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In response to my proposed definition of wordhood, Martin writes:<br>
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If different criteria are used for different languages, how do we
know that we are measuring the same phenomenon across languages? </blockquote>
But there is nothing at all incoherent or logically faulty about
defining universally valid comparative concepts based on
incommensurate language-specific categories. Take the
Dahl/Velupillai WALS "Past Tense" map. It distinguishes four feature
values: past tense (i) absent; (ii) present, no remoteness
distinctions; (iii) present, 2-3 remoteness distinctions; (iv)
present, 4 or more remoteness distinctions. It is based on
language-specific descriptions of 222 languages which may be and
probably are at least partly incommensurate with respect to the
nature of their past-tense forms. Nevertheless, it makes perfect
sense to compile these incommensurate descriptions and abstract away
from them, in this case by simple counting, which yields an
elementary formal property functioning as a comparative category:
the number of remoteness distinctions in the language. My proposed
definition of word does the same. And there's nothing very
earthshakingly original about it; it's what we as typologists do all
the time. What I see my proposal as doing is merely taking an
intuition about wordhood that I believe most of us share, and —
motivated by Martin's original critique — trying to be a bit more
careful than we usually are in making clear what aspects of it are
language-specific and incommensurate, and what other aspects might
indeed form the basis of a cross-linguistically valid comparative
concept.<br>
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<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
David Gil
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Kahlaische Strasse 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Office Phone (Germany): +49-3641686834
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81281162816
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