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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=FR link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#1F497D'>In Mandinka (Mande), the plural marker of nouns is –lú, and personal pronouns have two forms, non-emphatic and emphatic. The non-emphatic forms are ŋ́ (1SG), í (2SG), à (3SG), ŋ̀ (1PL), álí (2PL) and ì (3PL). In the singular, the emphatic marker ‑te is simply added to the non-emphatic form (ń-tè, í-tè, à-té), but in the plural, the emphatic marker must be followed by the plural marker ‑lú (ǹ-tè-lú, álí-tè-lú, ì-tè-lú), in spite of the fact that the first formative is already unambiguously plural.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#1F497D'>Best wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#1F497D'>Denis</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB> </span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB> </span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>From: </span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org> on behalf of Ponrawee Prasertsom <ponrawee.pra@gmail.com><br><b>Date: </b>Friday, 15 November 2019 at 17:02<br><b>To: </b>"lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" <lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org><br><b>Subject: </b>[Lingtyp] Plural markers on (already) plural pronouns</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Dear all, <o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>I have been looking at a number of Tai languages and found that in some of these languages, plural pronouns can optionally take a plural marker normally used on common nouns. For instance, in Shan (Southwestern Tai), the third person plural pronoun <i>khau</i> can optionally take the plural marker <i>cɯ(nai)</i>, viz. <i>khau cɯ(nai)--</i>at least according to Cushing 1871.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Assuming this analysis is correct (if it's not please kindly inform me), I'm wondering how rare this is for pronouns? A quick lookup revealed that a similar phenomenon called "double plural marking" is found in some languages, but seems to be restricted to common nouns only. Does anyone know of any other instances like this for pronouns in other languages?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Sources: Cushing, Josiah Nelson. Grammar of the Shan Language. Rangoon: American Mission Press, 1871.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Best regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>-- <o:p></o:p></span></p><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='letter-spacing:.15pt'>Ponrawee Prasertsom</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Graduate Student<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Department of Linguistics<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='letter-spacing:.15pt'>Faculty of Arts, </span><span lang=EN-US>Chulalongkorn University<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Bangkok, Thailand<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></body></html>