<div dir="ltr">Nanai (Tungusic) dictionary online (in Russian): <a href="https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/tungus/nanai.pdf">https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/tungus/nanai.pdf</a> The site, <a href="https://altaica.ru">https://altaica.ru</a> has numerous links to dictionaries of different languages that were considered to be part of the Altaic 'family'. Have at it!<div>Merry Christmas, and a Safe and Happy 2021 to everyone!</div><div><br></div><div>Best wishes,</div><div>Jess Tauber</div><div><a href="mailto:tetrahedralpt@gmail.com">tetrahedralpt@gmail.com</a></div></div><div id="DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2"><br>
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</table><a href="#DAB4FAD8-2DD7-40BB-A1B8-4E2AA1F9FDF2" width="1" height="1"></a></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Dec 25, 2020 at 7:22 AM Johanna Laakso <<a href="mailto:johanna.laakso@univie.ac.at">johanna.laakso@univie.ac.at</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div style="overflow-wrap: break-word;">Dear Ian, dear all,<div><br></div><div>in the Finnic languages, ‘north’ (Modern Standard Finnish pohjoinen etc.) is etymologically connected with ‘bottom’ (Finnish pohja etc.), while ‘south’ is ‘front’ (Finnish etelä ‘south’, Estonian edel ‘southwest’ etc. from ete- ‘front’). This is usually explained with the fact that the houses or huts normally had their doors towards the south, to get as much light and warmth as possible. And then you can go on speculating with whether and how the prehistoric people of the North, living in teepee-like huts, saw the world as a giant dwelling, with the sky as its ceiling.</div><div><br></div><div>Best</div><div>Johanna<br><div><br><blockquote type="cite"><div>JOO, Ian [Student] <<a href="mailto:ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk" target="_blank">ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk</a>> kirjoitti 25.12.2020 kello 7.29:</div><br><div><div name="messageBodySection" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><div dir="auto">Dear typologists,<br><br>I am currently working on a doctoral project focusing on the areality of Mainland Northeast Asia (Korea, Mongolia, Northeast China, but <strong>not</strong> Japan, Russian Far East, or Sout<span>hern/Western China).</span><br>One of the interesting possible areal features of MNEA languages (Tuvan, Manchu, Korean, Mandarin, and Mongolian) that I’ve found is that these five languages, except Mandarin, can express “North” with the word meaning “rear; back; behind”. Please see the map:<br><span id="gmail-m_3786486811904619329cid:82A3F024701F4B0692CCA7C2CAE5EA7F"><Attachment.tiff></span><br><br>(Note that, in Mandarin, <em>bei</em> 北 `North’ and <em>bei </em>背 `back; backside’ differ only in tone, and are etymologically related)<br>I’m curious if this polysemy exists in other areas as well, and if so, what would be the motivation? (Historical? Cultural? Religious? Cognitive? Climatic?)</div></div><div name="messageSignatureSection" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><br>Regards,<div dir="auto">Ian</div></div><img alt="" src="https://www.polyu.edu.hk/emaildisclaimer/PolyU_Email_Signature.jpg" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;float:none;display:inline"></span><p style="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:12px;font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><br><em><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Disclaimer:</font></em></p><div style="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:12px;font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><br></div><p style="margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:12px;font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;margin-left:0.5in"><i><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span>This message (including any attachments) contains confidential information intended for a specific individual and purpose. 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Any views and opinions expressed are only those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the University and the University accepts no liability whatsoever for any losses or damages incurred or caused to any party as a result of the use of such information.</font></span></i></p><span id="gmail-m_3786486811904619329cid:82A3F024701F4B0692CCA7C2CAE5EA7F"><Attachment.tiff></span><span style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;float:none;display:inline">_______________________________________________</span><br style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;float:none;display:inline">Lingtyp mailing list</span><br style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><a href="mailto:Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px" target="_blank">Lingtyp@listserv.linguistlist.org</a><br style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><a href="http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:14px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px" target="_blank">http://listserv.linguistlist.org/mailman/listinfo/lingtyp</a></div></blockquote></div><br><div>
<div dir="auto" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px"><span style="border-collapse:separate;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Helvetica;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;border-spacing:0px"><div style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="border-collapse:separate;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:Helvetica;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;border-spacing:0px"><div style="overflow-wrap: break-word;"><div>--</div><div>Univ.Prof. Dr. Johanna Laakso</div><div>Universität Wien, Institut für Europäische und Vergleichende Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft (EVSL)</div><div>Abteilung Finno-Ugristik</div><div>Campus AAKH Spitalgasse 2-4 Hof 7</div><div>A-1090 Wien</div><div><a href="mailto:johanna.laakso@univie.ac.at" target="_blank">johanna.laakso@univie.ac.at</a> • <a href="http://homepage.univie.ac.at/Johanna.Laakso/" target="_blank">http://homepage.univie.ac.at/Johanna.Laakso/</a></div><div>Project ELDIA: <a href="http://www.eldia-project.org/" target="_blank">http://www.eldia-project.org/</a> </div><div><br></div></div></span><br></div></span><br></div><br></div><br><br>
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