<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">That description of zì as the sociological word is from Yuen Ren Chao’s Grammar of Spoken Chinese (1968).<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Randy</div><div class=""><br class=""><div class="">
<div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">-----</span></span><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; text-align: -webkit-auto; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; text-align: -webkit-auto; border-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; text-align: -webkit-auto; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class=""><b class="">Randy J. LaPolla, PhD FAHA</b> （羅</span><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white; font-size: 13px;" class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Song">仁地</font></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">）</span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">Professor of Linguistics and Chinese, School of Humanities </span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333015441895px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">Nanyang Technological University</span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""><span style="background-color: white;" class="">HSS-03-45, 14 Nanyang Drive </span></span></span><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333015441895px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: -webkit-auto;" class="">| </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""><span style="background-color: white;" class="">Singapore 637332</span></span></span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span style="text-align: -webkit-auto; background-color: white; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;" class=""><a href="http://randylapolla.net/" class="">http://randylapolla.net/</a></span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);" class=""><span style="background-color: white;" class="">Most recent book:</span></span></span></div><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span style="background-color: white;" class=""><font color="#222222" face="Arial, sans-serif" size="2" class=""><a href="https://www.routledge.com/The-Sino-Tibetan-Languages-2nd-Edition/LaPolla-Thurgood/p/book/9781138783324" class="">https://www.routledge.com/The-Sino-Tibetan-Languages-2nd-Edition/LaPolla-Thurgood/p/book/9781138783324</a></font></span></div></span></span></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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<br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 12 Nov 2017, at 5:43 PM, Tianqiao Lu <<a href="mailto:lutianqiao@maonan.org" class="">lutianqiao@maonan.org</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="">Dear all,<br class=""><br class="">Here is some material for your reference.<br class=""><br class="">According to Packard (2004), there is no concept of word that is universally applicable. The criteria are culture-dependent. They are are definable only when using several disparate linguistic criteria. There are a variety of portrayals of words, including orthographic word, sociological word, lexical word, semantic word, phonological word, morphological word, syntactic word, psycholinguistic word. He gives detailed descriptions of these concepts. He is right to say that "In Chinese language and culture, the clear and intuitive notion– the sociological word – is the zì 字 (lit. chracter, as in 他一个字都不说 – "He would not utter a word"), or sometimes the syntactic word – cí词 (which is closer to the English "word", as in 这是一个新词 – "This is a new word".<br class=""><br class="">Reference:<br class="">Packard J. L. (2004). The Morphology of Chinese: A Linguistic and Cognitive Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br class=""><br class="">Best,<br class=""><br class="">Tianqiao Lu<br class="">Jiansu Normal University<br class="">China<br class=""><div class=""><includetail class=""><div class=""> </div><div class=""> </div><div style="" class=""><div style="FONT-SIZE: 12px;FONT-FAMILY: Arial Narrow;padding:2px 0 2px 0;" class="">------------------ Original ------------------</div><div style="FONT-SIZE: 12px;background:#efefef;padding:8px;" class=""><div id="menu_sender" class=""><b class="">From: </b> "Adam J Tallman"<<a href="mailto:ajrtallman@utexas.edu" class="">ajrtallman@utexas.edu</a>>;</div><div class=""><b class="">Date: </b> Fri, Nov 10, 2017 01:11 PM</div><div class=""><b class="">To: </b> "LINGTYP"<<a href="mailto:LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org" class="">LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>>; <wbr class=""></div><div class=""></div><div class=""><b class="">Subject: </b> [Lingtyp] wordhood: responses to Haspelmath</div></div><div class=""> </div><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)">I am writing a paper about wordhood - has anyone responded to Haspelmath's 2011 <i class="">Folia Linguistica</i> paper on the topic?<br class=""></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)"><br class=""></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)">I have only found two sources that mention the paper and seem to put forward an argument against its conclusions, but its mostly in <i class="">en passant </i>fashion.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)"><br class=""></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)">On is Blevins (2016) <i class="">Word and Paradigm Morphology </i>and another is <span style=" color:rgb(102,102,102); ; font-size:12px " class="">Geertzen, Jeroen, James P. Blevins & Petar Milin. ‘Informativeness of unit boundaries’ [</span><a href="http://people.ds.cam.ac.uk/jpb39/pdf/GeertzenBlevinsMilin2016.pdf" style=" text-decoration-line:none;color:rgb(0,152,153); ; font-size:12px " class="">pdf</a><span style=" color:rgb(102,102,102); ; font-size:12px " class="">]. </span><cite style=" color:rgb(102,102,102); ; font-size:12px " class="">Italian Journal of Linguistics</cite><span style=" color:rgb(102,102,102); ; font-size:12px " class=""> </span><strong style=" color:rgb(102,102,102); ; font-size:12px " class="">28</strong><span style=" color:rgb(102,102,102); ; font-size:12px " class="">(2), 1–24.</span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)"><br class=""></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)">Any correspondence in this regard would be greatly appreciated,</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)"><br class=""></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:monospace,monospace;color:rgb(76,17,48)">Adam </div><div class=""><br class=""></div>-- <br class=""><div class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><font face="monospace, monospace" class="">Adam J.R. Tallman</font><div class=""><font face="monospace, monospace" class="">Investigador del Museo de Etnografía y Folklore, la Paz<br class=""></font><div class=""><font face="monospace, monospace" class="">PhD candidate, University of Texas at Austin</font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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