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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Hello Ian,</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">You may be able to find some examples by looking up <i>contronym</i>,
<i>auto-antonym</i>, or <i>autantonym</i>; most instances have opposite meanings, though not necessarily the clear-cut 'X' versus 'not X' you are looking for.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">One example in English that is the result of misanalysis is the word
<i>inflammable</i>, which can mean both 'flammable' and 'not flammable'<i>. </i>The former is the original meaning, and the latter is a result of speakers interpreting the
<i>in-</i> prefix as negation. Because of this confusion, though, <i>inflammable</i> seems to be less commonly used with the meaning 'flammable'.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Best regards,</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Robert Cloutier</p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Univeristy of Amsterdam</p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Netherlands</p>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Tianqiao Lu <lutianqiao@maonan.org><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, June 1, 2018 4:57:14 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Giorgio Francesco Arcodia; mattis.list<br>
<b>Cc:</b> lingtyp<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Does bipolar polysemy exist?</font>
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<div>Hi Ian.<br>
<br>
The following sentences in Mandarin Chinese might imply some bipolar polysemy: <br>
(1) Wǒ chàdiǎner méi diào xiàqu<br>
1sg almost not-yet fall down<br>
can either mean:<br>
"I almost fell down" (i.e. I did not fall down)<br>
or<br>
"I almost didn't fall down" (i.e. I did fall down)<br>
(2) Wǒ chàdiǎner méi gàosu tā.<br>
1sg almost not-yet tell 3sg.<br>
can either mean:<br>
"I almost told him/her" (i.e. I haven't told him/her)<br>
or<br>
"I almost haven't told him/her" (i.e. I did tell him/her)<br>
Hopefully this might help.<br>
<br>
Tianqiao Lu <br>
School of Linguistic Sciences<br>
Jiangsu Normal University<br>
China<br>
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<div id="x_menu_sender"><b>From: </b> "Giorgio Francesco Arcodia"<giorgio.arcodia@unimib.it>;</div>
<div><b>Date: </b> Thu, May 31, 2018 07:06 PM</div>
<div><b>To: </b> "mattis.list"<mattis.list@lingpy.org>; <wbr></div>
<div><b>Cc: </b> "lingtyp"<lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org>; <wbr></div>
<div><b>Subject: </b> Re: [Lingtyp] Does bipolar polysemy exist?</div>
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<div>I don't know if that counts, but: in Italian, <i>ospite</i> means both 'host' and 'guest'. In a given situation, you can't be both, so, (I guess) in a sense this word can be the negation of itself.</div>
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<div>Apologies, semantics is not my <i>forte.</i></div>
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<div>Best,</div>
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<div>Giorgio</div>
<div>馬振國<br>
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<div class="x_gmail_quote">2018-05-31 13:03 GMT+02:00 Mattis List <span dir="ltr">
<<a href="mailto:mattis.list@lingpy.org" target="_blank">mattis.list@lingpy.org</a>></span>:<br>
<blockquote class="x_gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
Wouldn't the frequent cases of pronouns or pronoun-like words in French<br>
(personne = "person, nobody", pas = "step, not", etc.) come close to<br>
this notion? And this process has historically also be claimed for other<br>
negation words, like Ancient Greek "ou", if I am not mistaken.<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
<br>
Mattis<br>
<span class=""><br>
On 2018-05-31 12:57, Joo Ian wrote:<br>
> Dear all,<br>
> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
> I would like to know if the following universal claim holds:<br>
> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
</span>> /There exists no lexeme that can mean X and the negation of X. (For<br>
> example, no lexeme can express “to go” and “to not go”)./<br>
<span class="">> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
> I wonder if such “bipolar polysemy” exists in any lexeme, because I<br>
> cannot think of any, and whether this claim is truly universal.<br>
> <br>
> I would appreciate to know if there is any counter-evidence.<br>
> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
> From Hong Kong,<br>
> <br>
> Ian Joo<br>
> <br>
> <a href="http://ianjoo.academia.edu" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://ianjoo.academia.edu</a><br>
> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
</span>> ______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Prof. Dr. Giorgio Francesco Arcodia</div>
<div dir="ltr">馬振國博士 副教授<br>
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<div dir="ltr">Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca</div>
<div dir="ltr">米蘭比克卡大學</div>
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