<div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">There are various British English dialects that have developed the ability to drop <i>to</i> under certain syntactic and semantic circumstances, which vary by dialect. See the attached and also this handout by David Hall: <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZfblrGf3pJUo2Ob0wEn7_X2yOwCQrdHX/view">https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZfblrGf3pJUo2Ob0wEn7_X2yOwCQrdHX/view</a> <div>Best,</div><div>Neil</div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr">On Fri, Jan 11, 2019 at 5:29 PM Viktor Elšík <<a href="mailto:viktor_elsik@hotmail.com">viktor_elsik@hotmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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Dear Ponrawee,</div>
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<br>
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<div style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">
some varieties of Romani (Indo-Aryan) of Slovakia and Hungary (and some Romani varieties possibly of other regions, too) allow the omission of spatial goal (and sometimes also stative location) marking.</div>
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<span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt">In Kisbajom Romani (spoken in a village in southwestern Hungary),
</span><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt">the preposition /ande/ "in, to"
</span><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt">may be omitted when it encodes
</span><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt">goal or location </span><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt">with
</span><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt">named inhabited localities, i.e. <span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">towns and villages</span></span><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt"> (Bodnárová
2015: 237).</span><br>
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<a href="https://www.academia.edu/37054094/Vend_Romani_a_Grammatical_Description_and_Sociolinguistic_Situation_of_the_so-called_Vend_dialects_of_Romani" id="gmail-m_-8188900901599642572LPNoLP622040" style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt" target="_blank">https://www.academia.edu/37054094/Vend_Romani_a_Grammatical_Description_and_Sociolinguistic_Situation_of_the_so-called_Vend_dialects_of_Romani</a><br>
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In Selice Romani (spoken in a village in southwestern Slovakia; my fieldwork), zero marking may occur with common institutional goals, e.g. /džas (andi) búti?/
<span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);display:inline">
[go.PRES.2SS # <a href="http://into.DEF.F.SG" target="_blank">into.DEF.F.SG</a> # work] "are you going to (your) work(place)?" </span>or /džav (andi) iškola/ [go.PRES.1SG # <a href="http://into.DEF.F.SG" target="_blank">into.DEF.F.SG</a> # school] "I'm going to school". (Names of localities require overt locative case marking in this variety, e.g. /džav Požomate/
[go.PRES.1SG # Bratislava.LOC] "I am going to Bratislava".)</div>
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Best regards,</div>
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<br>
</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">
Viktor Elšík</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">
Department of Linguistics</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">
Charles University, Prague</div>
<div style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;color:rgb(0,0,0)">
Czech Republic</div>
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<div id="gmail-m_-8188900901599642572divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> on behalf of Victor Friedman <<a href="mailto:vfriedm@uchicago.edu" target="_blank">vfriedm@uchicago.edu</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, January 11, 2019 10:36 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Giorgio Francesco Arcodia; Ponrawee Prasertsom<br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Cases of loss of goal markers</font>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div class="gmail-m_-8188900901599642572BodyFragment"><font size="2"><span style="font-size:11pt">
<div class="gmail-m_-8188900901599642572PlainText">In southwestern Macedonian (and increasingly in colloquial Macedonian in general)<br>
goal & location, which in the standard language are realized by the same preposition (v/vo 'in, to' na 'on/at, onto/to' depending on the noun)<br>
& the preposition can be realzied as Ø<br>
e.g. odam vo Bitola 'I'm going to Bitola' > odam Bitola<br>
and also jas sum vo Tetovo [na teren] 'I'm in Tetovo' [in the field] > Jas sum Tetovo [na teren]<br>
NB teren 'field' as in 'field work', i.e. a place one goes to for professional reasons.<br>
<br>
Victor A. Friedman<br>
Andrew W. Mellon Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus in the Humanities, University of Chicago<br>
Research Professor, La Trobe University<br>
________________________________________<br>
From: Lingtyp [<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>] on behalf of Giorgio Francesco Arcodia [<a href="mailto:giorgio.arcodia@unimib.it" target="_blank">giorgio.arcodia@unimib.it</a>]<br>
Sent: Friday, January 11, 2019 20:45<br>
To: Ponrawee Prasertsom<br>
Cc: <a href="mailto:LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">LINGTYP@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] Cases of loss of goal markers<br>
<br>
Dear colleague,<br>
<br>
Something like that happened in quite a few Northern Chinese dialects. Generally, however, while the goal marker (you could say it's a suffix on the verb) in itself disappeared, it generally leaves a trace on the verb root, in terms of tone change (something
like ablaut in Indo-European languages).<br>
<br>
A couple of accessible references on this:<br>
<a href="https://hal-inalco.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01283726/document" target="_blank">https://hal-inalco.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01283726/document</a> (by C. Lamarre)<br>
<a href="https://brill.com/view/journals/bcl/8/1/article-p5_3.xml" target="_blank">https://brill.com/view/journals/bcl/8/1/article-p5_3.xml</a> (by myself).<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
<br>
Giorgio<br>
<br>
Il giorno ven 11 gen 2019 alle ore 19:53 Ponrawee Prasertsom <<a href="mailto:ponrawee.pra@gmail.com" target="_blank">ponrawee.pra@gmail.com</a><mailto:<a href="mailto:ponrawee.pra@gmail.com" target="_blank">ponrawee.pra@gmail.com</a>>> ha scritto:<br>
Dear all,<br>
<br>
I am looking for languages where goal markers (case affixes, prepositions, etc. corresponding to English to) developed into zero, i.e. are lost. That is, from something like I go to school to I go school. Does anyone know of such cases?<br>
<br>
Currently, I am aware of only one such case: goal preposition loss on Asia Minor Greek (Karatsareas and Georgakopoulos 2016), which reconstructs history from variation among dialects (se > se/∅ > ∅).<br>
<br>
Ideally, I would like cases with attested historical data, but reconstruction or any other relevant data such as ongoing change etc. is also welcome.<br>
<br>
Reference:<br>
<br>
Karatsareas, Petros and Thanasis Georgakopoulos. 2016. From syntagmatic to paradigmatic spatial zeroes: The loss of the preposition se in inner Asia Minor Greek. STUF - Language Typology and Universals, 69(2), 309-340.<br>
<br>
Yours sincerely,<br>
<br>
--<br>
Ponrawee Prasertsom<br>
<br>
Graduate Student<br>
Department of Linguistics<br>
Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University<br>
Bangkok, Thailand<br>
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