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<p>I'm glad Mark brought the parts of speech question up.</p>
<p>There's no good reason to believe that <i>bahasa</i>, a loan
into Galela from the local Ternate dialect of Malay, is
particularly nouny in its (immediate) source language either. I
just looked through our large Ternate Malay corpus (compiled by
Betty Litamahuputty and freely accessible online), and if you
insist on distinguishing nouns from verbs in Ternate Malay, well
there are some examples of <i>bahasa </i>that look nouny but
others that look verby, such as the following:</p>
<p>kong de bahasa Tidore kong de mangamuk<br>
CONJ 3SG language Tidore CONJ 3SG ACT:amok<br>
'She speaks Tidore and goes amok'</p>
<p>In other examples, bahasa may occur with the "medial verbal"
prefix <i>ber-</i> and with the reciprocal marker <i>baku</i>.</p>
<p>David</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 21/07/2020 23:46, Mark Donohue
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:CAKyRuzTuW0L-+JjEMVycT7N7iA9eNDvQ8F3REgF32EdPJJoTLw@mail.gmail.com">
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<div dir="ltr">
<div dir="ltr">Why do we think that <i>bahasa</i> and <i>bobapo</i>,
in Galela, are nouns?
<div>Based on the evidence, they're not.</div>
<div><font face="arial, sans-serif">(Not saying that they're
verbs, just that, if nouns are "things that don't behave
like verbs", as is implied in the question, then <i
style="color:rgb(0,0,0)">bahasa</i><span
style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:medium"> and </span><i
style="color:rgb(0,0,0)">bobapo</i><span
style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:medium"> aren't nouns,
in Galela.</span></font></div>
<div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:medium"><font
face="arial, sans-serif"><br>
</font></span></div>
<div><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:medium"><font
face="arial, sans-serif">-Mark</font></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">
<div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, 22 Jul 2020 at 01:10,
Joo, Ian <<a href="mailto:joo@shh.mpg.de"
moz-do-not-send="true">joo@shh.mpg.de</a>> wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<div class="gmail-m_1658811129734446647WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a
name="m_1658811129734446647__olk_signature"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="font-family:"Malgun
Gothic",sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Dear all,</span></a><span><span
lang="EN-US"></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span
style="font-family:"Malgun
Gothic",sans-serif" lang="EN-US">In Galela
(West Papuan), nouns can be inflected like verbs, as
illustrated below:</span></span><span><span
lang="EN-US"></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span lang="EN-US"><img
style="width: 6.7343in; height: 3.0416in;"
id="gmail-m_1658811129734446647Picture_x0020_1"
src="cid:part3.C7D72F49.9EC83809@shh.mpg.de"
class="" width="647" height="292"></span></span><span><span
lang="EN-US"></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span
style="font-family:"Malgun
Gothic",sans-serif" lang="EN-US">I would like
to know if this is a cross-linguistically common
phenomenon, and if so, what other languages show
similar patterns.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span
style="font-family:"Malgun
Gothic",sans-serif" lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span
style="font-family:"Malgun
Gothic",sans-serif" lang="EN-US">From Hong
Kong,</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span
style="font-family:"Malgun
Gothic",sans-serif" lang="EN-US">Ian</span></span><span></span><span
lang="EN-US"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
</div>
</div>
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<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
David Gil
Senior Scientist (Associate)
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Kahlaische Strasse 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:gil@shh.mpg.de">gil@shh.mpg.de</a>
Mobile Phone (Israel): +972-556825895
Mobile Phone (Indonesia): +62-81344082091</pre>
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