<div dir="ltr">Dear all,<div><br></div><div>Kuot (iso:kto), non-Austronesian, New Ireland, PNG, has 3 items for 'to smell':</div><div><br></div><div>1. <i>ie</i> neutral as to quality/type of smell (verb class2, both itr 'something smells' and tr 'someone smells something')</div>
<div>2. <i>kuf</i> 'smell good' (verb class1, itr 'something smells good' - food, flowers, etc)</div><div>3. <i>nor-</i> 'smell unpleasantly of fresh fish' (adj., but adjectives are predicates in Kuot, can be used of bits of fish lying around after gutting, or smell attaching to hands after handling; not used of rotten fish other unpleasant smells)</div>
<div><br></div><div>No part of the stem <i>nor-</i> relates to any word for fish.</div><div><br></div><div>(In addition, the nominalisation of the adj. 'hot', ie 'heat' can be used in the sense 'smell' of urine or faeces in the sun.)</div>
<div><br></div><div>Eva</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On 20 March 2014 14:01, Anvita Abbi <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:anvitaabbi@gmail.com" target="_blank">anvitaabbi@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<div dir="ltr">
<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:garamond,serif;font-size:large">Dear All,<br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:garamond,serif;font-size:large">South Asian languages abound in expressive morphology that represent five senses of perception [called
<i>panchendriya</i> in Sanskrit]<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">i.e., of smell, sight, touch, hearing and taste.
</span>. Hence, constructions such as the following are very common across all languages especially those belonging to Tibeto-Burman.<br>
</div>
<div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:garamond,serif;font-size:large">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="4"><span style="line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Tamil:
<i>g</i>ә</span><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">m g</span></i><span style="line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">ә</span><i><span style="font-family:"SILManuscript IPA93""><span></span></span></i><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">m</span></i></font><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">
‘aroma’ (smell) </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Mizo: <i>
ol</i></span><i><span style="font-family:"SILManuscript IPA93"">E</span></i><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">p ol</span></i><i><span style="font-family:"SILManuscript IPA93"">E</span></i><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">p</span></i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">
‘sticky’ (touch)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Meitei:
<font size="4"><i>ts</i>ә</font></span><font size="4"><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">nap ts</span></i><span style="line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">ә</span><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">nap</span></i></font><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">
‘sticky’ (touch)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Hindi
<font size="4">: <i>c</i>ә</font></span><font size="4"><i><span style="font-family:"SILManuscript IPA93""><span></span></span></i><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">m c</span></i><span style="line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">ә</span><i><span style="font-family:"SILManuscript IPA93""><span></span></span></i><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">m</span></i></font><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">
‘glittering’ (sight)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">In many South Asian languages the expressive morpheme is a root form and nouns and verbs can be formed from it, e.g. Hindi
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:12pt"><font size="4"><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">c</span></i><span style="line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">ә</span><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">m
</span></i><i><span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">c</span></span></i><span style="line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">ә</span><i><span style="font-family:"SILManuscript IPA93""><span></span></span></i><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">m-aya<span>
</span>c</span></i><span style="line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">ә</span><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">m c</span></i><span style="line-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">ә</span><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">m-ah</span></i></font><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><font size="4">әʈ
</font><br>
</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:12pt"><i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">'</span></i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">gl</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">itter-<span style="font-variant:small-caps">pst<span>
</span>‘</span>glittered’<i> </i>(V)<i><span>
</span></i>glitter-<span style="font-variant:small-caps">nmlz<span> </span>
</span>‘glitter’ (N) </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">(<i>Reduplication in South Asian languages: An Areal, Typological and Historical Study</i>. 1991)<br>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">In Present Great Andamanese there are more than 18 words for smell. The ambivalence of noun and verb allows one to use all in verb forms. There is no generic name
for the smell of fish as each fish emits different smell and hence distinct word. Thus: /<i>etlapharom/
</i>'smell of Bam fish' (Bam is a local fish) but /<i>meritutceleoi</i>/ 'smell of parrot fish' etc. Various kinds of stones, corals and shells have different names for the smell they emit. (<i>Dictionary of teh Great Andamanese Language. 2012.</i> Ratna Sagar.
Delhi)<br>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Anvita Abbi<br>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><br>
</span></p>
</div>
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<div class="gmail_extra"><div class=""><br>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Mar 18, 2014 at 6:12 PM, Steffen Haurholm-Larsen
<span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:steffen.haurholm-larsen@isw.unibe.ch" target="_blank">steffen.haurholm-larsen@isw.unibe.ch</a>></span> wrote:<br>
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<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">Dear subscribers,<br>
<br>
It has been observed that such concepts as SEE, HEAR, TOUCH, TASTE and SMELL are in some languages encoded together in just a couple of verbs while other languages have more (see Åke Viberg's "Verbs of Perception" in
<i>Language Typology and Universals: An International Handbook </i>(2001)). Furthermore, there may be a distinction between 'experience' and 'source' and for the latter, the source may be included in a peripheral NP, e.g. 'my hands smell
<u>of fish</u>'. <br>
But how common is it for the source NP to be lexically encoded in the verb? In Garifuna, an Arawak language spoken in Central America traditionally by a fishing people, there are two verbs for the emission of (bad) smell:
<i>hingi</i>- 'stink' and <i>hase</i>- 'smell of fish'. Is it common for languages to encode culturally salient NP smell sources (or other source NPs) into verbs of perception?<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
<br>
Steffen Haurholm-Larsen<br>
Universität Bern </div>
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<br></div><span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">
-- <br>
<div>Prof. Anvita Abbi</div>
<div>Centre for Linguistics</div>
<div>School of Language, Literature and Culture Studies</div>
<div>Jawaharlal Nehru University</div>
<div>New Delhi 110067</div>
<div><a href="http://www.andamanese.net/" target="_blank">www.andamanese.net</a></div>
<div>President: Linguistic Society of India<br>
URL: <a href="http://www.jnu.ac.in/FacultyStaff/ShowProfile.asp?SendUserName=anvita" target="_blank">
http://www.jnu.ac.in/FacultyStaff/ShowProfile.asp?SendUserName=anvita</a><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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