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<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height: 107%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Dear all,</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">As you know in many languages temporal, locative, and manner adverbial clauses are structurally identical to relative clauses. This structural identity
between relative clauses and adverbial clauses is not infrequent. As Thompson et al. (2007: 245) point out adverbial clauses expressing time, location, and manner can commonly be paraphrased, in many languages, “with a relative clause with a generic and relatively
semantically empty head noun: time, place, and way/manner, respectively”.</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">I send you this message because currently I am working on a final paper for a course I am taking that explores “temporal relatives in the world´s languages”,
as can be seen in the examples in (1) and (2).</span></p>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;">
<b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Kisi</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> (Niger-Congo/Mel; Childs 1995: 287)</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">(1)<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>ŋ̀<span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span>cò<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>cììkìáŋ,<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><b>lɔ́ɔ́</b><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>ŋ̀<span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span>cò<span style="mso-tab-count:
1"> </span>hùnɔ́ɔ́-<b>ó</b>.</span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-variant:
small-caps;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">1pl.sbj<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>aux</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>meet<span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span>time<span style="mso-tab-count:
1">
</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps">2sg.sbj<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>aux</span><span style="mso-tab-count:
1"> </span>come-<span style="font-variant:small-caps">rel</span></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>ʻWe will see<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span>you when you come.ʼ<span style="mso-tab-count:
1">
</span></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count:
1"><br>
</span></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"></span></p>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Araki</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> (Austronesian/Oceanic:
Vanuatu; François 2002: 182)</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">(2)<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>mo<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun:yes">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>vari-a<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>nunu<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps">3sg.real</span><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>take-<span style="font-variant:
small-caps">3sg</span><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>shadow</span></p>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>ʻHe took the photo</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><br>
</span></p>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span></span><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">lo<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>dani</span></b><span style="font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>no-m̈am<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>ta<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>mo<span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span>pa<span style="mso-tab-count:
1">
</span>m̈is<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>m̈audu<span style="mso-tab-count:2">
</span>ro.</span></p>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;">
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-variant:
small-caps;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">loc</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:
EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>day<span style="mso-tab-count:
1"> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps">poss-1exc.pl</span><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>dad<span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps">3sg.real<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>seq</span><span style="mso-tab-count:1"> </span>still<span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>live<span style="mso-tab-count:2"> </span><span style="font-variant:
small-caps">prog</span></span></p>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">
</span>at the time our father was still aliveʼ</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US"></span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">What I have found so far is that this construction seems to be very frequent in many African (e.g. Eton, Koyra Chiini, Jalkunan, Fongbe, etc) and Oceanic
languages (e.g. Daakaka, Toqabaqita, 'Are'are, etc.). I was wondering if you are aware of:</span></p>
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<li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:107%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">any paper(s) that has explore this type of construction.</span></li><li><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:107%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">any languages that have this type of construction.</span></li></ol>
<font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman, serif"><br>
</font>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height: 107%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Any help will be appreciated!</span></p>
<p style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height: 107%;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Best,</span></p>
<span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important">--<span> </span></span><br style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small">
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<font face="AR CENA"><span style="font-size: 14.6667px">Jesús Olguín Martínez</span></font></div>
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<font face="Calibri,sans-serif" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt"><font face="AR CENA">Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Linguistics</font></span></font></div>
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<font face="Calibri,sans-serif" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt"><font face="AR CENA"><i>University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)</i></font></span></font></div>
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<font face="Calibri,sans-serif" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt"><font face="AR CENA"><a href="http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jes%C3%BAs-olgu%C3%ADn-mart%C3%ADnez" target="_blank" style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204)">http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/people/jesús-olguín-martínez</a></font></span></font></div>
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<div style=""><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;"><b>References</b></span></div>
<div style="">
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:35.45pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-35.45pt;
line-height:normal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;
mso-fareast-language:ES-MX">Childs, G. Tucker. 1995.
<i>A Grammar of Kisi: A Southern Atlantic Language</i>. <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">
Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:35.45pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-35.45pt;
line-height:normal">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">François, Alexandre. 2002.
</span><i style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; text-indent: -35.45pt;">Araki: A Disappearing Language of Vanuatu</i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">.
(Pacific Linguistics, 522.) Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height: 107%; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:35.45pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-35.45pt;
line-height:normal">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">Thompson, Sandra, Longacre, Robert & Hwang, Shin. 2007. Adverbial Clauses. In
</span><i style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; text-indent: -35.45pt;">Language Typology and Syntactic Description, Volume I</i><i style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; text-indent: -35.45pt;">I:
Complex Constructions</i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">, Timothy Shopen (ed.),</span><i style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-weight: inherit; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
</i><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">237-300. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</span></p>
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