<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;">Urmas beat me to it -- though I'm less enthusiastic than he is that <span style="font-family: LucidaGrande;">specialised olfactory derivational morphology</span> is really so common. The <span style="font-family: LucidaGrande;">languages that are on record as having possibly extensive basic smell terminologies would probably be the likeliest candidates, but </span><span style="font-family: LucidaGrande;">I'm not sure whether they have this sort of thing, let alone non-derived verbs incorporating the olfactory source, like those from Garifuna and Chinese that Steffen and Randy mention.</span><div><div><br></div><div>Among the languages with affixes to derive verbs from nouns that specifically mean 'to smell (perhaps also: taste) of N' are German, especially older stges, but perhaps dialects are continuing this:<div><div><br></div><div><img apple-inline="yes" id="894234C7-44AE-4C6B-8938-AA725DC3E054" height="206" width="640" apple-width="yes" apple-height="yes" src="cid:ECBEA017-0DD3-4074-9FC9-D744BE193929@Speedport_W_722V_Typ_B"></div><div><img apple-inline="yes" id="2F4F2394-4A42-4342-826C-3EDE39F481C8" height="75" width="459" apple-width="yes" apple-height="yes" src="cid:1FD8E184-1668-42F0-89F9-C59149A9983A@Speedport_W_722V_Typ_B"></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Source of this exctract:</div><div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Gentium;">Plank, S. & F. Plank. 1995. Unsägliche Gerüche: Versuche, trotzdem vom Riechen zu sprechen. In: <i>Das Riechen</i>, ed. by B. Busch & U. Brandes, 59-72. (Schriftenreihe Forum, 5.) Göttingen: Steidl. </span></div><div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Gentium;"><br></span></div><div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Gentium;"><br></span></div><div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Gentium;">Another possibly relevant language (copied from my old notes, hence the font and formating problems; raised TM is presumably a schwa):</span></div><div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Gentium;"><br></span></div><div><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Gentium;"><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>Palauan (Austronesian)</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>Source: Josephs, Lewis S., et al. (1975): <i>Palauan Reference Grammar. </i>Honolulu: </b><b>University Press of Hawaii.</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b><br></b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>(1) State verbs with prefix <i>b</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>-</i>, <i>k</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>- </i>denoting (unpleasant, disagreeable) smells (p179)</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>NOUN <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>STATE VERB</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>bau 'smell' <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b™k™bau 'to smell of rotten meat or fish'</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>riam™l 'football fruit' <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b™k™riam™l 'to smell of football fruit' (i.e. sweaty)</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>ch™luch 'coconut oil' <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b™k™ch™luch 'to smell of coconut oil'</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>katuu 'cat' <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b™k™katuu 'to smell of a cat'</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>uel 'turtle' <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b™k™uel 'to smell of turtle (after eating turtle)'</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>ngik™l 'fish' <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b™k™ngik™l 'to smell of fish'</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>-s™ngor™ch [bound stem] <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>b™k™s™ngor™ch 'to smell of a male pig, like a pig’s </b><b>house'</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b><br></b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>(2) State verbs with prefixes <i>b</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>k</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>-/s</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>k</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>-</i>, sometimes with different meanings,</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>though most often habitual or frequentative ('to VERB a lot') (pp177-179)</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>(<i>b</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>k</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>-/s</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>k</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>- </i>may contain the prefix <i>b</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>-</i>)</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>NOUN <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>STATE VERB</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>-tung™l [bound stem] <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b™k™tung™l 'to have a keen sense of smell'</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>s™k™tung™l 'to like to smell things'</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>(cf. transitive verb: </b><b>m™lung™l 'to smell')</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b><br></b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>(3) State verbs with prefix <i>b</i></b><span style="font-size: 12.5px;"><b>™</b></span><b><i>-</i>, various meanings, typically denoting states or conditions</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>characterized by the presence of whatever the corresponding noun refers to (p176)</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>NOUN <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>STATE VERB</b></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><b>chochod (type of tree from <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b™chochod </b><span style="font-family: Helvetica;">'to be fragrant'</span></div><div style="margin: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-family: Times;"><div style="margin: 0px;">which incense is made)</div></div></span></div><div><span style="font-family: LucidaGrande;"> </span><br style="font-family: LucidaGrande;"><div style="font-family: LucidaGrande;"><br></div><div style="font-family: LucidaGrande;"><br></div></div><div apple-content-edited="true">
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<br><div><div>On 18 Mar 2014, at 13:42, Steffen Haurholm-Larsen <<a href="mailto:steffen.haurholm-larsen@ISW.UNIBE.CH">steffen.haurholm-larsen@ISW.UNIBE.CH</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite">
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Dear subscribers,<br>
<br>
It has been observed that such concepts as SEE, HEAR, TOUCH, TASTE
and SMELL are in some languages encoded together in just a couple of
verbs while other languages have more (see Åke Viberg's "Verbs of
Perception" in <i>Language Typology and Universals: An
International Handbook </i>(2001)). Furthermore, there may be a
distinction between 'experience' and 'source' and for the latter,
the source may be included in a peripheral NP, e.g. 'my hands smell
<u>of fish</u>'. <br>
But how common is it for the source NP to be lexically encoded
in the verb? In Garifuna, an Arawak language spoken in Central
America traditionally by a fishing people, there are two verbs for
the emission of (bad) smell: <i>hingi</i>- 'stink' and <i>hase</i>-
'smell of fish'. Is it common for languages to encode culturally
salient NP smell sources (or other source NPs) into verbs of
perception?<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
<br>
Steffen Haurholm-Larsen<br>
Universität Bern
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