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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Yes, and actually Bloomfield used “agreement” as a cover term for “concord”, “government”, and “cross-reference”, but as Cysouw notes in the paper Martin refers to, the term is now normally
restricted to what was earlier called “concord”.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Östen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Från:</b> Lingtyp <lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org>
<b>För </b>Nigel Vincent<br>
<b>Skickat:</b> den 26 juni 2020 11:59<br>
<b>Till:</b> Martin Haspelmath <haspelmath@shh.mpg.de>; lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org<br>
<b>Ämne:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] languages of scholarship<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">But the term 'agreement' has been around in writings about grammar for centuries. Here is the relevant entry from the OED:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<h3><strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">6.</span></strong><span style="color:black">
<em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Grammar</span></em>. The fact or condition of agreeing in number, gender, case, person, etc., with another element in the sentence or clause. Cf.
<a href="https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/38345#eid8665709">concord n.<sup>1</sup> 6</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">1549 W. Lily <em>
<span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Shorte Introd. Gram.</span></em> (new ed.) To Rdr. sig. Aiii Lette hym passe to the Concordes, to knowe the agreement of partes amonge theim selues.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">1669 J. Milton <em>
<span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Accedence</span></em> 41 The agreement of words together in Number, Gender, Case, and Person, which is call'd Concord.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">1787 H. Blair <em>
<span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Lect. Rhetoric</span></em> (ed. 3) I. viii. 200 When I say, in Latin, ‘Formosa fortis viri uxor’, it is only the agreement, in gender, number, and case, of the adjective ‘formosa’..with the substantive ‘uxor’..that
declares the meaning.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">1879 J. A. H. Murray in
<em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Trans. Philol. Soc.</span></em> 619 In the English ‘the men push the stone,’ we have neither formal expression of the destination [of the action] nor formal agreement of verb and subject.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">1979 <em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Amer. Speech 1976</span></em>
<strong><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">51</span></strong> 134 Of the nine problems covered, subject-verb agreement receives a thorough treatment.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">2004 H. Barber et al. in M. Carreiras & C. Clifton
<em><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">On-line Study Sentence Comprehension</span></em> xv. 315 Agreement in gender between nouns and adjectives is mandatory in Spanish.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">Professor Nigel Vincent, FBA MAE<br>
Professor Emeritus of General & Romance Linguistics<br>
The University of Manchester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">Linguistics & English Language<br>
School of Arts, Languages and Cultures<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">The University of Manchester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><a href="https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html">https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:black">From:</span></b><span style="color:black"> Lingtyp <<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>> on behalf of Martin Haspelmath <<a href="mailto:haspelmath@shh.mpg.de">haspelmath@shh.mpg.de</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, June 26, 2020 11:43 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a> <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] languages of scholarship</span> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Maybe if you're Danish (like Hartmut and Nigel), or were otherwise raised in some small (and rich) European country, then understanding many of these languages is kind of natural.<br>
<br>
But somehow asking *all linguists* to be like this seems Eurocentric to me. Korean/Chinese linguists (like Ian Joo) or African linguists will simply not have the chance to encounter so many languages in which other linguists have written relevant work. (In
Africa, even big languages like Hausa and Yoruba are rarely used for academic purposes, it seems.)<br>
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On the other hand, it's also ethnocentric to only cite work by American linguists and somehow assume that there is nothing else of relevance.<br>
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So what's the solution? I think it must be (i) practical universalism (only use English/Globish), combined with (ii) awareness of the parochialism of English-language traditions.<br>
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As an example of the latter, consider the term "agreement": As I realized only after reading Cysouw (2011) (<a href="https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17668/1/thli.2011.011.pdf">https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17668/1/thli.2011.011.pdf</a>), this term did not
exist in linguistics before Bloomfield (1933), and the relevant concepts didn't exist earlier either. Same with "grammatical relation" (due to Chomsky 1965), "focus" (due to Chomsky 1970), and quite a few other terms. Natural as these terms seem to us, they
may not be the results of scientific discoveries that we made, but mostly due to the spread of the English language (and the influence of a few linguists working at rich U.S. universities).<br>
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Universalism and parochialism are in a certain tension, but I think we really need to adopt both at the same time if we want to progress in our scientific understanding of language(s).<br>
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Martin<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Am 26.06.20 um 11:22 schrieb Hartmut Haberland:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span lang="FR" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Et si l'article porte sur le grec moderne, il doit souvent se référer à la tradition grammaticale grecque (Tzartzanos) ou française (Roussel, Mirambel).
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Restricting oneself to discourses in
<i>one</i> language is myopic. Most linguists really need to read more than just two or three languages to keep up with the relevant literature, but how many do?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="xmsonormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">(Robert E. Wall said in the famous McCawley Festschrift, “More people can make out what it is about in French than actually read it”.)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="xmsonormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">To take a concrete example:
<i>Acta Linguistica Hafniensia </i>was founded in 1939 and its first issue contained papers in German, French and English. Today, it still calls itself an ‘international journal’, but now practically all papers are in English, with very few exceptions. However,
if you take a random issue (51(1), May 2019), apart from one paper specifically dealing with English, there are references to literature in German, French, Greek, Norwegian, and Swedish. So linguists are at least not passively monolingual.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="xmsonormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Hartmut Haberland
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<p class="xmsonormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Fra:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Lingtyp
<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org"><lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org></a>
<b>På vegne af </b>Nigel Vincent<br>
<b>Sendt:</b> 26. juni 2020 10:04<br>
<b>Til:</b> Wiemer, Bjoern <a href="mailto:wiemerb@uni-mainz.de"><wiemerb@uni-mainz.de></a>; Gilles Authier
<a href="mailto:gilles.authier@gmail.com"><gilles.authier@gmail.com></a><br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
<b>Emne:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] languages of scholarship</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Et si l'article est sur une langue romane mais les références jugées indispensables sont écrites en allemand ou en danois … ?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">Professor Nigel Vincent, FBA MAE<br>
Professor Emeritus of General & Romance Linguistics<br>
The University of Manchester</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">Linguistics & English Language<br>
School of Arts, Languages and Cultures</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">The University of Manchester</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><a href="https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html">https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"> Wiemer, Bjoern <<a href="mailto:wiemerb@uni-mainz.de">wiemerb@uni-mainz.de</a>><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, June 26, 2020 9:44 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Gilles Authier <<a href="mailto:gilles.authier@gmail.com">gilles.authier@gmail.com</a>>; Nigel Vincent <<a href="mailto:nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk">nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a> <<a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> AW: [Lingtyp] languages of scholarship</span> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xmsonormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Je pense que oui… Actually, the same applies to articles on (a language from) other language groups (e.g., Slavic) or subgroups (e.g., Scandinavian)…</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">BW</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="xxmsonormal"><b><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Von:</span></b><span lang="DE" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Lingtyp [<a href="mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org">mailto:lingtyp-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>]
<b>Im Auftrag von </b>Gilles Authier<br>
<b>Gesendet:</b> Freitag, 26. Juni 2020 09:35<br>
<b>An:</b> Nigel Vincent <<a href="mailto:nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk">nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br>
<b>Betreff:</b> Re: [Lingtyp] languages of scholarship</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE">Si l'article est sur une langue romane et que les références jugées indispensables sont écrites dans une langue romane, il me semblerait devoir être rejeté, oui.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE">GA</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE">On Fri, Jun 26, 2020 at 7:52 AM Nigel Vincent <<a href="mailto:nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk">nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk</a>> wrote:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">A related question to Ian's that I have sometimes thought about concerns the languages a researcher should be able to read in order to access relevant scholarship. Should,
for example, a paper be rejected or revisions asked for if someone writing in English on a general linguistic topic has not cited relevant work written in a language other than English?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Nigel</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">Professor Nigel Vincent, FBA MAE<br>
Professor Emeritus of General & Romance Linguistics<br>
The University of Manchester</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">Linguistics & English Language<br>
School of Arts, Languages and Cultures</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">The University of Manchester</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><a href="https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html" target="_blank">https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="xxmsonormal"><span lang="DE">_______________________________________________<br>
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<pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Lingtyp mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href="http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
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<pre>-- <o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Martin Haspelmath (<a href="mailto:haspelmath@shh.mpg.de">haspelmath@shh.mpg.de</a>)<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Kahlaische Strasse 10 <o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>D-07745 Jena <o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>&<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Leipzig University<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Institut fuer Anglistik <o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>IPF 141199<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>D-04081 Leipzig<o:p></o:p></pre>
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