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<p class="MsoNormal">Peter,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<pre><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:Courier">I can’t speak for Martin, but since my views on this are very similar to his, let me respond from my point of view. When I say "describing or analyzing a particular language is a completely different enterprise from classifying the language typologically", I do not intend to deny that the two enterprises are very tightly linked. You cannot classify languages typologically without “taking into account how the systems of particular languages work”.<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:Courier">Consider your example “If, based on the TMA questionnaire, one says that "language A has a past perfective", this is a statement which makes sense from the point of view of the system of this language, not only for the purposes of comparison.” I would argue that “language A has a past perfective” does NOT make sense from the point of view of the system of the language. The language will have a particular aspectual category with specific semantic and morphosyntactic properties and it may satisfy the definition of a comparative concept “past perfective”. But what defines that particular aspectual category is the specific semantic and morphosyntactic properties it has in the system of the language. If you spell out those semantic and morphosyntactic properties in great detail, then you’ve described that category. The statement “language A has a past perfective” doesn’t add anything to what you have already said. It only says some
thing ab
o
ut how that language-particular category resembles categories in other languages, but it tells us nothing about the system in language A.<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:Courier">The point is clearest if the language you are describing has an aspectual category that bears some resemblance to what people have called past perfectives in other languages but differs somewhat.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>If you have fully described the aspectual category in your language, then answering the question of whether that category is a past perfective cannot add anything to what you have said. The aspectual category in your language is defined by its properties in the system of your language. <span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>The question of whether that aspectual category is an instance of a past perfective thus has no bearing on the system of your language since once you have fully described that aspectual category in your language, you have said all there is to be said about that category as far as the system of your language is concerned.<o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></pre>
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<![endif]--><!--StartFragment--><!--EndFragment-->On 1/20/16 5:34 PM,
Peter Arkadiev wrote:<br>
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<blockquote cite="mid:1115401453329276@web6h.yandex.ru" type="cite">
<pre wrap="">Martin, I agree that doing typology is of course different from language description, but I am reluctant to subscribe to the view that these are two fully disjoint enterprises with entirely different logical and epistemological bases. You give Dahl's "Tense and aspect systems" as an example, but in my view this work is notably not only about comparative concepts and typology, but also about ways to adequately describe particular languages, which has been proved by successful application of TMA questionnaire to many languages beyond the initial sample. If, based on the TMA questionnaire, one says that "language A has a past perfective", this is a statement which makes sense from the point of view of the system of this language, not only for the purposes of comparison. Moreover, I am wondering how typology of grammatical systems can be achieved without taking into account how the systems of particular languages work.
Best,
Peter
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