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<div dir="ltr" data-setdir="false" style=""><div style=""><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: lucida console, sans-serif;" dir="ltr" data-setdir="false">Dear Natalia, Jeremy and all:<br><br> Thank Natalia for initiating this discussion， and thank Jeremy for mentioning my article. My article was written in Chinese published in a WeChat account on January 28, rather early, which was read by nearly twenty thousand people in two days. I mentioned <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial;"><font size="3" style="background-color: inherit;">Zipf's correlation between frequency and word/expression length in my article</font></span><span style="font-size: 14px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial;">. </span>And in fact I informally mentioned this possible shorter term in a WeChat group with my students even earlier, namely on January 11. This term was formally adopted by the public health administration on February 9. Now, this shorter term has become the most common term for this disease. In some cases, a even shorter term is used, namely Xinguan (novel crown)， which was also proposed in my article.<br><br>By the way，Unfortunately, in Sichuan province, there is a famous brand for moon cake and other Chinese cookies called Xinguan (with the same characters). That will be a big problem for this large food company.</div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: lucida console, sans-serif;" dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"><br></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: lucida console, sans-serif;" dir="ltr" data-setdir="false"> Danqing</div></div><div style="font-size: 16px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: lucida console, sans-serif;"><br></div><br></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"><br></div>
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On Saturday, May 2, 2020, 11:45:31 PM GMT+8, tangzhengda <tangzhengda@126.com> wrote:
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<div><div id="ydp26c7099eyiv2390049360"><div><div style="line-height:1.7;color:#000000;font-size:14px;font-family:Arial;"><div style="margin:0;">In Chinese, the counterpart is '<i>xin-guan </i>(new-crown)', abreviated from the full form of '<i><b>xin</b>-xing <b>guan</b>-zhuang (bingdu)</i>' (new-type crown-shape (virus)) and used as a modifier either to<i> bingdu (</i>the virus) or directly to<i> feiyan</i> (the pneumonia, lit. lung-inflammation) caused by the infection of the virus. Ocassionally,<i> xin-guan</i> is used directly<i> as</i> the virus or even more rarely, as the pneumonia. </div><div style="margin:0;"><br clear="none"></div><div style="margin:0;">Bridled by the disyllabic constraint, two syllables are expected to be selected from the four:<i> xin-xing guan-zhuang</i>; Finally<i> xin-guan</i> wins, for they are probably most 'informative' and indicative of the full form. </div><div style="margin:0;"><br clear="none"></div><div style="margin:0;">By the optimal manner of discussion, <b>Professor Danqing LIU </b>had published an article and successfully predicted and advocated the unified use of<i> xin-guan</i> during the period <span style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; float: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important;">of mixed use of other candidates, such as</span><i style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-size: 14px; font-style: italic; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2;"> xin-xing, guan-zhuang,</i><span style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; float: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important;"> etc. </span></div><div style="margin:0;"><span style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; float: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important;"><br clear="none"></span></div><div style="margin:0;"><span style="text-align: left; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; float: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important;">Interestingly,<i> xin-guan</i> may<b> not</b> be able to invoke the meaning or the image of 'a crown', of which the lexical counterpart is the disyllabic <i>huang-guan </i>or <i>wang-guan </i>(emperor- or king-crown). It is because the monosyllable<b> <i>guan </i></b>ceases to go into the lexicon. One of the results is that quite a number of people mispronounce<i> xin55-guan55 </i>as <i>xin55-guan51</i>, since the latter morpheme, meaning 'championship, top', is more frequently employed for lexicalization.<i> </i></span></div><div style="margin:0;"><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><br clear="none"></div><div style="margin:0;"><br clear="none"></div><p style="margin:0;"><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><i></i><br clear="none"></p><p style="margin:0;"><br clear="none"></p><p style="margin:0;"><br clear="none"></p><p style="margin:0;">Jeremy Tang</p><div style="position:relative;zoom:1;"><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,</div><div>No.5 Jianguomennei Dajie, Beijing, China; 100732</div><div style="clear:both;"></div></div><div id="ydp26c7099eyiv2390049360divNeteaseMailCard"></div><p style="margin:0;"><br clear="none"></p><p>At 2020-05-02 18:47:03, "Natalia Levshina" <natalevs@gmail.com> wrote:</p><div class="ydp26c7099eyiv2390049360yqt6187824608" id="ydp26c7099eyiv2390049360yqt51626"><blockquote id="ydp26c7099eyiv2390049360isReplyContent" style="PADDING-LEFT:1ex;MARGIN:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;BORDER-LEFT:#ccc 1px solid;"><div dir="ltr"><div>Dear colleagues,<br clear="none"></div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>I'm writing an informal blog post about the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on language, with a focus on Zipf's correlation between frequency and word/expression length. For example, the clipping <i>corona (</i>from<i> coronavirus) </i>is becoming increasingly popular in English: <a shape="rect" href="https://public.oed.com/blog/corpus-analysis-of-the-language-of-covid-19/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://public.oed.com/blog/corpus-analysis-of-the-language-of-covid-19/</a> </div><div>I also have some data from Dutch, German, Russian and Polish. I'm wondering how other languages behave in that respect. In particular,</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>1) Is there a shorter form for coronavirus, like <i>corona</i>? Can it only refer to the virus, or also to the pandemic and the disease?</div><div>2) If there is such a form, is it used widely or occasionally (e.g. humorously/creatively/in quotes)? For example, in Russian <i>koronavirus</i> is the preferred form because <i>korona</i> means 'a crown'. There's an untranslatable Russian joke, <i><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:107%;">Prince
Charles finally got a crown (korona), but it was the wrong one.</span></i></div><div>3) Is there a popular everyday (i.e. non-astronomic) meaning of the word that corresponds to corona in that language (e.g. a crown, like in Russian)?</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div><br clear="none"></div>4) Also, are there any other abbreviations or substitutions (e.g. the use of a shorter formally unrelated word, like <i>car</i> instead of <i>automobile</i>) related to the pandemic you have observed? <div><br clear="none"></div><div>I promise to post a summary if I get enough interesting data.</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Many thanks and stay corona(virus)-free!</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>Natalia Levshina</div><div><div><br clear="none"></div>-- <br clear="none"><div class="ydp26c7099eyiv2390049360gmail_signature" dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><font size="2">Natalia Levshina</font><div><span style="font-family:arial, sans-serif;">Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics</span><br clear="none"></div><div><font face="arial, sans-serif">Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD Nijmegen</font></div><div><font face="arial, sans-serif">The Netherlands</font></div><div><br clear="none"></div><div><br clear="none"><br clear="none"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
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