<div>Matthew,</div><div> </div><div>I must confess that I failed to understand what you mean, especially by "usage". I have always believed, evidently erroneously, that word order correlations are somehow reflected in grammars, and I have always understood Hawkins claims (as reflected in his 2004 and 2014 books) as saying that usage and grammar correspond to each other in principled and non-arbitrary ways. When Hawkins writes, e.g. about the differences between OV and VO languages in chapter 7 of his 2014 book, it is much more abour grammar than about usage - or I must admit that I have grossly misunderstood him.</div><div>But anyway, I am interested in what grammars of different languages have in common and how they differ, much less, I must confess, in the differences or similarities in usage. From what you say it appears to me that grammars are inaccessible to typology (and vice versa) - a conclusion I will never accept.</div><div>But again, perhaps I simply don't understand...</div><div> </div><div>Best,</div><div> </div><div>Peter</div><div> </div><div>-- <br />Peter Arkadiev, PhD<br />Institute of Slavic Studies<br />Russian Academy of Sciences <br />Leninsky prospekt 32-A 119991 Moscow<br />peterarkadiev@yandex.ru<br /><a href="http://www.inslav.ru/ob-institute/sotrudniki/279-peter-arkadiev">http://www.inslav.ru/ob-institute/sotrudniki/279-peter-arkadiev</a></div><div> </div><div> </div><div> </div><div>20.01.2016, 22:32, "Matthew Dryer" <dryer@buffalo.edu>:</div><blockquote type="cite"><div bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><div><p>Peter,</p><p> </p><p>The point of classifying the language as SVO is that it behaves like an SVO language as far as word order correlations are concerned. Not classifying it as SVO means that one would fail to explain the correlations. Hawkins’ theory predicts that such a language counts as SVO. The class of languages I treat as SVO is defined roughly as those languages where the statistically dominant order in usage is AVP. There is nothing that the grammars of this set of languages share: these languages resemble each other only at the level of usage, not at the level of grammar. Hawkins’ theory predicts that the set of languages that I classify as SVO should tend to have prepositions. His theory predicts that the set of languages that have prepositions need not have anything in common in their grammars, only at the level of usage.</p><p> </p><p>Matthew</p><br /> On 1/19/16 2:58 PM, Peter Arkadiev wrote:</div><blockquote cite="mid:542361453233484@web18j.yandex.ru" type="cite"><pre>Then I can't help asking a very naive question, appearing as though I haven't read the relevant literature (I have): if, as Matthew says, "classifying a language as SVO makes no claim about the categories in the language, nor that these categories determine word order even if the language has such categories", what's the point of classifying the given language as SVO in the first place? If the categories of a particular language can be totally at variance with those notions which typologists employ for comparative purposes, then the fact that a given language happens to be classified as SVO appears to be completely arbitrary and non-informative. Even worse, given this stance regarding the correspondence between comparative concepts and language-particular categories, word order correlations just can't follow, let alone be explained. Correlations between, say, OV and NPost in a given language are and have to be stated in terms of the categories relevant for
this lan
g
uage, aren't they? And if such language-particular correlations can be mapped on robustly observed cross-linguistic patterns subject to well-articulated processing explanations such as those advanced by Hawkins, then, by necessity, this mapping cannot be just arbitrary, and vice versa.
Again, I admit that I don't understand something.
Best,
Peter
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