<div dir="ltr">There exists also the well-known case of the Latin -<i>sc- </i>suffix, originally an inchoative suffix: <i>pallesco </i>"I become pale", <i>senesco </i>"I'm getting old". In Italian we have <i>finisco, finisci, finisce </i>(1-3 Sg) but <i>finiamo, finite</i> (1 and 2 Pl. -- not *<i>finisciamo, *finiscete </i>!<i>) </i>and,again,<i> finiscono (</i>3rd Pl.). In French you get: <i>je,tu finis, il/elle finit </i> and in Plural <i>nous finissons</i> (not *<i>finions</i>!), <i>vous finissez</i> (not *<i>finiez </i>!),<i> ils/elles finissent.</i> Impf.<i> finiss- </i>for all the persons, in Sg. as well as in Pl. The -<i>sc</i>- suffix has lost its original function and has been incorporated into the end morpheme, more radically in French than in Italian: cp. <i>fini-ss-ons</i> vs, <i>fini-amo. </i>Why in It. we have<i> fini-amo </i>and no<i>t fini-sci-amo </i>remains unclear. Reasons of 'columnar accent' have been suggested. At any rate -<i>sc</i>- can be considered an epenthetic, semantic bleached element.<div>Best,</div><div>P.Rt.</div><div><br clear="all"><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr">prof. dr. Paolo Ramat<div><div> Università di Pavia (retired)</div><div>Istituto Universitario Studi Superiori (IUSS Pavia) (retired)</div><div>Accademia dei Lincei, Socio corrispondente<br><div>'Academia Europaea'</div><div>'Societas Linguistica Europaea', Honorary Member</div></div></div><div>piazzetta Arduino 11 - I 27100 Pavia</div><div>##39 0382 27027</div><div>347 044 98 44</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">Il giorno mar 4 feb 2020 alle ore 17:13 Paul J Hopper <<a href="mailto:hopper@cmu.edu">hopper@cmu.edu</a>> ha scritto:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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<p>Also the idea of phonogenesis--ex-morphemes reanalyzed as new phonological segments.</p>
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<p>- Paul Hopper</p>
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<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:13.3333px">Paul J. Hopper, </span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:13.3333px">1994. “Phonogenesis.” In W. Pagliuca and G. Davis, eds., </span><i style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:13.3333px">Perspectives
on Grammaticalization</i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:13.3333px">. pp 29-46. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;font-size:medium;font-family:Cambria,serif">
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:13.3333px"></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:10pt">--1990 “Where do words come from?” In W. Croft, K. Denning, & S. Kemmer, eds., </span><i style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:10pt">Studies
in Typology and Diachrony for Joseph Greenberg</i><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:10pt">, 151-160. Amsterdam: John Benjamins</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:10pt"> </span></p>
<p style="margin:0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;font-size:medium;font-family:Cambria,serif">
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:10pt">(both on <a href="http://academia.edu" target="_blank">academia.edu</a>)</span></p>
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<div id="gmail-m_9200712121450750206x_divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" color="#000000" style="font-size:11pt"><b>From:</b> Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> on behalf of Jan Rijkhoff <<a href="mailto:linjr@cc.au.dk" target="_blank">linjr@cc.au.dk</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, February 4, 2020 3:56:15 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] morpheme -> empty morph -> epenthetic formative?</font>
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<div>Another publication, that might cover some of the phenomena discussed here:<br>
<br>
Williams, Jeffrey P. (ed.) 2013. The Aesthetics of Grammar. Sound and meaning in the languages of mainland Southeast Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br>
The languages of mainland Southeast Asia evidence an impressive array of elaborate grammatical resources, such as echo words, phonaesthetic words, chameleon affixes, chiming derivatives, onomatopoeic forms, ideophones and expressives. Speakers of these languages
fashion grammatical works of art in order to express and convey emotions, senses, conditions and perceptions that enrich discourse. This book provides a detailed comparative overview of the mechanisms by which aesthetic qualities of speech operate as part
of speakers' grammatical knowledge. Each chapter focuses on a different language and explores the grammatical information of a number of well- and lesser-known languages from mainland Southeast Asia. It will be of great interest to syntacticians, morphologists,
linguistic anthropologists, language typologists, cognitive scientists interested in language, and instructors of Southeast Asian languages.<br>
<br>
On exaptation, see also e.g.<br>
Greenberg, Joseph H. 1991a. "The last stages of grammatical elements; contrastive and expansive desemanticization", in Elizabeth Closs Traugott & Bernd Heine (eds.), Approaches to Grammaticalization, 2 Vols.. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 301-314.<br>
<br>
Jan R<br>
<br>
J. Rijkhoff, Linguistics<br>
School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University<br>
Jens Chr. Skous Vej 2, Building 1485-621<br>
DK-8000 Aarhus C, DENMARK<br>
Phone: (+45) 87162143<br>
URL: <a href="http://pure.au.dk/portal/en/linjr@cc.au.dk" target="_blank">http://pure.au.dk/portal/en/linjr@cc.au.dk</a><br>
<br>
________________________________________<br>
From: Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> on behalf of David Osgarby <<a href="mailto:david.john.osgarby@gmail.com" target="_blank">david.john.osgarby@gmail.com</a>><br>
Sent: Monday, February 3, 2020 11:44 PM<br>
To: TALLMAN Adam; <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" target="_blank">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
Subject: Re: [Lingtyp] morpheme -> empty morph -> epenthetic formative?<br>
<br>
Hi Adam,<br>
<br>
Jaminjung and Ngaliwurru (Mirndi, AU) have an 'epenthetic syllable' (Schultze-Berndt 2000: 99) that is a reflex of a desiderative morpheme, which '[...] is maintained only when the pronominal complex is consonant-final, and hence would have provided a pre-existing
strategy to adhere to a preference for final vowels, avoiding potentially dispreferred consonant clusters [...]' (Osgarby 2018: 271).<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
David<br>
<br>
Schultze-Berndt, Eva. 2000. Simple and Complex Verbs in Jaminjung: A Study of Event Categorisation in an Australian Language. MPI Series in Psycholinguistics 14. Wageningen: Ponsen & Looijen.<br>
<br>
Osgarby, David. 2018. “Reconstructing Proto-Mirndi Verbal Morphology: From Particles and Clitics to Prefixes.” Australian Journal of Linguistics 38 (2): 223–92.
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2018.1400504" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1080/07268602.2018.1400504</a>.<br>
<br>
On Tue, 4 Feb 2020 at 00:11, TALLMAN Adam <<a href="mailto:Adam.TALLMAN@cnrs.fr" target="_blank">Adam.TALLMAN@cnrs.fr</a><mailto:<a href="mailto:Adam.TALLMAN@cnrs.fr" target="_blank">Adam.TALLMAN@cnrs.fr</a>>> wrote:<br>
Hey everyone,<br>
<br>
I'm asking if anyone has described or found likely cases where some epenthetic segment(s) has/have been exapted from previously meaningful morphology.<br>
<br>
So think of a morpheme that once meant something, becomes semantically bleached, but then acquires a function as an epenthetic element to meet minimality conditions or to avoid vowel hiatus or something else.<br>
<br>
I understand (from wikipedia) that /t/ in French interrogatives comes from habet and could be an example of this and the insertion of /n/ in English after 'a' determiner #vowel is also an example. I'm wondering about more sources on diachronic processes like
these. Also any good sources on the French and English processes would also be helpful.<br>
<br>
best,<br>
<br>
Adam<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Adam James Ross Tallman (PhD, UT Austin)<br>
ELDP-SOAS -- Postdoctorant<br>
CNRS -- Dynamique Du Langage (UMR 5596)<br>
Bureau 207, 14 av. Berthelot, Lyon (07)<br>
Numero celular en bolivia: +59163116867<br>
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