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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=IT link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>As a contribution to the ideophones discussion I’m attaching a very interesting article by the ethnolinguist Maurizio Gnerre which will appear in the next issue of the “Archivio Glottologico Italiano” (a monographic issue dedicated to ‘deixis’)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Paolo<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'>Da:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext'> Lingtyp [mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org] <b>Per conto di </b>Martin Haspelmath<br><b>Inviato:</b> martedì 19 marzo 2019 18:55<br><b>A:</b> lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org<br><b>Oggetto:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] A "Swadesh List" of Ideophone semantic categories<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Jeffrey Heath makes a very important point here. It's easy to think of a typical exemplar of an ideophone, and this is so different from other types of words that the special term "ideophone" seems useful. But exemplar-based concepts give us subjective stereotypes, not comparative concepts that can be used for objective cross-linguistic comparison. <br><br>There are other terms of this kind in linguistics ("word", "clitic", "agglutination", "agreement") – they seem useful because everyone can think of a salient exemplar, but they are undefined, so we cannot really use them for quantitative cross-linguistic comparison.<br><br>(The only definition of "ideophone" that I could think of is "obligatorily duplicated forms that can be used as adverbials" – this would include the most typical cases, and would exclude cases like Greek sighá-sighá 'slowly', because sighá on its own is possible as well, if I remember correctly. The definition would exclude many of the cases included by Dingemanse, of course.)<br><br>Martin<br><br><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On 19.03.19 12:07, Heath Jeffrey wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>How do you define "ideophone"? Are English verbs twinkle and sputter ideophones? Are onomatopoeias ideophones? What about adjectival intensifiers like brand in brand new?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>There is no cross-linguistically applicable grammatical definition of this concept, i.e. with necessary and sufficient morphosyntactic properties. Dingemanse's universal definition of ideophones is, for good reason, limited to the convergence of phonological and semantic markedness. Both of these are intrinsically vague and subjective. His definition makes no mention of morphosyntactic properties. <span style='background:white'>In specific languages, morphosyntactically valid word-class categories often include some (intuitively) ideophone-like stems along with some (intuitively) non-ideophone-like stems, and exclude other (intuitively) ideophone-like stems. For example, onomatopoeias (sometimes claimed to be the universal bedrock of ideophones) often constitute a morphosyntactic class of their own, distinct from the class containing many (intuitively) ideophone-like stems. So there is no universal core for ideophone, comparable to that often claimed for adjective or numeral.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Any crosslinguistic survey of ideophone semantics or phonology, even if limited to West Africa, will have to wrestle with the vagueness of the concept. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=2 width="98%" align=center></div><div id=divRplyFwdMsg><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> Lingtyp <a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a> on behalf of Johann-Mattis List <a href="mailto:mattis.list@lingulist.de"><mattis.list@lingulist.de></a><br><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 19, 2019 5:47 AM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] A "Swadesh List" of Ideophone semantic categories</span> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>I'd recommend all of you to see if the concepts you want to use there<br>appear (already) in Concepticon at <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fconcepticon.clld.org&data=02%7C01%7C%7C2da20e444a544c06124008d6ac4feb60%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636885856584198686&sdata=q158Ogy4Tt9jd78oRc8wYeFa9kPTNDlHsbG7Au9jwP0%3D&reserved=0">https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fconcepticon.clld.org&data=02%7C01%7C%7C2da20e444a544c06124008d6ac4feb60%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636885856584198686&sdata=q158Ogy4Tt9jd78oRc8wYeFa9kPTNDlHsbG7Au9jwP0%3D&reserved=0</a>. If not,<br>and you publish your list, we'll gladly add them, if they are not too<br>idiosyncratic, but I'd expect they won't if you go for cross-linguistic<br>studies as a goal.<br><br>Best,<br><br>Mattis<br><br>On 19/03/2019 10.32, Françoise Rose wrote:<br>> Hi Ian,<br>> <br>> Here is a list of general actions or states that are expressed (often<br>> more specifically) by Teko ideophones and that do not seem to fit in<br>> your current list.<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> Blowing<br>> <br>> Be dark<br>> <br>> Closed eyes / Open eyes<br>> <br>> Grimace<br>> <br>> Snoaring<br>> <br>> Tearing<br>> <br>> Entering /exiting<br>> <br>> Winking<br>> <br>> Shooting<br>> <br>> Falling<br>> <br>> Slip<br>> <br>> Jumping<br>> <br>> Go up/down<br>> <br>> Push<br>> <br>> Bubbles<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> You can read about Teko ideophones in my grammar. P. 400-409<br>> <br>> Ros Rose, Françoise. /Grammaire de l’émérillon Teko, Une Langue<br>> Tupi-Guarani de Guyane Française/. Langues et Sociétés d’Amérique<br>> Traditionnelle 10. Louvain: Peeters, 2011.<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> Very best,<br>> <br>> Françoise<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> *De :* Lingtyp <a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a> *De la part<br>> de* Joo Ian<br>> *Envoyé :* mardi 19 mars 2019 09:20<br>> *À :* <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>> *Cc :* <a href="mailto:caroljuan27@gmail.com">caroljuan27@gmail.com</a>; <a href="mailto:mariaflax@gmail.com">mariaflax@gmail.com</a><br>> *Objet :* [Lingtyp] A "Swadesh List" of Ideophone semantic categories<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> Dear all,<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> I am currently trying to make a list of semantic categories of<br>> ideophones, in order to do a cross-linguistic comparison (for example,<br>> do ideophones whose meanings are related to brightness show similarity<br>> across different languages?)<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> Here’s my list so far, created out of my intuition and previous literature.<br>> <br>> I wonder if you have any meanings that you would like to add to or<br>> remove from the list.<br>> <br>> The goal is to make a list of ideophone meanings so that most languages<br>> that have a sizeable ideophone inventory would have at least several<br>> ideophones that belong to each category.<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> *Semantic Categories*<br>> <br>> Air<br>> <br>> Anxiety<br>> <br>> Bright<br>> <br>> Clean<br>> <br>> Clear-cut/Vivid<br>> <br>> Crying<br>> <br>> Dirty/Messy<br>> <br>> Dry<br>> <br>> Eating/Drinking<br>> <br>> Fast<br>> <br>> Flow<br>> <br>> Friction<br>> <br>> Hitting/Beating<br>> <br>> Hungry/Thirsty<br>> <br>> Laughter<br>> <br>> Looking<br>> <br>> Plenty<br>> <br>> Ringing<br>> <br>> Ripping/Cutting<br>> <br>> Romantic<br>> <br>> Rotation<br>> <br>> Rough<br>> <br>> Rupture<br>> <br>> Scattering<br>> <br>> Secretly<br>> <br>> Shaking/Vibration<br>> <br>> Slow/Lazy<br>> <br>> Soft<br>> <br>> Solid<br>> <br>> Speaking<br>> <br>> Stop<br>> <br>> Walking/Running<br>> <br>> Wet<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> I would appreciate any comments or advices.<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> From Seoul,<br>> <br>> Ian<br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> <br>> _______________________________________________<br>> Lingtyp mailing list<br>> <a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>> <a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flistserv.linguistlist.org%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Flingtyp&data=02%7C01%7C%7C2da20e444a544c06124008d6ac4feb60%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636885856584198686&sdata=xDhSFMkKI6mkgBIKhmZj2UAd97ZknAwSfjxHClZZ7JQ%3D&reserved=0">https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flistserv.linguistlist.org%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Flingtyp&data=02%7C01%7C%7C2da20e444a544c06124008d6ac4feb60%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636885856584198686&sdata=xDhSFMkKI6mkgBIKhmZj2UAd97ZknAwSfjxHClZZ7JQ%3D&reserved=0</a><br>> <br>_______________________________________________<br>Lingtyp mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br><a href="https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flistserv.linguistlist.org%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Flingtyp&data=02%7C01%7C%7C2da20e444a544c06124008d6ac4feb60%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636885856584198686&sdata=xDhSFMkKI6mkgBIKhmZj2UAd97ZknAwSfjxHClZZ7JQ%3D&reserved=0">https://nam01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Flistserv.linguistlist.org%2Fmailman%2Flistinfo%2Flingtyp&data=02%7C01%7C%7C2da20e444a544c06124008d6ac4feb60%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C636885856584198686&sdata=xDhSFMkKI6mkgBIKhmZj2UAd97ZknAwSfjxHClZZ7JQ%3D&reserved=0</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><br><br><br><o:p></o:p></p><pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Lingtyp mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote><p class=MsoNormal><br><br><o:p></o:p></p><pre>-- <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Martin Haspelmath (<a href="mailto:haspelmath@shh.mpg.de">haspelmath@shh.mpg.de</a>)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Kahlaische Strasse 10 <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>D-07745 Jena <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>&<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Leipzig University<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Institut fuer Anglistik <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>IPF 141199<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>D-04081 Leipzig <o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br /> <table style="border-top: 1px solid #D3D4DE;">
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