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<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Frans and Harmut,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I think the European verbs of ‘put/leave’ are a bit different. They cannot describe the action of letting go of something you’re holding on without moving it. However the ‘put-let go’ verbs I mentioned can do so.
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0in" start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">Fang4 ta1 de shou3 ‘To let go of his/her hand’ (Mandarin)</li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">Son-ul noh-ta 'to let go of the hand’ (Korean)</li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">гараа тавих ‘to let go of the hand’ (Mongolian)</li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">tso tes ‘to let go of the hand’ (White Hmong)</li></ol>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">For German, for example, <i>Hand lassen</i> cannot express ‘to let go of the hand’, it has to be
<i>Hand loslassen.</i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">A semi-exception would be Italian <i>lasciare</i> which can mean ‘to let go’ and ‘to leave (something somewhere)’.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<ol style="margin-top:0in" start="5" type="1">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">Lasciare la mano ‘To let go of the hand’</li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2">Lasciare il libro sul tavolo ‘To leave the book on the table’
</li></ol>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">But <i>lasciare </i>is still not the “primary” (or the most basic, most frequent) verb for ‘to put’ as I have clarified in my first mail. The primary verb is
<i>mettere</i>. I don’t know much about Greek but αφήνω (after some dictinoary search) seems more like Italian
<i>lasciare</i> as well.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Regards,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Ian</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<hr style="display:inline-block;width:98%" tabindex="-1">
<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Hartmut Haberland <hartmut@ruc.dk><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, January 3, 2019 9:40:23 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Frans Plank; Joo Ian<br>
<b>Cc:</b> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> SV: [Lingtyp] PUT=LET GO: An areal feature?</font>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Exactly, Frans (also MGreek
</span><span lang="EL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">αφήνω</span><span lang="EL" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">’let, let go’, German lassen).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Sie können ihren Mantel hier lassen
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">could be translated by ‘You can leave your coat here’ but also ‘You can put your coat
her’ because putting it there implies leaving it there and vice versa.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Maybe the whole issue is an artefact of our use of English as a metalanguage: ‘to put’
has an extremely wide range of possible meanings.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79">Hartmut Haberland</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"><br>
Professor emeritus<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"><img width="100" height="42" style="width:1.0416in;height:.4375in" id="_x0000_i1025" alt="RUC" src="https://intra.ruc.dk/fileadmin/assets/adm/campusit/ruc.png"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"><br>
<br>
<b>Roskilde University</b><br>
Department of Communication and Arts<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79">Universitetsvej 1<br>
DK-4000 Roskilde<br>
Telephone: +45 46742841</span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1F4E79"><br>
<br>
</span><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Fra:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org>
<b>På vegne af </b>Frans Plank<br>
<b>Sendt:</b> 3. januar 2019 14:34<br>
<b>Til:</b> Joo Ian <ian.joo@outlook.com><br>
<b>Cc:</b> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org; Meichun Liu <meichunliu0107@gmail.com><br>
<b>Emne:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] PUT=LET GO: An areal feature?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">What about English, German, all the rest? <o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">She put the book on the table<o:p></o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sie legte/stellte/setzte/hängte das Buch/Glas/Kaninchen/Bild in den Kühlschrank<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Don’t all these placing verbs imply that you let go? <o:p></o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">The synthetic causatives of the corresponding inchoative verbs (with the local dative rather than the directional accusative occurring with the same prepositions) would work, too, and perhaps even better: <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Sie ließ das Buch … liegen/stehen/sitzen/hängen [after she put it there] <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">This is German: I can gloss it for you if you want. But you probably don’t, because this is not exactly what you’re after :-)<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Season’s Greetings all the same!<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Frans<o:p></o:p></p>
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<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 3. Jan 2019, at 13:08, Marcel Erdal <<a href="mailto:merdal4@gmail.com">merdal4@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Old Turkic (Mongolia, Xinjiang) kod- 'to put down, place' and 'to abandon, give up, leave alone, desert' (e.g. in G. Clauson's dictionary).
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Marcel<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Am Do., 3. Jan. 2019 um 12:02 Uhr schrieb Joo Ian <<a href="mailto:ian.joo@outlook.com">ian.joo@outlook.com</a>>:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Dear all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">I wonder if you know any language where the primary morpheme meaning 'to put' and the one meaning 'to let go (to seize holding something)' are the same.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">At this point I only know four: Mandarin (fàng), Korean (noh), Mongolian (tav), and White Hmong (tso).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">They are all spoken in East Asia (with White Hmong spreading out to SE Asia), so I wonder if this feature is unique to this area.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Ian JOO (</span><span lang="JA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Malgun Gothic",sans-serif">주이안</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><a href="http://ianjoo.academia.edu/" target="_blank">http://ianjoo.academia.edu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">_______________________________________________<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal">_______________________________________________<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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