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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3>Dear Wolfgang,</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace
prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT
face="Times New Roman" size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT
size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN lang=EN-US>I would mention the term
“assistive” which is used e.g. for one of functions of Turkic -(V)s- verb
suffix. Its exact form and range of functions varies across different Turkic
languages, including reciprocal</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: RU"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>(do sth. to each other),
sociative (do sth. together), comitative (do sth. with sb.), assistive (help sb.
do sth.) etc., depending on the type of the verb stem which takes the
suffix.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>It was my impression that the
label “sociative causative” would normally be used for cases where the Causator
is normally the subject and the Causee is a complement. In (Turkic) assistive
constructions, on the contrary, it is the main instigator of the action who is
expressed by a complement (often in dative or with a comitative postposition),
and the participant expressed by the subject only helps the main instigator
(seems to fit Beja examples cited by Martine Vanhove). Shibatani & Pardeshi
(2002) include “assistive” into sociative causation as one of subtypes, but the
Turkic assistive does not seem to have a necessary causation
component.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>For references see (Nedjalkov
2004) and studies of corresponding languages (e.g. Kharitonov 1963, Kharitonov
1982, Shcherbak 1981, in Russian).</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Note that I’m not sure if (and
how) assistive is used with such inanimate participants as the abstract notions
in the example you cite.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=OOBiblioEntry11CxSpFirst style="MARGIN: 2pt 0cm 0pt 11.35pt"><FONT
size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN
class=OSBiblioAuthor><STRONG>Харитонов </STRONG></SPAN>Л. Н. (1963)
<SPAN class=OSBiblioTitle><EM>Залоговые формы глагола в якутском
языке</EM></SPAN>. — М.—Л., 1963.</FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=OOBiblioEntry11CxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 11.35pt"><FONT
size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN
class=OSBiblioAuthor><STRONG>Харитонов </STRONG></SPAN>Л. Н. (1982)
<SPAN class=OSBiblioTitle><EM>Грамматика современного якутского литературного
языка. Фонетика и морфология. —</EM></SPAN> М., 1982.</FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=OOBiblioEntry11CxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 11.35pt"><FONT
size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG><SPAN
class=OSBiblioAuthor>Щербак</SPAN><SPAN class=OSBiblioAuthor><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> </SPAN></SPAN></STRONG>А.<SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> </SPAN>М. (1981) <SPAN
class=OSBiblioTitle><EM>Очерки по сравнительно-исторической морфологии тюркских
языков (Глагол). —</EM></SPAN> Л., 1981.</FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=OOBiblioEntry11CxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 11.35pt"><FONT
size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN class=OSBiblioAuthor><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><STRONG>Nedjalkov </STRONG></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Vladimir</SPAN>. (2004) <SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">R</SPAN>eciprocal constructions in
<SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">T</SPAN>urkic languages<SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> </SPAN>(typological characteristics).
// <SPAN class=OSBiblioTitle><EM>International Symposium</EM></SPAN><SPAN
class=OSBiblioTitle><EM><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">
</SPAN>“Syntactic relations and argument structure” in LENCA series (Languages
of Europe, Northern and Central Asia). Kazan, May 11—14, 2004. </EM></SPAN>—
<SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Kazan</SPAN>, 2004, <SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">p</SPAN>. 2<SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">4</SPAN>–2<SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">7</SPAN>.</FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=OOBiblioEntry11CxSpMiddle style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 11.35pt"><FONT
size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><EM><A
href="http://www.ling.helsinki.fi/uhlcs/LENCA/LENCA-2/information/datei/06-nedjalkov-eng.pdf">http://www.ling.helsinki.fi/uhlcs/LENCA/LENCA-2/information/datei/06-nedjalkov-eng.pdf</A></EM><I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><o:p></o:p></I></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=OOBiblioEntry11CxSpLast style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 2pt 11.35pt"><FONT
size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN class=OSBiblioAuthor><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><STRONG>Shibatani</STRONG></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">, Masayoshi; <SPAN
class=OSBiblioAuthor><STRONG>Pardeshi</STRONG></SPAN>, Prashant (2002) The
causative continuum. // <SPAN class=OSBiblioTitle><EM>The Grammar of
Causation and Interpersonal Manipulation</EM></SPAN>. — (Typological Studies in
Language, 48). — <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City
w:st="on">Amsterdam</st1:City></st1:place>: John Benjamins, 2002,
p. 85–126.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
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style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3>Best regards,</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3>Alexandre</FONT></SPAN></P></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=vanhove@VJF.CNRS.FR href="mailto:vanhove@VJF.CNRS.FR">Vanhove</A>
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A
title=LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG
href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG">LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</A>
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, August 22, 2007 6:09
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: helps
to-X-constructions</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>Dear Wolfgang,<BR><BR>Roper<FONT face="Courier New, Courier">,
E.M. (1928. <I>"Tu Bedawi". An Elementary Handbook for the Use of Sudan
Government Officials</I>. London) </FONT>gives, in Beja (Northern Cushitic)
for the verbal derived form he calls "reciprocal and social" of the so-called
"weak" verbs the following comment "The reciprocal form may mean to help or
accompany another in doeing". Unfortunatly the sole example he provides
belongs to the "accompany" semantic field (<I>baraa Daabenhob henén
<U>Daabsamne</U> </I>- sorry the diaritics are missing) "when they run we
will-run-with-(them).) <BR>But for "strong" verbs (which have a different
morphology), under the derived formed simply labelled as "reciprocal" he
provides the following comment (p. 73) "In the singular it means - to assist
another in doing. In the plural it means - to do to each other." His examples
are: <I>aneb amogaada </I>"help me throw" (from <I>gid</I> throw), baro
amodaarheb "help me to kill him" (lit. he.accusative help to kill-me; from
<I>gid </I>"kill").<BR><BR>Two French colleagues of mine are working on the
subject at the moment, they use the label "sociative causative", and you can
contact them (Françoise Rose : rose@vjf.cnrs.fr, and Antoine Guillaume <FONT
face="Courier New, Courier"
color=#0000ff><U>aguillau@ish-lyon.cnrs.fr</U></FONT>). They'll present a
paper on this topic during the next ALT conference in Paris.<BR><BR>Best
wishes<BR><BR>Martine Vanhove<BR><BR>A 15:18 22/08/2007 +0200, Prof. Dr.
Wolfgang Schulze a écrit :<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE class=cite cite="" type="cite">
<DIV>Dear Colleagues,<BR><FONT color=#000099>just a little question: Does
anybody has a term for what can be called "helps-to-X"-constructions, as in
"Genetic variation *helps to* understand predisposition to schizophrenia"?
(horribile dictu: Adjuvative?) And: is there any evidence that this function
has become grammaticalized in terms of verbal morphology?<BR>Many thanks in
advance and best wishes,<BR>Wolfgang<BR><BR>-- <BR><BR><B>Prof. Dr. Wolfgang
Schulze
<BR></B><BR></FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>