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<p>Dear Sergey,<br>
<br>
why, I think we know at least that passive and resultative constructions are built with 'be' + the past particple,<br>
- passive (<font color="#222222" size="2">'a house is built</font> by wisdom’) & indefinite personal ('..., it is given to you’)<br>
- resultative (‘he is gone', ‘the glass is broken’, ‘it is already done’)<br>
Best,<br>
Hannu<br>
<br>
Quoting Sergey Lyosov <<a href="mailto:sergelyosov@inbox.ru">sergelyosov@inbox.ru</a>>:</p>
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<p data-mce-style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;" style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span data-mce-style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #222222; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;color: #222222;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;">Dear colleagues,</span></p>
<p data-mce-style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;" style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span data-mce-style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #222222; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;color: #222222;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;">what do we know about the periphrasis “BE + PAST PARTICIPLE” in modern English? It looks like not all verbs are compatible with it, and the aspectual meaning of the construction depends on the Aktionsart/lexical semantics of the verb. Consider 'a house is built</span> by wisdom’, ‘he is gone, ‘the glass is broken’, ‘it is already done’, "you do not buy it, it is given to you’ (as a stewardess on a Pan Am flight told me back in 1990). </p>
<p data-mce-style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;" style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span data-mce-style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #222222; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;color: #222222;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;">What do people say/read about it?</span></p>
<p data-mce-style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;" style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span data-mce-style="font-size: 9.5pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #222222; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.5pt;line-height: 115%;font-family: Arial, sans-serif;color: #222222;background-image: initial;background-position: initial;background-size: initial;background-repeat: initial;background-attachment: initial;background-origin: initial;background-clip: initial;"> </span></p>
<p data-mce-style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;" style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">Thank you very much,</span></p>
<p data-mce-style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;" style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p data-mce-style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;" style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US">Sergey</span></p>
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<div>Hannu Tommola<br>
Professor emer. of Russian Language (Translation Theory and Practice)<br>
School of Language, Translation and Literary Studies<br>
FIN-33014 University of Tampere, Finland</div>
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