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<DIV>Dear Sasha,</DIV>
<DIV>on 18.05.’15 Michale Daniel posted in the LINGUISTLIST the following
mail:</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT face="Times New Roman"><<Dear all,<BR>below is a letter
I post on behalf of Nina Dobrushina. If you have any references or ideas that
you could share, please send them to her: </FONT><A
style='href: "mailto:nina.dobrushina@gmail.com"'><FONT
face="Times New Roman">nina.dobrushina@gmail.com</FONT></A><FONT
face="Times New Roman"> (also in the copy above)<BR><BR>Michael
Daniel<BR><BR>Dear all,<BR><BR>could you give me hints on empirical evidence and
literature about languages where the predicates of fear (‘fear’, ‘to be afraid’,
‘to worry’ and the like) (tend to) have negation in the complement clause?
I am aware of Russian, French (and other Romance languages), Japanese, and some
Turkic languages like Kumyk. Two examples are provided
below.<BR><BR><BR>French:<BR><BR>Je crain-s
que la lettre
n’ arrive
pas<BR>I fear COMPL
DEF letter NEG
come.SUBJ.3SG NEG<BR><BR>LT: 'I am afraid that the letter does
not arrive'<BR>(less literal 'I am afraid that the letter may not
arrive')<BR><BR>Japanese (example courtesy Tasaku
Tsunoda):<BR><BR>Nanika
waru-i
koto=ga
oki-nak-at-ta=ka
sinpai=da<BR>something
bad-NPST thing=NOM
happen-NEG-LINK-PST=Q worried=COP.NPNST<BR> <BR>LT: ‘[I]
am worried whether something bad did not happen.’<BR>FT: ‘I am worried that
something bad happened.’<BR><BR>Thanks,<BR><BR>Nina
Dobrushina>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV>This mail originated an interesting list of replies, some of which could be
interesting for your question, as regards the possibility of double negation
(though not in coordination constructions). My own answer referred to the
so-called ‘négation explétive’ or ‘abusive’:</DIV>
<DIV><<
<DIV style="TEXT-DECORATION: ; FONT-FAMILY: ; COLOR: ; DISPLAY: inline"><FONT
face=Tahoma><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">From:</FONT></B><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </FONT></FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><A
title=paoram@unipv.it style='href: "mailto:paoram@unipv.it"'><FONT
face=Tahoma>Paolo Ramat</FONT></A></FONT><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: ; LINE-HEIGHT: normal">
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
<DIV><FONT face=Tahoma><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Sent:</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> Thursday, March 19, 2015 10:19
AM</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Tahoma><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
To:</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </FONT></FONT><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><A title=Hannu.Tommola@uta.fi
style='href: "mailto:Hannu.Tommola@uta.fi"'><FONT face=Tahoma>Hannu
Tommola</FONT></A><FONT face=Tahoma> ; </FONT><A title=hartmut@ruc.dk
style='href: "mailto:hartmut@ruc.dk"'><FONT face=Tahoma>Hartmut
Haberland</FONT></A></FONT><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Tahoma><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Cc:</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </FONT></FONT><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><A title=linguist@LINGUISTLIST.ORG
style='href: "mailto:linguist@LINGUISTLIST.ORG"'><FONT
face=Tahoma>linguist@LINGUISTLIST.ORG</FONT></A><FONT face=Tahoma> ; </FONT><A
title=LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org
style='href: "mailto:LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org"'><FONT face=Tahoma>list,
typology</FONT></A><FONT face=Tahoma> ; </FONT><A
title=nina.dobrushina@gmail.com
style='href: "mailto:nina.dobrushina@gmail.com"'><FONT
face=Tahoma>nina.dobrushina@gmail.com</FONT></A></FONT><FONT face=Tahoma><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Tahoma><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
Subject:</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> Re: [Lingtyp] fear +
NEG</FONT></FONT></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV style="TEXT-DECORATION: ; FONT-FAMILY: ; COLOR: ; DISPLAY: inline">
<DIV dir=ltr>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: ; COLOR: ">
<P><FONT style='face: "Times' New roman?>From Wikipedia s.v.
‘Pleonasm’:</FONT></P>
<P><FONT style='face: "Times' New roman?><<The pleonastic <I>ne</I> (<I>ne
pléonastique</I>) expressing uncertainty in formal </FONT><A
title="French language"
style='href: "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language"'><FONT
style='face: "Times' New roman?>French</FONT></A><FONT style='face: "Times' New
roman?> works as follows</FONT></P>
<DL>
<DD><FONT style='face: "Times' New roman?>"<I>Je crains qu'il ne
pleuve.</I>"<BR>("I fear it may rain.")</FONT>
<DD><FONT style='face: "Times' New roman?>"<I>Ces idées sont plus difficiles à
comprendre que je ne pensais.</I>"<BR>("These ideas are harder to understand
than I thought.") >></FONT></DD></DL>
<DIV>The same holds for Italian, with some slight stylistic differences:</DIV>
<DIV><EM>Temo che <STRONG>non</STRONG> piova </EM>(Subjunctive) means
usually “I’m afraid that it will <STRONG>not</STRONG> rain” and the sentence
with the opposite meaning “I’m afraid that it will rain” is in an unmarked style
<EM>Temo che piova.</EM></DIV>
<DIV>On the contrary, the second sentence will usually contain the negative
<EM><STRONG>non</STRONG> </EM>since it refers to an actual negative state of
affairs :I didn’t think that.... : <EM>Queste idee sono più difficili a capirsi
che <STRONG>non</STRONG> pensassi</EM> (IMPF. SUBJ)</DIV>
<DIV><EM>?? Queste idee sono più difficili a capirsi che pensassi </EM>sounds
very odd. Usually you would say <EM>Queste idee sono più difficili a
capirsi di quanto (non) pensavo</EM>, where <STRONG>non</STRONG> is quite
correct, though not compulsory.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN><FONT style='face: "Times' New roman?><SPAN
style="mso-list: ignore"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: ; LINE-HEIGHT: normal">(See
P. Ramat, </SPAN></SPAN>La comparazione negativa. <I><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Arch. Glott. Ital</I>. 87/2002: 223-229
and the seminal article by Joseph Vendryes, Sur la négation abusive, <EM>Bull.
Soc. Linguist.</EM> 46/1950: 1-18). >></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN></SPAN> </DIV>
<DIV><SPAN>Best regards.</SPAN></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><BR></DIV>
<DIV>Prof.Paolo Ramat<BR>Università di Pavia<BR>Istituto Universitario di Studi
Superiori (IUSS Pavia)<BR></DIV>
<DIV
style='FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri"; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; DISPLAY: inline'>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt tahoma">
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=gil@eva.mpg.de
href="mailto:gil@eva.mpg.de">David Gil</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, June 06, 2015 5:58 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org
href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</A>
</DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Lingtyp] coordination and predicate
negation</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV
style='FONT-SIZE: small; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri"; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #000000; FONT-STYLE: normal; DISPLAY: inline'>Hebrew
and Indonesian are two languages which have constructions of the form NEG V OR
V, ie. like the ungrammatical Russian (2), without the auxiliary.<BR><BR>
<DIV class=moz-cite-prefix>On 06/06/2015 20:33, Alexander Letuchiy
wrote:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE cite=mid:DUB115-W11685A56EE46483C096346BEFB10@phx.gbl type="cite">
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<DIV dir=ltr>Dear Matthew,
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Thanks!<BR><BR></DIV>
<DIV>Sure, I also consider that the reason for English is the presence of the
auxiliary. </DIV>
<DIV>However, what I want is to try to think of it a bit broader: is it true
that an English-like situation is never observed in languages without an
auxiliary? If yes, what does it tell us of the negation syntax? If no, what is
the difference between Russian and some other languages where negation can be
expressed once?</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<HR id=stopSpelling>
From: <A class=moz-txt-link-abbreviated
href="mailto:m.baerman@surrey.ac.uk">m.baerman@surrey.ac.uk</A><BR>To: <A
class=moz-txt-link-abbreviated
href="mailto:alexander_letuchiy@hotmail.com">alexander_letuchiy@hotmail.com</A><BR>Subject:
FW: [Lingtyp] coordination and predicate negation<BR>Date: Sat, 6 Jun 2015
13:18:07 +0000<BR><BR>
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<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d'>Hi
Sasha</SPAN></P>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d'></SPAN> </P>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d'>I’m
no syntactician, so forgive me for stating the obvious, but I would imagine
that the explanation for the English state of affairs is the auxiliary, which
hosts the negation. Since auxiliaries in English can have multiple
complements, you can get away with one auxiliary, hence one
negation.</SPAN></P>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d'></SPAN> </P>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d'>best</SPAN></P>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d'>Matthew</SPAN></P>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-SIZE: 11pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d'></SPAN> </P>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm">
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><B><SPAN lang=EN-US
style='FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
lang=EN-US style='FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
Lingtyp [<A class=moz-txt-link-freetext
href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org">mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</A>]
<B>On Behalf Of </B>Alexander Letuchiy<BR><B>Sent:</B> 06 June 2015
14:47<BR><B>To:</B> <A class=moz-txt-link-abbreviated
href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</A><BR><B>Subject:</B>
[Lingtyp] coordination and predicate negation</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal> </P>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>Dear
colleagues,</SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'><BR>Are you aware of any
linguistic work on coordination in constructions with predicate
negation?</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>One of
the questions which I am interested in is why in some languages (English) the
negation can be expressed once (1), while in others (Russian) it must be
expressed twice (3), while (2) is ungrammatical:</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'></SPAN> </P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>English:</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>(1) He
does not read books or watch TV.</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'></SPAN> </P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>Russian:</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>(2)
*On ne chitaet
knigi i
/ ili
smotrit televizor</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>
he NEG reads books and /
or watches TV</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>
Intended: 'He does not read books and / or watch TV'.</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'></SPAN> </P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>(3) On
ne chitaet knigi
i ne
smotrit televizor</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>
he NEG reads books and
NEG watches TV</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>
'He does not read books and does not watch TV'.</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'></SPAN> </P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'>Thanks
a lot in advance,</SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN
style='FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"'><BR>Sasha Letuchiy,
Moscow</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV><BR>
<FIELDSET class=mimeAttachmentHeader></FIELDSET> <BR><PRE wrap="">_______________________________________________
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</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE><BR><PRE class=moz-signature cols="72">--
David Gil
Department of Linguistics
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
Telephone: 49-341-3550321 Fax: 49-341-3550333
Email: <A class=moz-txt-link-abbreviated href="mailto:gil@eva.mpg.de">gil@eva.mpg.de</A>
Webpage: <A class=moz-txt-link-freetext href="http://www.eva.mpg.de/~gil/">http://www.eva.mpg.de/~gil/</A>
</PRE>
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<HR>
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