARGIN-LEFT: 2cm"> <div class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: -2cm; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY:
Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Please note that there are also interesting problems on the micro-level: even if ordinals precede the noun, the cardinal ONE may follow the noun (this is the case in Maltese, for instance). <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Good luck with the project and keep me informed<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY:
Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Thomas Stolz<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN lang=EN-GB style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Prof. Dr. Thomas Stolz<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Universität Bremen<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div
class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">FB 10: Linguistik<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">PF 330 440<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">D-28 334 Bremen/Germany<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy;
FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <HR tabIndex=-1 align=center width="100%" SIZE=2> </SPAN></FONT></DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><B><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">Von:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma"> Discussion List for ALT [mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG] <B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Im Auftrag von </SPAN></B><st1:PersonName w:st="on">bingfu Lu</st1:PersonName><BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Gesendet:</SPAN></B> Samstag, 18. August 2007 17:16<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">An:</SPAN></B> LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Betreff:</SPAN></B> word order of cardinals</SPAN></FONT><o:p></o:p></div></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Dear colleagues,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">One colleague of mine is investigating the word order of ordinal numerals. Based on her database of 112 languages in China, she got the following implicational universal: If ordinal numeral precedes the head noun, cardinal numerals does as well. Her data as shown below:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Ord-N & Card-N 53<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE:
12pt">N-Ord & N-Card 52<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">N-Ord & Card-N 15<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">N-Ord & N-Card 0<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">(some languages has two order, therefore, the total numbers of languages above is larger than 112).?We want to know the possible counterexample and relevant literature and data in other languages.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">In addition, in some languages, cardinals morphologically belongs to adjectives, such as Russian.?We also need to know other languages
where cardinals morphologically as adjectives.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Replies to this inquiry can be send to my colleague Renping Jiang (<A href="mailto:renpingjiang@126.com">renpingjiang@126.com</A>) and me.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">If correspondents is enough, we will make a summary.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Bingfu
Lu<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <DIV> <DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Institute of Linguistics<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></DIV> <div class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></div></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><BR>