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<font face="Helvetica" size="4"><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">******* Apologies for cross-posting *******</span></font></div>
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<font face="Calibri-Bold"><span style="font-size:14pt; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><b>TypoBo 2020 – Typology in Bologna</b></span></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri-BoldItalic"><span style="font-size:14pt; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><b><i>Comparative constructions: linguistic typology at the crossroads</i></b></span></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri" size="4"><a href="http://airmail.calendar/2020-05-25%2012:00:00%20CEST" style="word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-word"><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt">25-26 May 2020</span></a><br>
<font face="helvetica Neue, helvetica"><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna (Italy)</span></font></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><b>Organized by</b></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"> Alessandra Barotto, Nicola Grandi, Simone Mattiola, Caterina Mauri
(University of Bologna)</span></font></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><b>Invited speakers:</b></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"> Thomas Stolz (University of Bremen), Yvonne Treis (CNRS-LLACAN) </span><br>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><font face="Calibri" style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="margin:0px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt"><b>TypoBO 2020 website</b>: </span></font><a href="https://eventi.unibo.it/typobo-2020" style="margin:0px; font-size:16px; font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; background-color:rgb(255,255,255); word-break:break-word"><span style="margin:0px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:12pt">https://eventi.unibo.it/typobo-2020</span></a><br>
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<span style="font-size:18px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Call for </span><span style="font-size:18px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Papers </span></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Comparative constructions are a set of grammatical strategies that the languages of the world use to compare two or more items in order to highlight both differences
and similarities among them (cf. Dixon 2008, Stolz 2013, Treis 2018). We can recognize different types of comparative constructions depending on the kind of relationship existing between the two (or more) items (Fuchs 2014, Treis 2018). The first relevant
distinction to be made is between quantitative comparison and qualitative comparison (cf. Treis 2018: iii): quantitative comparison can be further divided into comparison of inequality (superiority, e.g. taller than, tallest, or inferiority, e.g. less tall
than, least tall) or equality (e.g. as tall as), while qualitative comparison can be further distinguished into similarity (e.g. like a horse) and simulation (e.g. as if he were a horse).</span></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">The languages of the world exhibit several different formal strategies to express these functions, as argued in the typological literature (e.g. Ultan 1972, Andersen
1983, Stassen 1985, Cuzzolin & Lehmann 2004, Dixon 2008, Stolz 2013, Treis & Vanhove 2017, Treis 2018). However, we can generally identify some elements that are cross-linguistically recurrent within a comparative construction (cf. Stolz 2013: 9 and Treis
2018: ii). The comparee and the standard are the items being compared to each other, respectively, the primum comparationis (comparee) and the secundum comparationis (standard). The parameter or quality is the property on which comparee and standard are compared
(tertium comparationis). The degree (or parameter) marker explicates the kind of relationship that comparee and standard have with respect to the parameter/quality (e.g. more, less, as ... as in English). Finally, the tie or standard marker is the grammatical
function or relation that connects comparee, standard, and quality (e.g. than in English).</span></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Standard markers of comparison seem to develop out of a restricted set of recurrent sources (cf. Heine & Kuteva 2002), such as verbal forms meaning ‘exceed/defeat/surpass’
(Cantonese kwo ‘surpass’ > kwo ‘than’) and interrogative adverbs (Hungarian mint ‘how’ > mint ‘than’). Furthermore, comparative constructions themselves can constitute the source for different diachronic paths, leading to subjective functions such as evidentiality
(e.g. in Even ureci-n ‘like, apparently’ cf. Malchukov 2000: 461) or more intersubjective functions applying at the discourse level, leading to elements such </span></font><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">as discourse
markers (e.g. English</span><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"> </span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">like</span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">) and topic
markers (e.g. English</span><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"> </span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">as for</span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">). In addition,
the discourse use of comparative constructions reveals that these strategies are frequently employed in a highly creative way, taking scope over phrases other than the prototypically gradable ones (e.g. superlatives on nouns and verbs).</span></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">This workshop aims to gather scholars working on comparative constructions, both of the quantitative and qualitative types, integrating the typological perspective with
complementary approaches and methodologies, including diachronic and sociolinguistic ones.</span></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">To reach this aim, we invite submissions addressing one of the following topics:</span></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">(i) Cross-linguistic investigations of one or more comparative constructions using data from </span></font><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">descriptive
grammars and/or corpora;</span></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">(ii) Language-specific descriptions of one or more comparative constructions adopting a </span></font><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">typological
perspective, taking into consideration also discourse variation;</span></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">(iii) Diachronic analyses (typological and/or language specific) investigating the source of one </span></font><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">or
more comparative constructions;</span></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">(iv) Diachronic analyses (typological and/or language specific) investigating the development </span></font><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">of
one or more comparative strategies into new constructions (e.g. evidential markers, discourse markers, etc.).</span></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Selected papers of the workshop will be published in the newly founded, open-access journal </span></font><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><i>Linguistic
Typology at the Crossroads</i></span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">.</span></p>
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<u><font face="Calibri-Bold" size="4"><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><b>Submission information</b></span></font></u></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Anonymous abstracts should be no longer than one-page A4 (margins of 2,5 cm on each side, single- spaced lines, Times New Roman font, 12 pt. font size), with the possibility
of using an additional page for examples and references. Abstracts should be written in English, with fully glossed examples conforming to the Leipzig Glossing Rules.</span></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Submissions should be sent to </span><span style="font-size:15px"><span style="color:rgb(5,99,193)"><a href="mailto:typologyinbologna@gmail.com" style="word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-word"><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">typologyinbologna@gmail.com</span></a></span><span style="color:rgb(5,99,193); font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"> </span></span></font></p>
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<span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><b style="font-size:15px">Deadline for submission</b></span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">: </span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri"><a href="http://airmail.calendar/2020-02-05%2012:00:00%20CET" style="word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-word"><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">February
5</span></a></span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">, 2020.</span></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><b>Notification of acceptance:</b></span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"> </span><span style="font-size:15px"><a href="http://airmail.calendar/2020-03-01%2012:00:00%20CET" style="word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-word"><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">March
1, 2020</span></a></span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">.</span></font></p>
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<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">I</span></font><font face="Calibri" style="color:inherit; font-size:inherit; font-style:inherit; font-variant-ligatures:inherit; font-variant-caps:inherit; font-weight:inherit; background-color:"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">nformation
and updates can be found on the TypoBO 2020 website: </span></font><a href="https://eventi.unibo.it/typobo-2020" style="word-break:break-word; font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">https://eventi.unibo.it/typobo-2020</span></a></p>
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<font face="Calibri-Bold" size="4"><span style="font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><b><u>References</u></b></span></font></p>
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<span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Andersen, Paul Kent. 1983.
</span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><i>Word Order Typology and Comparative Constructions.</i></span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"> Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px">
<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Cuzzolin, Pierluigi & Christian Lehmann. 2004. Comparison and gradation. In Geert Booij, Christian Lehmann, Joachim Mugdan & Stavros Skopeteas (eds.),
</span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><i>Morphologie. Ein internationales Handbuch zur Flexion und Wortbildung</i></span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">, vol. 17.2, 1857–1882. Berlin:
Mouton de Gruyter.</span></font></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px">
<font face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Dixon, R.M.W. 2008. Comparative constructions: A cross-linguistic typology.
</span><span style="font-size:15px; font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><i>Studies in Language
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