<HTML><HEAD></HEAD>
<BODY dir=ltr>
<DIV dir=ltr>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; COLOR: #000000">
<DIV><STRONG>SORRY! The letter escaped before I had finished to write
it!....</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; COLOR: #000000"> </DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: none; DISPLAY: inline">
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt tahoma">
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=paoram@unipv.it
href="mailto:paoram@unipv.it">Paolo Ramat</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, May 26, 2013 4:55 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=eitan.grossman@MAIL.HUJI.AC.IL
href="mailto:eitan.grossman@MAIL.HUJI.AC.IL">Eitan Grossman</A> ; <A
title=LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG
href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG">LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</A>
</DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: accusative + analytical DO markers</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: none; DISPLAY: inline">
<DIV dir=ltr>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; COLOR: #000000">
<DIV>Dear Typologists,</DIV>
<DIV>May 26 Sergey has written: <FONT face="Times New Roman">the noun of these
Romance varieties lost its inflection for case long ago. It is clear that both
Standard Spanish and South Italian developed their famous <EM>He visto
<U>a</U></EM> <EM>Maria/ Ho visto <U>a</U></EM> <EM>Maria </EM>after
the loss of cases. He’s right. and the introduction of the preposition
<EM>a</EM> means a return to a case marking system. Of course </FONT><FONT
face="Times New Roman">García-Miguel is right when he writes that </FONT><FONT
face="Times New Roman">“Nouns do not vary for case, and I would not say that
<I>Maria </I>is accusative [case] in </FONT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><EM>Ho
visto a Maria”.</EM> Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that <EM>Maria</EM>
<STRONG>is </STRONG>the OBJ (the goal) of the action of seeing. We have to
distinguish between case marking and roles (theta roles): a system where the OBJ
(= Patient/Goal) has a marker is usually called a nomin./accusat. oriented
system.<BR></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>To Etan Grossman (et alii):</DIV>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#000000><FONT
face=Batang><I><SPAN lang=FR>a mí non me pesa</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=FR> (Cantar
de Mio Cid, v. 1480)</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></P><FONT color=#000000 size=3
face="Times New Roman"></FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#000000><FONT
face=Batang><SPAN lang=EN-GB>to me.pron neg <A href="http://me.cl"
target=_blank>me.cl</A> grieve.prs.3sg, i.e.
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#000000><FONT face=Batang>‘It does not grieve me’
</FONT></FONT></FONT></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#000000>has a perfect pendant in Mod. It. <EM>a me non mi pesa</EM>.
However I wonder whether <EM>pesar(e)</EM> is really a transit. verb with an
object -at least in this context (what could be the OBJ in this
sentence?)</FONT></FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Batang><FONT face=Calibri>. Speaking
again in traditional terms, I think that <EM>mi</EM> is more a kind of Dative
(the Experiencer) rather than an Accus. (the Patient) and that <EM>a
me</EM> is the emphatic focussing of <EM>mi,</EM> placed in first position
(=left dislocation). A better example would be <EM>A me non mi ha visto nessuno
</EM>‘Nobody saw me’ with a clear transit. verb like ‘to see’. Here we have a
good case of two distinct flags for the OBJ. Without left dislocation (but
without emphasis) you can also have <EM>Non mi </EM>[OBJ] <EM>ha visto nessuno
</EM>(see M. Berretta, Accusat. preposizionale in ital. settentrionale,<EM> Vox
Rom. 48/1989.</EM> She speaks (p. 34) of the usage of <EM>a</EM> as OBJ
marker as a “small step from a pragmatic to a syntactic
order”</FONT> </FONT><FONT face=Calibri>)</FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">Best wishes
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">Paolo
<DIV
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: none; DISPLAY: inline"><FONT
size=3></FONT>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt tahoma">
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A
title=eitan.grossman@MAIL.HUJI.AC.IL
href="mailto:eitan.grossman@MAIL.HUJI.AC.IL">Eitan Grossman</A> <STRONG>
</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, May 26, 2013 3:55 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG
href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG">LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</A>
</DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: accusative + analytical DO markers</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: none; DISPLAY: inline">
<DIV dir=ltr>
<DIV>It's interesting that the terminology used seems to determine the way that
languages look to us. So if we take the view that 'accusative case' and
'analytic direct object markers' are really different, then one can say that
Spanish has a case distinction in pronouns as well as an 'analytic direct object
marker.' </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>But since clitics and affixes are often hard to tell apart, as are
adpositions and case markers, one might just say that some varieties of Spanish
have both differential indexing (<EM>la </EM>vs. nothing) and differential
flagging (<EM>a </EM>vs. nothing). This would give a different grouping, since
the person indexes ('pronominal clitics') wouldn't be an instance of
'case-marked pronouns,' but the accusative marker (<EM>a</EM>) <EM>would </EM>be
a flag.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>There are some examples already in Old Spanish of both indexing and
flagging in the same clause, taken from an article by Dufter & Stark 2008*,
e.g.,</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000000 size=3 face="Times New Roman"></FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#000000><FONT
face=Batang><I><SPAN lang=FR>a mí non me pesa</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=FR> (Cantar
de Mio Cid, v. 1480)</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></P><FONT color=#000000 size=3
face="Times New Roman"></FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#000000><FONT
face=Batang><SPAN lang=EN-GB>to me.pron neg <A href="http://me.cl"
target=_blank>me.cl</A> grieve.prs.3sg</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></P><FONT
color=#000000 size=3 face="Times New Roman"></FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#000000><FONT face=Batang>‘It does not grieve
me.’</FONT></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><FONT color=#000000 size=3
face="Times New Roman"></FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#000000><FONT
face=Batang><I><SPAN lang=FR></SPAN></I></FONT></FONT></FONT> </P>
<P style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#000000><FONT
face=Batang><I><SPAN lang=FR>a Él le plaziendo, muriera</SPAN></I><SPAN lang=FR>
(Rimado de Palacio, 1378-1406)</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></P><FONT
color=#000000 size=3 face="Times New Roman"></FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT color=#000000><FONT
face=Batang><SPAN lang=EN-GB>to God <A href="http://him.cl"
target=_blank>him.cl</A> like.ger
die.fut.3sg</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></P><FONT color=#000000 size=3
face="Times New Roman"></FONT>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#000000><FONT face=Batang>‘If He (God) likes it, he will
die.’</FONT></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><FONT color=#000000 size=3
face="Times New Roman"></FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>There are also plenty of examples of this sort of thing in Semitic
languages (e.g., Ge'ez, different varieties of Aramaic), where it's often called
'prolepsis.' But I'm sure that Sergey knows a lot more about this than I do.
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>So I think that in order to focus the question, one might ask: are there
cases in which P is simultaneously marked by two distinct flags?</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN lang=FR style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Garamond','serif'"><FONT size=3><FONT
color=#000000>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"
align=left>*Dufter, A. & Stark, E., 2008. ‘Double indirect object marking in
Spanish and Italian,’ in <SPAN lang=FR
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Garamond','serif'">Seoane, E. & López-Couso, María José
(eds.). Theoretical and empirical issues in grammaticalization.
Amsterdam/Philadelphia : John Benjamins. </SPAN><FONT
face="Times New Roman">11</FONT>1-129.</P></FONT>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"
align=left></P></FONT>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"
align=left></P></SPAN>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"
align=left></P><FONT color=#000000 size=3
face="Times New Roman"></FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_extra><BR><BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Sun, May 26, 2013 at 2:19 PM, Sergey Lyosov <SPAN
dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:sergelyosov@inbox.ru"
target=_blank>sergelyosov@inbox.ru</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE class=gmail_quote
style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid">
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">Dear
Paolo,<BR>yes, this is correct, but the noun of these Romance varieties lost
its inflection for case long ago. It is clear that both Standard Spanish
and South Italian developed their famous <EM>He visto
<U>a</U></EM> <EM>Maria/ Ho visto <U>a</U></EM> <EM>Maria </EM>after
the loss of cases. </SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">You
say:</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal>
<DIV class=im><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">The use of DOM is subject to
certain constraints: the OBJ has to be [+human] or, at least,
[+anim],[+definite] etc.</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">
</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif"> </SPAN></DIV><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><BR> I
believe the </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">[+definite] constraint does
not apply at least to Spanish.</SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> With all best
wishes,</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">
Sergey</SPAN></P><BR>Воскресенье, 26 мая 2013, 11:53 +02:00 от Paolo Ramat
<<A href="mailto:paoram@UNIPV.IT" target=_blank>paoram@UNIPV.IT</A>>:
<DIV>
<DIV class=h5><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; MARGIN: 10px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(8,87,166) 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'">
<DIV>Dear All,</DIV>
<DIV>DOM as obligatory marking of Direct Object (DO) is a well-known feature
of (South)Italian dialects and other Romance varieties (e.g. Catalan)</DIV>
<DIV>I wouldn’t consider<EM> Ich gehe durch den Gang</EM> as an ex. of DO.
As Sergey rightly states, we have here a PP specifying the notion of
‘gehen’.</DIV>
<DIV>But when you have <EM>Ho visto <U>a</U></EM> <EM>Maria</EM> ‘I saw
Mary’ instead of standard Italian <EM>Ho visto Maria,</EM> Catal<EM>.
</EM><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN><EM>les monges<SPAN>
</SPAN>no estimen <U>a</U> les nenes</EM><SPAN> <FONT
face=Calibri>‘the nuns don’t lik the girls’,
</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></FONT><EM>a</EM> is a real DO marker and the
construction is Nomin./Accus. The use of DOM is subject to certain
constraints: the OBJ has to be [+human] or, at least, [+anim],[+definite]
etc.</DIV>
<DIV>References: A. Ledgeway, <EM>From Latin to Romance</EM>, OUP 2012.<FONT
face=Batang> </FONT><SPAN><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Iemmolo, Giorgio
(2009), La marcatura differenziale dell’oggetto in siciliano
antico.<SPAN> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><I><SPAN lang=EN-GB>Arch. Glottol.
Ital.</SPAN></I></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> 94:
185-<SPAN> </SPAN>225; <FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Iemmolo,
Giorgio</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> and Gerson Klumpp (in
preparation). <EM>Differential Object Marking: theoretical and empirical
issues</EM>. Special issue of
<EM>Linguistics</EM>.</FONT></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'">All best</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'">Paolo</DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: none; DISPLAY: inline">
<DIV
style="FONT: 10pt tahoma; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal">
<DIV><FONT size=3 face=Calibri></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: rgb(245,245,245)">
<DIV><B>From:</B> <A title=sergelyosov@INBOX.RU
href="https://e.mail.ru/sentmsg?mailto=mailto%3asergelyosov@INBOX.RU"
target=_blank>Sergey Lyosov</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, May 25, 2013 9:20 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG
href="https://e.mail.ru/sentmsg?mailto=mailto%3aLINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG"
target=_blank>LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: accusative + analytical DO
markers</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT-SIZE: small; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri'; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; TEXT-DECORATION: none; DISPLAY: inline"><BR>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">Dear Ewa,</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">thanks a lot!</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">Your Polish example is as follows:</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"> </P>
<P
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt">-
<SPAN> </SPAN><EM>zaatakować</EM><SPAN> </SPAN>‘attack, assault’ +
NPACC</P>
<P
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt">-
<SPAN> </SPAN><EM>napaść</EM><SPAN> </SPAN>‘attack, assault’ +
preposition<SPAN> </SPAN><EM>na<SPAN> </SPAN></EM>with a NPACC (a
grammaticalized allative construction).</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt">The cognate Russian verbs have the same
government:</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt">atakovat' ‘attack, assault’ + NPACC</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt"><SPAN lang=RU>napast' </SPAN>‘attack,
assault’ + preposition<SPAN> </SPAN><EM>na<SPAN> </SPAN></EM>with
a NPACC</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt"><SPAN lang=RU></SPAN> </P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt"><SPAN>Our colleague Scott T.
Shell</SPAN> suggests me (within this thread) a similar example from</P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt"><SPAN>German:</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt"> </P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">Den
Mann habe
ich
gesehen.</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">DEF.ACC
man AUX 1SG.NOM
saw</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">'I
say the man.'</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif"></SPAN> </P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">Ich
gehe durch
den
Gang</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">1SG.NOM
go through
DEF.ACC hallway</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">'I go
through the hallway.'</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">Yet neither
Polish/Russian </SPAN><EM
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">na</EM><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif"> nor German
durch are Direct Object Markers pure and simple, they both retain their
meanings as lative/locative prepositions. What I am looking for is a “pure”
and (under certain conditions) obligatory Direct Object Marker (like `et in
Hebrew) which synchronically has no other (more concrete) meanings. I wonder
if this kind of DOM is at all compatible with ACC (which would amount to
double marking of the Direct Object).</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">I
will address your Coptic example in the next email.</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif"> All
best,</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman',serif">
Sergey</SPAN></P><BR><BR>Суббота, 25 мая 2013, 16:37 UTC от "Zakrzewska,
E.D." <<A href="mailto:E.D.Zakrzewska@uva.nl"
target=_blank>E.D.Zakrzewska@uva.nl</A>>:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; MARGIN: 10px; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(8,87,166) 1px solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: tahoma; DIRECTION: ltr">
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman">Dear
Sergey,</FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><FONT
face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">A good example is
Polish, compare:<SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">-<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal">
</SPAN></SPAN><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">zaatakować</SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> ‘attack, assault’
+ NPACC </SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">-<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal">
</SPAN></SPAN><I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">napaść</SPAN></I><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"> ‘attack, assault’
+ preposition <I>na </I>with a NPACC (a grammaticalized allative
construction).</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN> </P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Another example
may be Coptic (Afroasiatic, the final stage of Ancient Egyptian). In
Coptic there are two strategies to mark the direct object: head-marking
and dependent-marking. Head-marking involves the use of the so-called
</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">construct or
pronominal state allomorph of the verb to which a nominal, respectively
pronominal direct object is attached. When the verb appears in the
absolute state allomorph, </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">dependent-marking
of the object by means of a preposition is required. Several prepositions
can occur in this function, of which <I>n-</I> (dedicated preposition) and
<I>e-</I> (grammaticalization of the allative) are most
important.<SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Basic information
about Coptic grammar can be found in </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Reintges C.H.,
<I>Coptic Egyptian (Sahidic dialect): a learner's grammar</I>,
</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Köln:
Köppe, 2004. I’m currently working on a comprehensive article on
transitivity in Coptic, to be published in the <I>Proceedings of the 10th
International Congress of Coptic Studies in Rome</I> and I can send you a
copy soon.<SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN> </P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Best
regards,</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">Ewa
Zakrzewska</SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"></SPAN> </P>
<P> </P>
<P> </P>
<HR>
<DIV><FONT color=#000000 face=Tahoma><B>Van:</B> Discussion List for ALT
[<A href="mailto:LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org"
target=_blank>LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org</A>] namens Sergey Lyosov
[<A href="mailto:sergelyosov@inbox.ru"
target=_blank>sergelyosov@inbox.ru</A>]<BR><B>Verzonden:</B> vrijdag 24
mei 2013 19:35<BR><B>To:</B> <A
href="mailto:LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org"
target=_blank>LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org</A><BR><B>Onderwerp:</B>
accusative + analytical DO markers<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<P>Dear colleagues, <BR>Do we know of languages that have both the
accusative case and analytical direct object markers (pre- or
postpositions)?</P>
<P>Lots of thanks, <BR>Sergey</P>
<P>Dr. Sergey Loesov<BR>Oriental Institute<BR>Russian State University for
the Humanities<BR>6 Miusskaya pl. Moscow 125267, Russia.</P>
<P> </P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><BR></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><BR></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><BR
clear=all><BR>-- <BR>
<DIV dir=ltr>Eitan Grossman
<DIV>Lecturer, Department of Linguistics/School of Language Sciences<BR></DIV>
<DIV>Hebrew University of Jerusalem</DIV>
<DIV>Tel: +972 2 588 1885</DIV>
<DIV>Fax: +972 2 588
0265</DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>