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<TITLE>Re: Expression of threat</TITLE>
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<FONT FACE="Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE='font-size:12.0px'>Dear Alexander,<BR>
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your example immediately reminded me of a piece of dialogue in a classic of Finnish literature, Aleksis Kivi’s play “Nummisuutarit” (The Heath Cobblers, 1864):<BR>
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IIVARI. En missään turmeluksen tiellä, äiti. Menin vaan Junttihuhtaan<BR>
koiranpenikkoja katsomaan, ja koska oli siellä sauna valmis, niin jäin<BR>
kylpömään ja makasin yöseen talossa.<BR>
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MARTTA. Kyllä minä sinun penikoitsen ja kylvön. (Aikoo piestä häntä).<BR>
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Iivari [the son who has not come home before morning]: No, [I was] nowhere on the road of depravity, mother. I just went to Junttihuhta [name of a farm] to see the dog’s puppies, and since they had the sauna ready (heated), I stayed there to bath and slept overnight at the farm.<BR>
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Martta [the angry mother]: I will whelp and bath you! (Wants to beat him).<BR>
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***<BR>
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The verb penikoitse- ‘to whelp’ (derived from penikka ‘whelp, puppy’) can be understood as a transitive verb, but the transitive use of “kylvön” ‘I bath’ is certainly very unusual.<BR>
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I wouldn’t say that this construction is usual or normal in Finnish (at least not in my native idiolect) -- this is probably why I remembered this passage so clearly — but I have no problems in understanding it as a threat. In any case, Martta’s threat also displays some other features typical of threats in Finnish: object (sinun ‘you’) before verb and the sentence-initial “kyllä” (‘oh yes’).<BR>
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Finnish also knows equivalents to the constructions of the type “I’ll teach him to / show him” already mentioned here.<BR>
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Best<BR>
JL<BR>
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-- <BR>
Univ.-Prof. Dr. Johanna Laakso<BR>
Universität Wien, EVSL Abteilung Finno-Ugristik<BR>
Campus AAKH Spitalgasse 2-4 Hof 7<BR>
A-1090 Wien<BR>
johanna.laakso@univie.ac.at | <a href="http://homepage.univie.ac.at/Johanna.Laakso/">http://homepage.univie.ac.at/Johanna.Laakso/</a><BR>
Tel. +43 1 4277 43019 | Fax +43 1 4277 9430<BR>
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