<div dir="ltr">Dear Maria,<div><br></div><div>I cannot give you definitive negative evidence for Daakaka because I haven't tested for that, but I can give you the following information:</div><div><br></div><div>1. Daakaka uses the term `pyane' (to roast/ burn sth.) for a transitive expression of anger:</div><div><span class="s1"><br></span></div><div><span class="s1">yu-on mwe</span><span class="s2"> pyane</span><span class="s1"> nyoo</span></div><div><span class="s1">feeling.of-3SG.POSS REAL roast 3PL</span></div><div><span class="s1">`he was mad at them' (reference to the corpus I collected: </span>sto36:029)</div>
<div><span class="s1"><br></span></div><div>2. I have found no evidence for other extended uses of temperature terms.</div><div><br></div><div>Best,</div><div>Kilu</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Aug 19, 2015 at 9:04 AM, Maria Koptjevskaja Tamm <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:tamm@ling.su.se" target="_blank">tamm@ling.su.se</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Times">Dear colleagues! This query concerns extended uses of temperature terms (such as ‘warm’, ‘hot’, ‘cold’, ‘cool’, etc.), primarily in reference to emotions, human dispositions and interpersonal relations,
which are the focus of</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt"> my current cross-disciplinary research together with the social psychologist Hans IJzerman (<a href="https://sites.google.com/site/hijzerman/home" target="_blank">https://sites.google.com/site/hijzerman/home</a>).<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Times">As you certainly know,
<span style="font-variant:small-caps">“affection is warmth”</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Times"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Times">and “<span style="font-variant:small-caps">anger
is heat</span>” are two of the most widely quoted “universal” conceptual metaphors suggested by cognitive linguists on the basis of expressions as “warm words, feelings” or “hot tempered”, well-attested in familiar languages.
</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">However, the chapters in the volume “The linguistics of temperature” (2015, John Benjamins) edited by myself (<a href="https://benjamins.com/%23catalog/books/tsl.107/main" target="_blank">https://benjamins.com/#catalog/books/tsl.107/main</a>)
clearly reveal a significant variance in using temperature metaphors. Australian languages, Hup (Nadahup), Mapudungun (Araucanian), and Ojibwe (Algonquian) basically lack any extended use of temperature terms, while the Oceanic languages in Vanuatu and Nganasan
(Uralic) have very few. This is in contrast both to some European and other Asian languages, but also to the African languages Ewe, Gbaya, Guren</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:'Doulos SIL'">ɛ</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">,
Likpe, S</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:'Doulos SIL'">ɛ</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">l</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:'Doulos SIL'">ɛɛ</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">,
Abui and Kamang (Timor-Alor-Pantar), and Yucatec Maya. These latter reveal a rich inventory of extended uses pertaining to their temperature terms, ranging from the more common ones, to the idiosyncratic ones. Interestingly, languages also vary as to which
temperature term has predominantly positive associations in its extended uses (e.g. ‘cold’ rather than ‘warm’).
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">We would very much like to extend our linguistic database and get information on the existence of extended uses of temperature terms in other languages. We would therefore be extremely grateful
for any input more or less along the following lines:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">1.<span style="font-size:7pt">
</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">Language X lacks any extended uses of temperature terms<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">2.<span style="font-size:7pt">
</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">Language X uses / does not use ‘hot/warm’ terms for talking about positive emotions, social warmth etc. (‘warm heart’, ‘warm person’)
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">3.<span style="font-size:7pt">
</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">Language X uses / does not use ‘hot/warm’ terms for talking about aggressive, dangerous, exciting etc. experiences, emotions, people etc.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">4.<span style="font-size:7pt">
</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">Language X uses / does not use ‘cold/cool’ terms for talking about negative / positive emotions, people, states, etc.
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">I will be happy to share any further thoughts, clarifications and materials with anyone interested in this topic.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">Please send your replies directly to me.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">Warmest regards,<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.5pt">Maria Koptjevskaja Tamm<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<div>Prof. Maria Koptjevskaja Tamm</div>
<div>Dept. of linguistics, Stockholm University</div>
<div>106 91 Stockholm Sweden</div>
<div>E-mail: <a href="mailto:tamm@ling.su.se" target="_blank">tamm@ling.su.se</a></div>
<div>Tel.: <a href="tel:%2B46%208%2016%2026%2020" value="+468162620" target="_blank">+46 8 16 26 20</a> (office), <a href="tel:%2B46%208%2026%2090%2091" value="+468269091" target="_blank">+46 8 26 90 91</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.ling.su.se/tamm" target="_blank">http://www.ling.su.se/tamm</a></div>
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