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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">Dear fellow members of the mailing list,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">Gordon (1995) and Nichols & Peterson (1996) confirm that nasals are frequent in 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> person pronouns around the world,
but different continent prefer different nasals for each pronoun: Eurasian languages prefer /m/ for the 1<sup>st</sup> pronoun, whereas the ¡°Pacific Rim¡± prefers /m/ for the 2<sup>nd</sup> pronoun, and the initial /©¯-/ is prevalent in Australian languages.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">Nichols and Peterson conjectured that this may be the cause of "</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">areal relatedness
due to diffusion of phonosymbolic canons</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">¡±. That is, iconic patterns may be diffused throughout languages, not just independently emerge from each language. The
example they add is the system of /mama/ and /papa</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">/:</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">In personal pronoun systems</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">,
<i>n</i> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif">and
</span><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">m</span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"> can be said to mark different dimensions of a minimal deictic space. They do
so as well in 'mama-papa' systems (which are deictic but not shifters). Both the pronouns and the child-language kin terms use consonants phonosymbolically to structure deictic space; the phonosymbolic principles are macroareal (<i>mama</i> and
<i>papa</i>, for instance, being distinctly western Eurasian forms); but the actual pronouns and kin terms themselves are not commonly borrowed. (p. 358)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">I wonder if you have any other examples of iconic patterns areally spreading throughout specific regions, other than pronominal nasality and kinship
terms. I would greatly appreciate your help, as this is relevant for my thesis.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">From Daejeon, Korea,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">Ian Joo<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">http://ianjoo.academia.edu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:KO">References</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#222222;background:white">Gordon, Matthew J. "The phonological composition of personal pronouns: implications for genetic hypotheses." <i>Annual Meeting of the Berkeley
Linguistics Society</i>. Vol. 21. No. 1. 1995.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#222222;background:white"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:#222222;background:white">Nichols, Johanna, and David A. Peterson. "The Amerind personal pronouns." <i>Language</i> (1996): 336-371.</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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