<div dir="ltr">The classic American structuralist literature on the phoneme (Sapir, Swadesh, Voegelin) is based largely on data from American languages; Boas was the clear precursor in his "Introduction", and Boas's assertion that all languages are holophrastic with respect to others is likewise based on American data.<div><br></div><div>Andrew</div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Sun, Jul 3, 2016 at 10:51 PM, Martin Haspelmath <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:haspelmath@shh.mpg.de" target="_blank">haspelmath@shh.mpg.de</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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I would add "applicative" (apparently first used by Antonio del
Rincón in 1595 with reference to Nahuatl), and "inclusive/exclusive"
(apparently first used by Domingo de Santo Tomás in 1560 with
reference to Quechua).<br>
<br>
But I would say that "polysynthesis" and "incorporation" (as noted
by Bernard Comrie) have been the most important influences of the
study of languages of the Americas (the terms go back to Du Ponceau
and Wilhelm von Humboldt, early 19th century). Unfortunately,
however, both these terms have no clear definition in typology,
because they rely on the notion of "word" (see my discussion of
"incorporation" here: <a href="https://dlc.hypotheses.org/135" target="_blank">https://dlc.hypotheses.org/135</a>). So they may
not be as lasting as some of the others.<br>
<br>
Martin<div><div class="h5"><br>
<br>
<div>On 03.07.16 23:13, Eva Schultze-Berndt
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div style="direction:ltr;font-family:Tahoma;color:#000000;font-size:14pt">Dear David and all,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>My additions would be evidentiality, and lexicalization
patterns.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Best,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Eva<br>
<div><br>
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<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">-------------------------------------------------------
</span>
</div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">Eva
Schultze-Berndt</span></div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">Professor
of Linguistics</span></div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">Linguistics
and English Language</span></div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">School of
Arts, Languages and Cultures</span></div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">The
University of Manchester</span></div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">Oxford Road</span></div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">M13 9PL</span></div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">Manchester,
UK</span></div>
<div style="font-size:13px;font-family:Tahoma"><span style="font-size:medium">E-mail:
<a href="mailto:eva.schultze-berndt@manchester.ac.uk" target="_blank">eva.schultze-berndt@manchester.ac.uk</a></span></div>
<div style="font-family:Tahoma"><font size="3">Office NG11, Samuel
Alexander Building</font></div>
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<div style="font-family:Times New Roman;color:#000000;font-size:16px">
<hr>
<div style="direction:ltr"><font size="2" face="Tahoma" color="#000000"><b>From:</b>
Lingtyp [<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>] on
behalf of Bernard Comrie [<a href="mailto:comrie@linguistics.ucsb.edu" target="_blank">comrie@linguistics.ucsb.edu</a>]<br>
<b>Sent:</b> 03 July 2016 17:05<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Americanist contributions
to typology<br>
</font><br>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">To:<span> </span>David
Beck</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Cc:<span> </span>LingTyp</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">From:<span> </span>Bernard
Comrie</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Date:<span> </span>2016
Jul 03</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Subj:<span> </span>[Lingtyp]
Americanist contributions to typology</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear David:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Herewith some thoughts from my own
subjective perspective. I haven't avoided some overlap
with things that others have submitted. I'll send a PS
if/when more occur to me.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Best,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Bernard</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">-----</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Alignment typology:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">-hierarchical alignment, including in
relation to inversion</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">-split/fluid S (and more generally
semantic alignment)</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Reference tracking:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">switch-reference</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">obviation</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Polysynthesis:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">word-sentences, but especially with
many morphemes per word</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">incorporation</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Internally headed relative clauses</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Numeral system bases</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">3 in Coahuiltecan</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">8 in Pame</p>
<br>
<div>On 16/7/2 07:20, David Beck
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre>Hi, everyone
At the International Journal of American Linguistics, we’re planning a 100th anniversary issue and part of it will have a survey of developments in linguistics and typology influenced by studies of American (in the Arctic-to-Tierra-del-Fueego sense) languages. So, I thought I would do a bit of a straw poll and ask the typological community what areas they thought had been most influenced by data from American languages (rather than relying on my own narrow point of view). Thoughts?
cheers,
David
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<br>
<pre cols="72">--
new address -- nouvelle adresse -- neue Adresse -- новый адрес -- nueva dirección
Bernard Comrie
Distinguished Professor of Linguistics, University of California Santa Barbara
E-mail: comrie at <a href="http://linguistics.ucsb.edu" target="_blank">linguistics.ucsb.edu</a>
Web site: <a href="http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/bernard-comrie" target="_blank">http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/bernard-comrie</a>
Department of Linguistics
University of California Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA 93106-3100
USA
fax <a href="tel:%2B1%20805%20893%207769" value="+18058937769" target="_blank">+1 805 893 7769</a>
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<br>
</div></div><span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><pre cols="72">--
Martin Haspelmath (<a href="mailto:haspelmath@shh.mpg.de" target="_blank">haspelmath@shh.mpg.de</a>)
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Kahlaische Strasse 10
D-07745 Jena
&
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Nikolaistrasse 6-10
D-04109 Leipzig
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