<div dir="ltr"><div><div><div>Dear all, especially the linguists who answered my email,<br><br></div>thank you very much for all the comments, answers, links, references and also articles sent to me. <br><br></div>best wishes,<br>
</div>Raheleh Izadifar , PhD student, BuAli Sina University, Iran<br><br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Jan 10, 2014 at 2:15 AM, Felicity Meakins <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:f.meakins@uq.edu.au" target="_blank">f.meakins@uq.edu.au</a>></span> wrote:<br>
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<div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:medium">Dear Raheleh,</span></div>
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<div style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:medium">One mechanism might be language contact. The Gurindji ergative marker became a nominative marker as a result of
 contact with Kriol in the formation of </span>Gurindji Kriol <span style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:medium">which is a mixed language. This change had an intermediate stage whereby Gurindji Kriol was originally an optional
 ergative language and then became a (optional) marked nominative language (as the ergative marker extended to subjects of transitive clauses).</span></div>
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<font face="Calibri">Meakins, Felicity. 2009. The case of the shifty ergative marker: A pragmatic shift in the ergative marker in one Australian mixed language. In Jóhanna Barddal & Shobhana Chelliah (eds.), <i>The Role of Semantics
 and Pragmatics in the Development of Case.</i> Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 59-91.</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri">---. to appear. From absolutely optional to only nominally ergative: The life cycle of the Gurindji Kriol ergative suffix. In Nino Amiridze, Peter Arkadiev & Francesco Gardani (eds.), <i>Borrowed Morphology</i>.
 Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</font></p>
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<font face="Calibri">Meakins, Felicity & Carmel O'Shannessy. 2010. Ordering arguments about: Word order and discourse motivations in the development and use of the ergative marker in two Australian mixed languages. <i>Lingua </i>120.7:
 1693–713.</font></p>
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<div style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:medium">Felicity</div>
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<span style="font-size:8pt;color:gray;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14px;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">_________________________________________</span></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:8pt;color:gray;font-family:Arial,sans-serif">FELICITY MEAKINS </span><span style="color:rgb(128,128,128);font-size:11px;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"> |</span><span style="color:rgb(128,128,128);font-size:11px;font-family:Arial,sans-serif"> ARC
 Research Fellow</span></p>
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 University of Queensland | </span></p>
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