<div dir="ltr">In Tukang Besi, an Austronesian language of central Indonesia, there's a speech genre used for telling scary stories to children that involves creaking pretty much all the way through; this necessitates frequent pauses, as you run out of breath.<div><br><div>This interacts with the segmental system:</div><div><br></div><div>glottal stops are phonemic in Tukang Besi;</div><div>in this CV languages they cannot be realised in an onset, but are resyllabified as codas;</div><div>but codas are dispreferred, consequently they are frequently realised as creakiness on the preceding vowel.</div><div><br></div><div>Now, obviously, in scary-story genre you then lose the contrast between V<glottal stop>V, and VV, since everything is creaky.</div><div><br></div><div>Related to this, children have a hard time acquiring glottal stops, and are reported to use them less consistently than adults, adding non-etymological glottal stops in, reducing the contrast between (for instance) ba<glottal>e and bad ('fruit' and 'rice').</div><div><br></div><div>-Mark</div><div><br></div><div>(for those wondering: yes, there are phonemic word-initial glottal stops)</div></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On 16 October 2014 12:34, David Gil <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:gil@eva.mpg.de" target="_blank">gil@eva.mpg.de</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US">Dear
all,<br>
<br>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US">The
term “vocal fry” has
recently been introduced to refer to the occurrence of creaky
voice register
across potentially lengthy stretches of speech as a subphonemic
characteristic
of a particular speech style — a phenomenon that has become
associated, over
the course of the last decade or two, with some styles of female
speech in
English.<span> </span>This query
consists of a
number of interrelated questions about vocal fry from a
cross-linguistic,
structural and historical perspective.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span lang="EN-US">(1) Can anybody provide pointers (either references
or personal
accounts) relating to the use of vocal fry in languages other
than English?<span> </span>I would
be particularly interested in
whether its occurrence in other languages would seem to be due
to influence
from English or independent developments.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US">(2)
My own observations
suggest that in English, for some speech styles, vocal fry seems
to occur more saliently
towards the ends of intonational phrases.<span>
</span>(This may perhaps be related to the connection between
creaky voice and
low pitch, known to mark the ends of phrases.)<span> </span>Can anybody confirm (or refute) the tendency
for vocal fry
to occur towards the ends of phrases (again, with either
references or personal
impressions)?<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US">(3)
Does anybody know of any
cases where the suprasegmental nature of vocal fry or creaky
voice has
developed over time into a segmental feature, e.g.
glottalization of a
following coda?<span> </span>(For
creaky voice,
at least, the opposite path would seem to be well attested,
whereby a segmental
distinction develops into a suprasegmental distinction involving
creaky voice,
e.g. in the development of tonogenesis in several Mainland
Southeast Asian
languages.)<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US">(The
background for these
questions is as follows. I am seeking support for a possible
historical
analysis of phrase-final phonological markers in Malayic
languages, in which
the ends of intonational or syntactic phrases are marked with
features such as
glottalization, preoralization of nasals, and others — the idea
being that
these may represent the outcome of a process of
phonologicization of a
phenomenon similar to vocal fry.)<br>
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><br>
Thanks,<br>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"><br>
David<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"" lang="EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></font></span></p><span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888">
<pre cols="72">--
David Gil
Department of Linguistics
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
Telephone: 49-341-3550321 Fax: 49-341-3550333
Email: <a href="mailto:gil@eva.mpg.de" target="_blank">gil@eva.mpg.de</a>
Webpage: <a href="http://www.eva.mpg.de/~gil/" target="_blank">http://www.eva.mpg.de/~gil/</a>
</pre>
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