<div dir="ltr">Dear Suzanne,<br>You might also want to have a look at Thai, e.g. the grammar by David Smyth, or the "Thai Reference Grammar" by James Higbie & Snea Thinsan. In the latter there are some useful examples and explanations on pages 137-139, like for instance:<br>
<br>(1) ผมให้เขาไปซื้ของ<br>pʰǒm hâj kʰáw paj sɯ́ː kʰɔ̌ːŋ<br>1SG.MASC give 3.HUM go buy thing<br>'I had him go and buy something.'<br><br>There are some more examples of this in the book. A more common way to form causative constructions in Thai, though, is with a serial verb construction involving ทำให้ [tʰam hâj], literally "make give". There, ให้ [hâj] (give) usually introduces the beneficient, or maleficient, as in the following example (from a book I am reading):<br>
<br>(2) เรื่องราวเกี่ยวกับข้อมูลทำให้เราเวียนหัวได้เสมอ<br>rɯ̂ːaŋraːw kìːaw kàp kʰɔ̂ːmuːn tʰam hâj raw wiːan hǔːa dâːj sàmɤ̌ː<br>story be_concerned with data make give 1PL spin head can always<br>
'Stories about (these) data can always make our heads spin.'<br><br>I'm not sure if this last example might be useful for you. Anyways, any Thai grammar should have something about ให้ [hâj] 'to give', which can be used as an causativizer.<br>
<br><br>Best wishes,<br>- André Müller<br>(University of Leipzig)<br><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">2012/3/28 Suzanne Kemmer <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:kemmer@rice.edu">kemmer@rice.edu</a>></span><br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Hi all,<br>
<br>
I have been queried about something I wrote a long time ago, and I did not<br>
document the facts well enough to easily find more examples of a particular kind.<br>
<br>
Does anyone know of any languages in which the causative verb in an analytic causative construction<br>
is a verb literally meaning 'give'? The example I came across in fieldwork and mentioned in my<br>
paper with Arie Verhagen is: Luo MIYO 'give' which is used as an analytic causative verb.<br>
<br>
The easiest way to sum up the analytic causative construction I am talking about<br>
is: [ Causer V(of causation) Causee V (Patient) ] .<br>
<br>
Examples include English 'I made her laugh' and the French FAIRE causative.<br>
<br>
Case marking/grammatical relations of the participants can vary across languages; word order can vary. The second verb - the<br>
one with the variable lexical content, which expresses a predicate of result in this construction -- may or may not be finite, and if non-finite may or may not have an infinitive marker.<br>
<br>
The range of meanings of the construction should include 'X made Y do something'/ 'X caused Y to do something'.<br>
<br>
The reason:<br>
I am aware that some languages do not sharply distinguish 'strict causation' from<br>
other force dynamic configurations like allowing or ordering; such meanings are often found with such constructions as well as 'strict causation'.<br>
'Strict causation', which I have often been told is the only interpretation of such constructions that is typologically relevant, means causation<br>
as logicians define it: The caused predicate follows the causing predicate (or its associated specific action) in time; and, supposedly, it would not have taken place had not X done something unspecified that is expressed schematically by the causing predicate.<br>
Since many linguists are most interested in this 'logical' causation, I wanted to make sure examples of the construction include the meaning 'make Y do'. Not just 'let Y do', 'order Y to do' , etc.<br>
<br>
Thanks for any help!<br>
<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">Suzanne Kemmer<br>
</font></span></blockquote></div><br></div>