<div dir="ltr"><div>Dear Matt,</div><div><br></div><div>There has been some discussion
of related phenomena as part of research on 'switch-reference', where
grammatical marking indicates whether the subject of one clause is the
same or different from another. The source that comes to mind that
discusses some cases like this, specifically including relative clauses,
is:</div><div>Austin, Peter. 1981. Switch-Reference in Australia. Language 57(2). 309–334. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/413693">https://doi.org/10.2307/413693</a></div><div><br></div><div>The
relativized argument is usually irrelevant to switch-reference,
unless it happens to be the case that there are also restrictions on
which matrix clause arguments can be modified with relative clauses (or with certain subtypes of relative clauses).
Austin seems to discuss some examples of this sort, although the details
are complicated. This point also connects with what Pilar wrote above.</div><div><br></div><div>Daniel Ross</div><div>PhD Candidate in Linguistics<br></div><div>University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sun, Jul 21, 2019 at 9:11 PM Valenzuela, Pilar <<a href="mailto:valenzuela@chapman.edu">valenzuela@chapman.edu</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">Hola Matt,</p>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">Panoan languages have a set of same-subject markers where the matrix clause coreferential argument must be S, and another set where it must be A. The dependent clause argument can be either S or A. Hope this is useful.</p>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">Saludos,</p>
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px">Pilar</p>
</div>
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<div id="gmail-m_-9120659329991331193divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font style="font-size:11pt" face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> on behalf of Seino van Breugel <<a href="mailto:seinobreugel@gmail.com" target="_blank">seinobreugel@gmail.com</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, July 21, 2019 9:37:56 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Matthew Carroll <<a href="mailto:mattcarrollj@gmail.com" target="_blank">mattcarrollj@gmail.com</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> <<a href="mailto:LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" target="_blank">LINGTYP@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a>> <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] Query about constraints on co-referential arguments in matrix clauses</font>
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<div dir="ltr">Dear Matthew,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>My 2010 article on attributive clauses, published in Studies in Language, may be useful to you. I have attached a copy.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Regards,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Seino<br clear="all">
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<div dir="ltr">__________________</div>
<div dir="ltr">Dr. Seino van Breugel<br>
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<div dir="ltr" class="gmail-m_-9120659329991331193x_gmail_attr">On Mon, Jul 22, 2019 at 3:30 AM Matthew Carroll <<a href="mailto:mattcarrollj@gmail.com" target="_blank">mattcarrollj@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br>
</div>
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<div dir="ltr">Dear all,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I am curious about restrictions on arguments in matrix clauses that are co-referential with those in subordinate clauses.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Restrictions on the role that a co-referential argument may play in a subordinate clause are well established in the literature (Keenan and Comrie 1977, and others). Rather I am interested in restrictions that may apply to the role that co-referential
argument may play in the <i>matrix</i> clause.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>For example, in Ngkolmpu a Yam language spoken in West Papua that I have been working on, there is a relative clause strategy involving a right adjoined relative clause. The co-referential argument may serve
<i>any role in the subordinate clause</i> but can only be the <i>absolutive argument of the matrix clause.</i> </div>
<div> </div>
<div><span style="text-align:justify;font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif" lang="EN-GB">1.<span style="font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-stretch:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:"Times New Roman"">
</span></span><span style="text-align:justify;font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif" lang="EN-GB">krar-w irepe pi srampu [<sup>n</sup>top mi bori ye]</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify"> dog</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-caps:small-caps">-sg.erg</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">
</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">man</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">
</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-caps:small-caps">dist</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">
</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">he:will:bite:him</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">
</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">big</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">
</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-caps:small-caps">rel.abs comp</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">
</span><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">is</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify"> 'The dog will bite that man
</span><i style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">who is big</i><span style="font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:10pt;text-align:justify">’</span></div>
<div><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif" lang="EN-GB">
<b>*</b></span></span><span style="text-align:justify;font-size:10pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif" lang="EN-GB">’The dog,
<i>who is big</i>, will bite that man.’</span></div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Example (1) can only be interpreted as 'the man who is big' and never 'the dog who is big'. This has been confirmed through careful and systematic elicitation on this topic and confirmed by examples in my growing corpus (currently at about 1500 naturalistic
utterances). </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Dixon (1977) notes similar restrictions in Yidiɲ. On page 323 of his grammar he posits the <span style="font-size:11pt;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-caps:small-caps;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-image:initial;background-position:initial;background-size:initial;background-repeat:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial">coreferentiality
constraint</span>: "<i>There must be an NP common to the main clause and subordinate clause, and it must be in surface S or O function in each clause." </i></div>
<div><i><br>
</i></div>
<div>Unlike the Ngkolmpu example, this applies to both the matrix NP and the subordinate NP which only applies to the matrix NP. Yet, importantly for my purpose, does place a restriction on the role of the matrix NP. I am curious to see if people know of other
examples of these kind of constraints in matrix NPs? or perhaps there is a paper that I have missed in my (rather brief) survey of the literature on the topic. <br>
<br>
Regards,</div>
<div>Matt</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Matthew J. Carroll</div>
<div><i><br>
</i></div>
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