<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Dear Piet,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="">But was that stage left? or audience left?<br class=""></blockquote><div class=""><br class=""></div>In Chinese, the expression 男左女右 ‘man left, woman right’, at least in portraits, originally referred to stage left and right, i.e. from the perspective of the people in the portrait, but most people nowadays interpret this expression to be audience left and right. So the perspective can change over time.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Randy</div><div class=""><div class="">
<div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">-----</span></span><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; text-align: -webkit-auto; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; text-align: -webkit-auto; border-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; text-align: -webkit-auto; border-spacing: 0px;"><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">Randy J. LaPolla, PhD FAHA</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class=""> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">（羅</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: SimSun; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">仁地</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Microsoft JhengHei', sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">）</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: white;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">Professor of Linguistics, with courtesy appointment in Chinese, School of Humanities </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">Nanyang Technological University</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; background-color: white;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">HSS-03-45, 48 Nanyang Ave | Singapore 639818</span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class=""><a href="http://randylapolla.net/" style="color: purple;" class="">http://randylapolla.net/</a></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; background-color: white;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">Most recent books:</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; background-color: white;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><i class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 2nd Edition (</span></i><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">2017)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; background-color: white;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class=""><a href="https://www.routledge.com/The-Sino-Tibetan-Languages-2nd-Edition/LaPolla-Thurgood/p/book/9781138783324" style="color: purple;" class="">https://www.routledge.com/The-Sino-Tibetan-Languages-2nd-Edition/LaPolla-Thurgood/p/book/9781138783324</a></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; background-color: white;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><i class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">Sino-Tibetan Linguistics </span></i><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class="">(2018)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; background-color: white;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); background-color: white;" class=""><a href="https://www.routledge.com/Sino-Tibetan-Linguistics/LaPolla/p/book/9780415577397" style="color: purple;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(149, 79, 114);" class="">https://www.routledge.com/Sino-Tibetan-Linguistics/LaPolla/p/book/9780415577397</span></a></span></div></div></span></span></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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<br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 3 Mar 2019, at 3:20 AM, piet lincoln <<a href="mailto:linc@hawaii.rr.com" class="">linc@hawaii.rr.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div class="">What about political use?<br class=""><br class="">We all know "left" for progressive as opposed to "right" for conservative?<br class=""><br class="">from seating of the French revolutionary parliament?<br class=""><br class="">But was that stage left? or audience left? where the "left" sat?<br class=""><br class="">just asking<br class=""><br class="">Piet<br class=""><br class="">Piet as an homage to Danish polymath, Piet Hein.<br class=""><br class=""><br class="">_______________________________________________<br class="">Lingtyp mailing list<br class=""><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" class="">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br class="">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp<br class=""></div></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></body></html>