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Dear Stefanie and everyone,<BR>
<BR>
In Adyghe, a West Caucasian (Circassian) language, the antipassive / object impersonal meaning is expressed by the change of the final root vowel from schwa to -e. Interestingly this operation goes in different ways for verbs 'eat' vs. 'drink' and 'read' vs. all other verbs:<BR>
<BR>
- with all verbs but 'eat', 'drink' and 'read' in antipassive forms, the patient cannot be expressed in any way. The antipassive verb is morphologically intransitive and monovalent: the former A becomes an S, is marked with absolutive and cross-referenced with absolutive prefixes:<BR>
<BR>
a-<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US>š' pis'me-r je-tx<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>ǝ</SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>that-OBL letter-ABS DYN (dynamic verb)-write (transitive)</SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>'he writes a letter'</SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN> <BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>a-r ma-txe</SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>that-ABS DYN-write (antipassive)</SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>'he writes' (patient is unexpressable)</SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN> <BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>- with 'eat' in the antipassive form, the patient can be expressed, but with an instrumental peripheral NP which does not take part in verbal cross-reference</SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN> <BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>a-<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US>š' l<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>ǝ-r je-<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US>šx</SPAN><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>ǝ</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>that-OBL meat-ABS DYN-eat (transitive)</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>'he eats meat'</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN> <BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>a-r (l<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>ǝ-<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA" lang=EN-US>č̣</SPAN>'e) </SPAN> ma-<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US>šxe</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US>that-ABS meat-INS DYN-eat</SPAN><BR></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>'he eats - or, with instrumental, he feeds on meat'</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN> <BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US>- finally, with 'read' and 'drink' in antipassive forms, the patient is expressed with an oblique NP, the verb is intransitive bivalent, and the patient is morphologically marked as an indirect object (I think the letter is a bit too long but I can also send these examples).</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><BR>Yours sincerely,<BR><BR>Alexander Letuchiy, Moscow</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><BR>
<SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Charis SIL Compact'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'" lang=EN-US></SPAN> <BR></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>
<BR>
Am 20.12.2011 17:46, schrieb Stefanie Fauconnier: <BR>
<DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE cite=mid:4EF0BBCD.8040803@arts.kuleuven.be>Dear colleagues, <BR><BR>I am looking for examples of antipassive constructions where it is syntactically impossible to overtly express the original O argument as an oblique-marked adjunct. <BR><BR>In the following example from Tzutujil, the transitive verb has antipassive marking. Normally, this verb takes an A and an O argument, but in this construction it appears that only the A can be mentioned (Dayley 1985:346). <BR><BR>Jaa7 ma xa ko7 nchapooni <BR>3SG a lot scolds/grabs.ANTIP <BR>'He scolds/grabs a lot' <BR><BR>The reverse phenomenon appears to be well attested: it is not very difficult to find examples of passives that do not allow overt expression of the A. It is my impression that this is not the case for antipassives. In fact, Tzutujil is the only example I know of. Of course this impression might be wrong, so if anyone has other examples I would like to hear about them. <BR><BR>Best wishes, <BR><BR>Stefanie Fauconnier <BR>University of Leuven <BR><BR></BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt">Tel.: 0049-(0)89-2180-2486 (Secretary) </SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" lang=EN-US>0049-(0)89-2180-5343 (Office) </SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" lang=FR>Fax:<SPAN class=ecxGramE> 0049</SPAN>-(0)89-2180-5345 </SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" lang=FR>Email: </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt"><A href="mailto:W.Schulze@lrz.uni-muenchen.de"><SPAN lang=FR>W.Schulze@lrz.uni-muenchen.de</SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" lang=FR> /// </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt"><A href="mailto:Wolfgang.Schulze@lmu.de"><SPAN lang=FR>Wolfgang.Schulze@lmu.de</SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" lang=FR> </SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" lang=EN-US>Web: <A href="http://www.ats.lmu.de/index.html" target=_blank>http://www.ats.lmu.de/index.html</A> </SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" lang=EN-US>Personal homepage: <A href="http://www.wolfgangschulze.in-devir.com/" target=_blank>http://www.wolfgangschulze.in-devir.com</A></SPAN></P>
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