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Dear Joo
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<div class="">as far as I know, in Chinese culture, developed on the continent,South i the fundamental cardinal point, because you face the sun when considering the space around you. In our culture, on the other hand, that developed with fabulous sea travels,
reference is made to the Polar Star, that helped sailors in their nocturnal routes. In representations this leads to have opposite references.</div>
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Paolo Driussi<br class="">
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Università degli Studi di Udine<br class="">
DIUM</div>
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Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici e del Patrimonio Culturale</div>
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<a href="mailto:paolo.driussi@uniud.it" class="">paolo.driussi@uniud.it</a></div>
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<div class="">Il giorno 25 dic 2020, alle ore 07:29, JOO, Ian [Student] <<a href="mailto:ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk" class="">ian.joo@connect.polyu.hk</a>> ha scritto:</div>
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<div dir="auto" class="">Dear typologists,<br class="">
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I am currently working on a doctoral project focusing on the areality of Mainland Northeast Asia (Korea, Mongolia, Northeast China, but <strong class="">not</strong> Japan, Russian Far East, or Sout<span style="color: var(--textColor); background-color: var(--backgroundColor);" class="">hern/Western
China).</span><br class="">
One of the interesting possible areal features of MNEA languages (Tuvan, Manchu, Korean, Mandarin, and Mongolian) that I’ve found is that these five languages, except Mandarin, can express “North” with the word meaning “rear; back; behind”. Please see the map:<br class="">
<span id="cid:82A3F024701F4B0692CCA7C2CAE5EA7F"><Attachment.tiff></span><br class="">
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(Note that, in Mandarin, <em class="">bei</em> 北 `North’ and <em class="">bei </em>背 `back; backside’ differ only in tone, and are etymologically related)<br class="">
I’m curious if this polysemy exists in other areas as well, and if so, what would be the motivation? (Historical? Cultural? Religious? Cognitive? Climatic?)</div>
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Regards,
<div dir="auto" class="">Ian</div>
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<span id="cid:82A3F024701F4B0692CCA7C2CAE5EA7F"><Attachment.tiff></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">_______________________________________________</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class="">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Lingtyp
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